Pontius Pilate祂比拉多

After the deposition of the eldest son of Herod, Archelaus (who had succeeded his father as ethnarch), Judea was placed under the rule of a Roman procurator.後沉積的長子被希律， archelaus （世衛組織已成功地他的父親作為ethnarch ） ，朱迪亞劃歸統治的一個羅馬檢察長。 Pilate, who was the fifth, succeeding Valerius Gratus in AD 26, had greater authority than most procurators under the empire, for in addition to the ordinary duty of financial administration, he had supreme power judicially.比拉多，誰是第五，接替valerius gratus在公元26 ，有更大的權力比大多數檢察官根據帝國，除了普通的責任，財務管理，他的最高權力，在司法上。 His unusually long period of office (AD 26-36) covers the whole of the active ministry both of St. John the Baptist and of Jesus Christ.他的異常長的任職期限（公元26-36 ） ，涵蓋整個活動部都聖施洗約翰和耶穌。

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As procurator Pilate was necessarily of equestrian rank, but beyond that we know little of his family or origin.作為檢察長比拉多是必然的馬術秩，但除此之外，我們知之甚少，他的家人或出身。 Some have thought that he was only a freedman, deriving his name from pileus (the cap of freed slaves) but for this there seems to be no adequate evidence, and it is unlikely that a freedman would attain to a post of such importance.有些人還以為他只是一個弗里德曼，源於他的名字從pileus （帽解放的奴隸） ，但這個似乎沒有足夠的證據，而且這是不可能一個弗里德曼將達到一個職位如此重要的。 The Pontii were a Samnite gens.該pontii一個samnite Gens表示。 Pilate owed his appointment to the influence of Sejanus.比拉多欠他的任命的影響sejanus 。 The official residence of the procurators was the palace of Herod at Cæsarea; where there was a military force of about 3,000 soldiers.官邸的檢察官是故宮的希律在cæsarea ;那裡有一支軍事部隊的大約3000名士兵。 These soldiers came up to Jerusalem at the time of the feasts, when the city was full of strangers, and there was greater danger of disturbances, hence it was that Pilate had come to Jerusalem at the time of the Crucifixion.這些士兵來到了耶路撒冷問題上的時候，席間，當城市充滿了陌生人，並有更大的危險性干擾，因此它被認為比拉多已經到了耶路撒冷，在時間的曠野裡。 His name will be forever covered with infamy because of the part which he took in this matter, though at the time it appeared to him of small importance.他的名字將永遠被覆蓋臭名，因為該部分，就是他對這件事的，雖然在當時的他看來，小的重要性。

Pilate is a type of the worldly man, knowing the right and anxious to do it so far as it can be done without personal sacrifice of any kind, but yielding easily to pressure from those whose interest it is that he should act otherwise.比拉多是一種世俗的男子，明知權利和急於這樣做，就可以做，沒有個人的犧牲，任何形式的，但很容易屈服的壓力來自那些利益，那就是他應該這樣做。 He would gladly have acquitted Christ, and even made serious efforts in that direction, but gave way at once when his own position was threatened.他會很樂意有被宣告無罪基督，甚至作出了認真的努力，在這個方向，但他的方式在一旦當他自己的地位受到威脅。

The other events of his rule are not of very great importance.其他的事件，他的統治是不是非常具有十分重要的意義。 Philo (Ad Gaium, 38) speaks of him as inflexible, merciless, and obstinate.斐洛（公元gaium ， 38 ） ，談他作為一成不變的，無情的，固執的個性。 The Jews hated him and his administration, for he was not only very severe, but showed little consideration for their susceptibilities.猶太人痛恨他和他的政府，因為他不僅是非常嚴重的，但幾乎沒有考慮到他們的敏感性。 Some standards bearing the image of Tiberius, which had been set up by him in Jerusalem, caused an outbreak which would have ended in a massacre had not Pilate given way.一些標準軸承的形象，台比留，其中已成立了由他在耶路撒冷，引起暴發，將有結束的大屠殺沒有比拉多讓路。 At a later date Tiberius ordered him to remove certain gilt shields, which he had set up in Jerusalem in spite of the remonstrances of the people.在稍後的日期提庇留命令他，以消除某些鍍金盾牌，這是他設在耶路撒冷，儘管該remonstrances在人民手中。 The incident mentioned in St. Luke 13:1, of the Galilaeans whose blood Pilate mingled with the sacrifices, is not elsewhere referred to, but is quite in keeping with other authentic events of his rule.事件中提到的聖盧克13時01分，該galilaeans在人的血液比拉多交融的犧牲，是不是在其他地方提到的，而且是很適應，與其他真實的事件，他的統治。 He was, therefore, anxious that no further hostile reports should be sent to the emperor concerning him.他的，因此，焦慮，沒有進一步的敵對報告應送交皇帝涉及他。

The tendency, already discernible in the canonical Gospels, to lay stress on the efforts of Pilate to acquit Christ, and thus pass as lenient a judgment as possible upon his crime, goes further in the apocryphal Gospels and led in later years to the claim that he actually became a Christian.趨勢，已可辨，在典型福音，要注重對努力的比拉多無罪釋放基督，並因此通過寬鬆一個判斷，有可能當他犯罪的，更進一步在猜測福音，並導致在多年後，以中指他實際上成為一個基督徒。 The Abyssinian Church reckons him as a saint, and assigns 25 June to him and to Claudia Procula, his wife.該阿比西尼亞教會研判他是一個聖人，並指派6月25日，他和（ Claudia procula ，他的妻子。 The belief that she became a Christian goes back to the second century, and may be found in Origen (Hom., in Mat., xxxv).相信，她成為基督教源遠流長，早在公元二世紀，並有可能找到淵源（ hom. ，墊子，三十五） 。 The Greek Church assigns her a feast on 27 October.希臘教會指派她盛宴於10月27日。 Tertullian and Justin Martyr both speak of a report on the Crucifixion (not extant) sent in by Pilate to Tiberius, from which idea a large amount of apocryphal literature originated.戴爾都良和賈斯汀烈士都講了一份關於在十字架上（而不是現存） ，在派出由比拉多來台比留，從構思了大量的猜測文學的起源。 Some of these were Christian in origin (Gospel of Nicodemus), others came from the heathen, but these have all perished.一些這類的基督徒在原產地（福音尼哥底母） ，另一些來自異教徒的，但所有這些活動都滅亡了。

His rule was brought to an end through trouble which arose in Samaria.他的統治得以結束通過鬧事，其中發生在撒馬利亞。 An imposter had given out that it was in his power to discover the sacred vessels which, as he alleged, had been hidden by Moses on Mount Gerizim, whither armed Samaritans came in large numbers.一個imposter曾表示，這是在他的權力，發現神聖的船隻，因為他被指控，已被隱藏，由摩西山蓋裡濟姆，著武裝撒瑪利亞前來大量。 Pilate seems to have thought the whole affair was a blind, covering some other more important design, for he hurried forces to attack them, and many were slain.比拉多似乎都以為整個事件是一個盲人，涉及到一些更加重要的設計問題，因為他急著勢力攻擊他們，許多人被殺害。 They appealed to Vitellius, who was at that time legate in Syria, saying that nothing political had been intended, and complaining of Pilate's whole administration.他們呼籲vitellius ，他們就在這個時候， legate在敘利亞，說什麼政治已打算，並抱怨比拉多的整個政府。 He was summoned to Rome to answer their charges, but before he could reach the city the Emperor Tiberius had died.他被傳喚到羅馬去回答他們的收費，但在此之前，他無法達到城市皇帝提庇留已經死亡。

That is the last we know of Pilate from authentic sources, but legend has been busy with his name.這是過去我們知道的比拉多從正宗的來源，但聯想一直忙於與他的名字。 He is said by Eusebius (HE, ii, 7), on the authority of earlier writers, whom he does not name, to have fallen into great misfortunes under Caligula, and eventually to have committed suicide.據說，他是由尤西比烏斯（他的第一，二，七） ，對權威的早些時候，作家，並非和他的名義，向陷入巨大的不幸，根據卡里古拉，並最終有自殺身亡。 Other details come from less respectable sources.其他細節來自少受尊敬的來源。 His body, says the "Mors Pilati", was thrown into the Tiber, but the waters were so disturbed by evil spirits that the body was taken to Vienne and sunk in the Rhône, where a monument, called Pilate's tomb, is still to be seen.他的身體，說： "基準pilati " ，被扔進Tiber的，但該水域如此不安邪靈這具屍體被送到維埃納省和沉沒在羅訥，如一座豐碑，所謂比拉多的墓，還有待可見。 As the same thing occurred there, it was again removed and sunk in the lake at Lausanne.因為同樣的事情發生在那裡，它被再次取消和沉入湖在洛桑。 Its final disposition was in a deep and lonely mountain tarn, which, according to later tradition, was on a mountain, still called Pilatus, close to Lucerne.它的最終處置，是在深刻而孤獨的山塔納，而根據後來的傳統，是一個山區，還是所謂的皮拉圖斯，接近苜蓿。 The real origin of this name is, however, to be sought in the cap of cloud which often covers the mountain, and serves as a barometer to the inhabitants of Lucerne.真正的起源這個名字就是，不過，為了爭取在帽雲往往涵蓋了山區，並把它作為晴雨表的居民苜蓿。 The are many other legends about Pilate in the folklore of Germany, but none of them have the slightest authority.在很多其他的傳說比拉多在民俗學的德國，但他們之中沒有人有絲毫的權威。

Publication information Written by Arthur S. Barnes.出版信息書面亞瑟美國巴恩斯。 Transcribed by Lawrence Progel.轉錄的，由勞倫斯progel 。 The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume XII.天主教百科全書，體積十二。 Published 1911. 1911年出版。 New York: Robert Appleton Company.紐約：羅伯特Appleton還公司。 Nihil Obstat, June 1, 1911. nihil obstat ， 1911年6月1日。 Remy Lafort, STD, Censor.人頭馬lafort ，性病，檢查員。 Imprimatur. imprimatur 。 +John Cardinal Farley, Archbishop of New York +約翰farley樞機主教，大主教紐約

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