Mu'tazilah mu'tazilah

Doctrines教義

A second doctrine concerned the nature of God.第二個學說關注天主的本性。 God is pure Essence and, therefore, without eternal attributes such as hands.上帝是純粹的本質，因此，沒有永恆的屬性，如手中。 Passages in the Qur'an that ascribe human or physical properties to God are to be regarded as metaphorical rather than literal.通道古蘭經即歸於人類或物理特性，以上帝都被視為隱喻，而不是字面的。

BELIEVE 相信 Religious 宗教 Information 資訊 Source 源 web-site 網址：

Our List of 1,000 Religious Subjects 我們所列出的1000名宗教科目

E-mail 電子郵箱

The Mu'tazilites also argued that the Qur'an was created and not eternal.該mu'tazilites還爭辯說，可蘭經，是創造而不是永恆。 The basis of this doctrine was the claim that the eternal coexistence of the Qur'an beside Allah gave the impression of another god beside Allah.根據這一學說，是指永恆的共存古蘭經旁邊真主給人一種印象，另一旁的神安拉。

Human acts are free and, therefore, people are entirely responsible for their decisions and actions.人的行為是自由，因此，人們完全負責，他們的決定和行動。 Divine predestination is incompatible with God's justice and human responsibility.神的宿命，是不符合上帝的公義和人類的責任。 God, however, must of necessity act justly; it follows from this that the promises of reward that God has made in the Qur'an to righteous people and the punishments he had issued to evildoers must be carried out by him on the day of judgement.上帝，但是，我認為必須採取行動，公正;遵循這個承諾的獎勵就是神所取得的古蘭經，以正義的人民和懲罰他曾發出惡而必須進行的，由他在當天的判決。

Mu'tazilites are generally seen as responsible for the incorporation of Greek philosophical thought into Islamic theology. mu'tazilites一般都被看作是負責把希臘哲學思想融入伊斯蘭神學。 This is particularly apparent in their belief that knowledge of God can be acquired through reason as well as revelation.這一點尤其明顯，他們認為知識的神只要一想就能獲得通過的原因，以及啟示。

History歷史

At the time of the rise of the 'Abbasids in 750 the Mu'tazilites began to become prominent in the Islamic world.在當時的崛起' abbasids在750本mu'tazilites開始成為突出的是在伊斯蘭世界裡。 In the 9th century the 'Abbasid caliph, al-Ma'mun, raised Mu'tazilah doctrine to the status of the state creed.在9世紀'阿巴斯哈里發，鋁-馬穆科學院，提出mu'tazilah主義的地位，該國的信條。 Openly supported by the caliphate, the Mu'tazilites became increasingly intolerant and began to persecute their opponents.公開支持由哈里發， mu'tazilites變得越來越不能容忍，並開始迫害自己的對手。 On one occasion the eminent Sunni scholar and founder of one of the four orthodox jurisprudential schools, Ahmad b.有一次著名的遜尼派學者和奠基人之一，四個正統法理學校，艾哈邁德乙 Hanbal (d.855), was subjected to flogging and imprisonment for his refusal to subscribe to the Mu'tazilite doctrine that the Qur'an was created in time. hanbal （ d.855 ） ，其遭受鞭打及監禁他拒絕訂閱該mu'tazilite學說認為古蘭經創建於時間。

Always unpopular with the ordinary people, the Mu'tazilites' power gradually began to wane.總是不受歡迎的，與一般的人， mu'tazilites權力逐漸開始消退。 They lost the support of the caliphs and by the 10th century the Traditionist (Sunni majority) opposition to Mu'tazilah found a spokesman in Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari (d.935), who himself had previously been a Mu'tazilite.他們失去了支持的caliphs和由10世紀的traditionist （遜尼派多數）反對mu'tazilah發現一名發言人阿布-哈桑基地ash'ari （ d.935 ） ，他本人此前一直畝' tazilite 。 Al-Ash'ari's new school of theology and the school of Abu Mansur al-Maturidi (d.945) provided the new basis of orthodox Islamic theology, leading to the complete disappearance of the Mu'tazile movement.基地ash'ari的新學年的神學和學校的阿布曼蘇爾基地maturidi （ d.945 ）提供了新的基礎上的正統伊斯蘭神學，導致完全消失了mu'tazile運動。

Symbols符號

Adherents黨羽

Headquarters / Main Centre總部/主要中心

Bülent Þenay bülent þenay
Overview of World Religions Project總觀世界宗教工程

This subject presentation in the original English language這一主題演講，在原有的英語

Send an e-mail question or comment to us: E-mail郵件發送問題或意見給我們： 電子郵箱

The main BELIEVE web-page (and the index to subjects) is at http://mb-soft.com/believe/beliechu.html主要相信網頁（和索引科目） ，是在http://mb-soft.com/believe/beliechu.html