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The Druze scripture is the Rasa'il al-hikmah (Epistles of Wisdom), most of which was composed by Hamzah's successor, Baha al-Din al-Muqtana.德魯茲經文是rasa'il基地hikmah （書信的智慧） ，其中大部分是由哈姆扎的繼任者，巴哈al - Din的基地muqtana 。
During the Ottoman period the Druze were allowed to govern themselves.在奧斯曼帝國時期，德魯茲人被允許管理自己。 In the 17th and 18th centuries the sect was bitterly divided between the Qaysis and Yamanis who engaged in a series of violent conflicts with each other.在17,18世紀該教派是嚴重的分歧之間qaysis和yamanis人進行了一系列暴力衝突，相互激盪。 Throughout the 19th century, until the end of the first world war, the Druzes were almost continually in conflict with Maronite Christians.在整個19世紀，直至本月底為止的第一次世界戰爭中， druzes幾乎不斷在衝突與馬龍派基督教徒。 The worst incident occurred in 1860 when the Druzes burned 150 Christian villages, and killed some 11,000 people.最嚴重的事件發生在1860年，當druzes燒掉150基督教村莊，並殺害了大約11000人。
Following the end of the first world war and the collapse of the Ottoman empire the Druze, like other groups in the region, came under the jurisdiction of the European powers who took control of the Middle East.結束後的第一次世界戰爭和崩潰的奧斯曼帝國，德魯茲人，像其他團伙在該地區，來到管轄下的歐洲列強誰控制了中東。 The Druzes constituted important minority groups in three of the countries that were set up in the region in the 1940s: Syria, Lebanon and Israel.該druzes構成重要的少數族群中，有三個國家分別設立在該地區在1940年：敘利亞，黎巴嫩和以色列。 The Druzes existed in Syria as a deprived minority denied political power and many educational opportunities.該druzes存在於敘利亞作為剝奪少數剝奪政治權力和許多受教育的機會。 In 1966 fears of a possible Druze inspired coup led to the purging of Druze officers from the Syrian army and the persecution of the Druzes, causing many to flee to the Lebanon and Jordan.在1966年的恐懼可能德魯茲靈感政變導致日常生活中的德魯茲人員從敘利亞軍隊和迫害的druzes ，造成了許多逃亡到黎巴嫩和約旦。 The capture of the Golan heights by Israel in 1973 led to the further depletion of the Druze population of Syria.捕獲，戈蘭高地是以色列在1973年導致進一步枯竭德魯茲人口的敘利亞。
In Lebanon the history of the Druze has very much been tied up with the unfortunate history of the country.在黎巴嫩的歷史德魯茲已十分被捆綁與不幸的歷史。 During the first twenty-five years of the country's history the various religious groups succeeded in coexisting without conflict.在第一個二十五年的該國歷史上的各種宗教集團成功地共存而不衝突。 However, the denial of effective political power to Lebanon's Muslims by the Christian majority led to the outbreak of civil war in 1958 and in 1975.然而，剝奪政治權力，黎巴嫩的穆斯林，基督教多數導致爆發內戰，在1958年和1975年。 One important consequence of the post-1975 conflict for the Druzes of Lebanon was the establishment of links between themselves and the Druzes of Syria and Israel as these two countries became involved in Lebanon's civil war.其中一個重要的後果後， 1975年的衝突給druzes的黎巴嫩是建立了聯繫，自己與druzes的敘利亞和以色列這兩個國家參與黎巴嫩的內戰。
The Druzes of Israel have enjoyed the most stability and prosperity of all the Middle Eastern Druze communities.該druzes的以色列有著最穩定和繁榮的所有中東德魯茲教派社區。 Of all the non-Jewish communities in Israel the Druzes have been the most loyal to the state.所有非猶太人社區在以色列druzes一直是最忠實於國家。 The refusal of the Druzes to involve themselves in the Arab-Israeli conflict and the loyalty of the majority of the Druzes to the state of Israel has led them to be treated relatively favourably by the Israeli authorities.拒絕的druzes讓自己在阿拉伯-以色列衝突和忠誠度，大部分的druzes到以色列國，已帶領他們的待遇比較，毫不遜色，由以色列當局。
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Small Mohammedan sect in Syria, notorious for their opposition to the Marionites, a Catholic people dwelling on the slopes of the Lebanon.小穆罕默德教派在敘利亞，惡名昭彰，他們反對以marionites ，天主教人士在談到斜坡的黎巴嫩。 Their name is derived as a plural form of Dorazy, the proper name of a Persian at the court of El Hakim in Egypt (about 1015).他們的名字是源自作為一個複數形式的dorazy ，正確的寫了波斯在法庭薩爾瓦多哈基姆在埃及（約1015 ） 。 They subsequently repudiated all connection with this Mohammed Ibn Ismail el-Dorazy, and styled themselves Unitarians, or Muwahhedin, on account of the emphasis they lay on the unity of God.他們隨後推翻所有與本穆罕默德伊本伊斯梅爾埃及dorazy ，處處自己unitarians ，或muwahhedin ，對帳戶的重點在於，他們對統一的神。 Their history begins with the arrival of Dorazy in the Wady el-Teim, after his flight from Egypt.其歷史始於到來dorazy在wady埃及teim後，他的飛行，從埃及。 This Persian had had the audacity to read to a large multitude in a mosque a book tending to prove that El Hakim, the mad Fatimite caliph, was an incarnation of God.這波斯語不得不厚顏無恥地閱讀了大量的千頭萬緒的一個清真寺一本書，撫育，以證明下午哈基姆，瘋狂fatimite哈里發，是一個化身的上帝。 Escaping from the crowd, who were enraged at this blasphemy, he fled to the valley between Hermon and the Southern Lebanon, and with the support of his master preached his doctrine to these mountaineers, already given to Batenite doctrine and therefore predisposed to accept a further incarnation of the Deity.逃離人群，他們被激怒了，在這褻瀆，他逃到山谷之間的赫爾蒙和黎巴嫩南部，並得到了他的主人，他所宣揚的教義，以這些登山者，已經給予batenite學說，因此傾向於接受進一步化身的天神。 He was soon superseded by another Persian, Hamzeh Ibn Ahmed El Hady, who became the real founder of the sect and the author of its sacred books.他很快就被取代另一個波斯語， hamzeh伊本艾哈邁德下午hady ，他成為真正的創始人，該教派與作者的神聖書籍。 After the assassination of El Hakim, Hamzeh wrote a treatise to prove that El Hakim had not really died but only disappeared to test the faith of his followers.暗殺發生後薩爾瓦多哈基姆， hamzeh寫了論文，以證明下午哈基姆還沒有真正死亡，但只消失了，以測試信仰的信徒。 This disappearance and ultimate return of El Hakim are the cardinal points of the Druze faith today.這起失踪，並最終返回薩爾瓦多哈基姆是紅衣主教點德魯茲人的信仰。 The sacred books of the Druzes, successfully hidden from the world for eight centuries, have since the middle of the last century found their way into European libraries.神聖書籍的druzes ，成功地隱藏在世界八個世紀以來，有自上個世紀中，發現自己的方式融入歐洲圖書館。 They are written in Arabic and effect the style of the Koran.他們是用阿拉伯文和效果的風格可蘭經。 They consist of six volumes containing 111 treatises of a controversial character or explanatory epistles to individual persons.他們組成六冊，其中載有111論文的一個有爭議的性格或解釋性教會中的個別人士。 Each book takes its name from its first treatise.每一本書把它的名字從第一次傷寒。 Their speculations strongly reflect their Persian origin.他們猜測，強烈反映他們的波斯語起源。
The Druze doctrine concerning God is characterized by its abstraction from all Divine attributes; these, it declares, would imply limitation in the Supreme Being.德魯茲主義關於上帝的，其特點是抽象，從所有神聖的屬性，這就是，它宣布，將意味著限制在最高福祉。 God, however, manifested Himself first in the Universal Mind, then in the Universal Soul, and again in the Word.上帝，但是，體現了自己的第一次普遍心態，然後，在普及的靈魂，又在字。 These three form the first great manifestation.這3個表格的第一個偉大的表現。 The second great manifestation began with the residence of the Universal mind in Adam for a thousand years; after which Enoch took his place, and in turn was followed by the seven ministers, Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, Mohammed, Ibn Ishmail; the seventh is unknown.第二次大的表現開始與居住地的普遍心態，在亞當，為1000年後，其中伊諾克了自己的位置，從而其次是七國財長，諾亞，亞伯拉罕，摩西，耶穌，穆罕默德伊本ishmail ;七是未知之數。 God appeared ten times in human form, for the last time in El Hakim.上帝出現了10倍，在人類的形式，為最後一次在El哈基姆。 The Druzes teach a distinction between Jesus, the son of Joseph, and the Christ.該druzes教導區分耶穌的兒子約瑟夫，與基督。 Christ instructed Jesus, but finally Jesus disobeyed Christ and was crucified in consequence.基督耶穌的指示，但最後違抗耶穌基督被釘在十字架上，在後果。 Christ, who was concealed under the form of one of the disciples of Jesus, stole the body of Jesus from the grave, and gave out the report that Christ had risen, in order that the true Druzes might be concealed for awhile in the religion of Jesus.基督，誰是下隱蔽的形式，其中一個門徒的耶穌，偷走了耶穌的身體從墳墓，並指出該報告說，基督已上升，為了真正druzes可能隱藏著一段時間在宗教耶穌。 The Druzes are firm believers in the transmigration of souls, and this transmigration will never end; after the Judgment Day death will continue, but it will be painless for the saved, who will live to the age of 120 years, and whose souls will forthwith be reborn and re-enter a life of peace and pleasure.該druzes都堅定地相信，在輪迴的心靈，這個輪迴，將永遠不會結束;作出判決後一天死亡將繼續，但會是無痛的，為救，誰活到的年齡120年，其靈魂將隨即投胎，重新進入了一個生命的和平與快樂。 The Druze are unshakably convinced that the whole of China is peopled with adherents of their religion.德魯茲人都堅定不移地相信，整個中國是peopled與遺民他們的宗教活動。 The Judgment Day, or rather the golden age for the Druzes, will be at hand when the Christians wax greater than the Mohammedans, some nine hundred years after the disappearance of El Hakim.判決當天，或者更確切地說，黃金時代，為druzes ，將手頭上的時候，基督徒蠟大於Mohammedan人，有些九百年消失後，薩爾瓦多哈基姆。 Then the Christians, aided by the King of Abyssinia, a sort of Antichrist named "The Antagonist", will march against the Caaba in Mecca.那麼，基督徒，計算機輔助由國王的阿比西尼亞，一種箴命名為"敵對" ，將於3月對caaba在麥加朝聖。 The hosts of Christ and Mohammed will meet, but only to be both overcome by 2,500,000 Chinese Druzes.主持人耶穌和穆罕默德將會晤，但只待雙方克服2500000中文druzes 。 Moslems and Christians will both be reduced to everlasting slavery, and the Unitarians will reign forever.穆斯林和基督教徒都將淪為永遠的奴隸制度，以及unitarians將永遠在位。 The Druze religion contains several moral precepts: veracity, love of the brethren, forsaking of idolatry, repudiation of devils, acknowledgement of God's unity at all times, secrecy in religion, and resignation to the will of God.德魯茲宗教包含幾個道德戒律：真實性，愛的弟兄們，拋棄的偶像崇拜，休妻的魔鬼，承認上帝的團結，在任何時候，秘密宗教，並辭職以上帝的意志。
The Druzes are divided into two main classes: the Ukkal, or initiated, and the Juhhal, or uninitiated; among the former the Iwayid profess the strictest Druze principles.該druzes是主要分為兩班： ukkal ，或發起，並juhhal ，或不了解情況，其中前者iwayid自稱最嚴格的德魯茲原則。 They meet on Thursday evenings for worship, which consists almost exclusively in reading their sacred books.他們滿足於週四晚上崇拜，其中包括幾乎完全是在讀自己的神聖書籍。 They often comply with the outward observances of Islam and even make pretense of being Mohammedans, but they are officially designated as unbelievers.他們往往遵守向外紀念活動對伊斯蘭教和連作幌子，被伊斯蘭教，但它們正式指定為信的。 They live mostly ion the Lebanon, but are also found in the Hauran and in the districts near Damascus; their total number is estimated at 100,000 or a few thousand more.他們大多居住離子，黎巴嫩，但也發現在hauran並在各區大馬士革附近，他們的總人數估計在10萬或幾千元以上。 Encouraged by Turkish authorities, the Druze in 1860 attacked the Catholic Marionites, and are said to have massacred some then thousand of them.鼓舞土耳其當局，德魯茲人，在1860年襲擊了天主教marionites ，據說有大屠殺，有的則數千人。 The massacres were stayed mainly through English and French intervention.屠殺事件下榻主要是通過英語和法語的干預。
Publication information Written by JP Arendzen.出版信息書面由JP arendzen 。 Transcribed by M. Donahue.轉錄由M. Donahue ） 。 The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume V. Published 1909.天主教百科全書，體積訴公佈1909年。 New York: Robert Appleton Company.紐約：羅伯特Appleton還公司。 Nihil Obstat, May 1, 1909. nihil obstat ， 1909年5月1日。 Remy Lafort, Censor.人頭馬lafort ，檢查員。 Imprimatur. imprimatur 。 +John M. Farley, Archbishop of New York +約翰米farley ，大主教紐約
Bibliography參考書目
Wortabet, Researchers into the Religions of Syria (London, 1860); Churchill, the Druze and Marionites (London, 1862); Socin in Realencyk.für prof. wortabet ，研究人員把宗教的敘利亞（倫敦， 1860年） ;邱吉爾，德魯茲人和marionites （倫敦， 1862年） ; socin在realencyk.für教授。 Theol. theol 。 (Leipzig, 1898), sv Drusen; Neumann, Das Volk des Drusen (Vienna, 1878). （萊比錫， 1898 ） ， sv drusen ;諾依曼之月9萬drusen （維也納， 1878年） 。
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