The Protestant Episcopal church in the United States is a part of the worldwide Anglican Communion.基督教圣公会在美国是一个组成部分，全球圣公会共融。 In the late 1980s the church had about 2,500,000 members in some 7,000 parishes and missions, with about 14,000 clergy.在20世纪80年代末，教会有大约2500000成员在某些7000个教区和使命，与约14000神职人员。 Divided into 4 provinces that include all the states and territories of the United States, it has 106 dioceses and missionary districts.分为4个省，其中包括所有国家和地区的美国，它有106个教区和传教区。
The history of the Episcopal church began with the English exploration and colonization of North America.历史上的圣公会开始与英语的探索和殖民北美洲。 Although the New England colonies were established by Puritans opposed to Anglicanism, large numbers of Anglicans settled in the southern colonies, and the Church of England became the established church in the Carolinas, Maryland, and Virginia.虽然新英格兰殖民地，建立了由清教徒反对anglicanism ，大批教徒定居在该国南部的殖民地，英国教会成为既定的教堂，在州，马里兰州和维吉尼亚州。 The American Revolution severed ties between the Church of England and the church in the colonies.美国独立战争断绝了联系，英国教会和教会在殖民地。 Thus in 1789, the Protestant Episcopal church began its separate existence, determined to preserve its Anglican heritage but also committed to such American ideals as the separation of Church and State.因此，在1789年，新教圣公会开始其单独存在，有决心，以维护其英国国教遗产，但也犯了这种美国理想，作为政教分离的国家。
The character of the Episcopal church was influenced during its early years by the struggle between the Low church party, led by William White, the first bishop of Pennsylvania, and a High church party, led by Samuel Seabury, bishop of Connecticut.性格主教教会的影响，在其最初几年所争低教会党领导的威廉白，第一主教宾夕法尼亚州，以及一支高素质的教堂党的领导下塞缪尔seabury主教，康涅狄格。 Seeking to resolve the struggle, the Episcopal church established a polity in which a democratic, lay dominated church structure was set in tension with the aristocratic, episcopally dominated government structure.寻求解决斗争中，圣公会建立了一个政体，在一个民主，突出主导教会结构是一套在紧张与贵族， episcopally为主的政府结构。 A general convention was established, composed of a house of bishops and a house of clerical and lay deputies, and chartered to meet triennially.一般公约成立后，组成一所房子的主教和一所房子的文员级及业外人士的副手，和特许经营，以满足每三年改选一次。 Further tension was to exist between this national convention and the local dioceses and missionary districts, which resisted interference by the national body.进一步紧张，是分别存在这个全国代表大会和地方教区和传教区，其中抵制干扰，由国家机构。 Unity has been maintained by commonly held traditions embodied in a constitution and canon law, the Book of Common Prayer, and the threefold ministry of bishops, priests, and deacons, as well as through a common agreement to coexist.团结一直保持共同持有的传统体现于宪法和教会法，这本书的共同祈祷，并三倍部主教，司铎和执事，以及通过一个共同的协议并存。
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The Episcopal church has been actively engaged in the Ecumenical Movement, largely through the National Council of Churches and World Council of Churches.圣公会一直积极参与在基督信仰合一运动，主要是通过全国教会理事会和世界基督教协进会。 It has participated in conversations with other churches, chiefly the Presbyterian, Roman Catholic, and Lutheran churches.先后参与了交谈与其他教会，主要是长老会，天主教，路德会教堂。
John E Booty约翰e战利品
Bibliography
参考书目
R Albright,
History of the Protestant Episcopal Church (1964); J Booty, The Episcopal Church
in Crisis (1988); D Locke, The Episcopal Church (1991); R Pritchard, ed.,
Readings from the History of the Episcopal Church (1986).
r奥尔布赖特，历史上的新教圣公会（ 1964 ） ; j战利品，圣公会危机（ 1988条） ， d骆家辉，圣公会（ 1991
）与r普里查德，版，读，从历史上的圣公会（ 1986年） 。
The history of this religious organization divides itself naturally into two portions: the period of its dependence upon the Church of England and that of its separate existence with a hierarchy of its own.历史上的这个宗教组织划分本身自然分成两个部分：期依赖后，英国教会和它的独立存在，同等级其自己的活力。
I. BEFORE THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION一，前美国革命
The Church of England was planted permanently in Virginia in 1607, at the foundation of the Jamestown Colony.英国教会被永久种植在弗吉尼亚州在1607年，在基金会的詹姆斯敦殖民地。 There had been sporadic attempts before this date -- in 1585 and 1587, under the auspices of Walter Raleigh in the Carolinas, and in 1607, under the auspices of Chief Justice Popham and Sir Ferdinando Gorges in Maine.出现了零星的企图，在此日期之前-在1 585年和1 587年的主持下，沃尔特罗利在州，并在1 607年的主持下，终审法院首席法官p opham和S ir费迪南多三峡在缅因州。 The attempt to found colonies had failed, and with it, of course, the attempt to plant the English ecclesiastical institutions.企图使他们找到殖民地失败了，有了它，当然，尝试种植英语教会机构。
During the colonial period the Church of England achieved a quasi-establishment in Maryland and Virginia, and to a lesser extent in the other colonies, with the exception of New England, where for many years the few Episcopalians were bitterly persecuted and at best barely tolerated.在殖民统治时期，英国教会，取得了准设立在马里兰州和弗吉尼亚州，并在较小的程度上，在其他殖民地，除新英格兰地区，那里多年来数episcopalians被迫害的痛苦，并在最佳勉强容忍。 In the Southern states -- notably in Virginia and Maryland, in the latter of which the Church of England has dispossessed the Catholics not only of their political power, but even of religious liberty -- the Church of England, although well provided for from a worldly point of view, was by no means in a strong state, either spiritually or intellectually.在南部各州-尤其是在弗吉尼亚州和马里兰州，在后者，其中英国教会已一无所有的天主教徒，不仅是他们的政治权力，但即使是宗教信仰自由-英国教会，尽管善良的规定，从世俗的角度来看，倒也不是一个强大的国家，无论是精神上或智力。 The appointment to parishes was almost wholly in the hands of vestries who refused to induct ministers and so give them a title to the emoluments of their office, but preferred to pay chaplains whom they could dismiss at their pleasure.任命教区几乎全在政府手中vestries拒绝引导部长们，所以给他们一个称号，以酬劳他们的办公室，但宁愿支付牧师的人，他们可以罢免他们的快乐。 This naturally resulted in filling the ranks of the ministry with very unworthy candidates, and reduced the clergy to a position of contempt in the eyes of the laity.这自然导致加油站的行列，教育部与非常卑微的候选人，并减少了神职人员地位的蔑视，在眼睛的俗人。
As there were no bishops in America, the churches in the colonies were under the jurisdiction of the Bishop of London, who governed them by means of commissaries; but, although among the commissaries were men of such eminence as Dr. Bray in Maryland, and Dr. Blair, the founder of William and Mary College in Virginia, the lay power was so strong and the class of men willing to undertake the work of the ministry so inferior that very little could be done.由于没有主教，在美国，教会在菌落管辖下的主教，伦敦，谁治，他们的手段commissaries ;不过，虽然其中commissaries被男人的这种隆起叶文布雷在马里兰州，和布莱尔博士，创办人威廉和玛丽学院，弗吉尼亚，奠定权力是如此强大和阶级的男性愿意承担部的工作，使劣势，很少可以这样做。 Even the efforts of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel proved of very little effect in the South, though in Pennsylvania, New York, and New Jersey it bore much better fruit.即使努力的社会，为传播福音事实证明收效甚微，在南方，但在宾夕法尼亚州，纽约，新泽西州，它口径好得多水果。
But, while the Anglican church was sunk in spiritual and intellectual lethargy in the South, and while it had a rather attenuated existence in the Middle states, an event occurred in New England in 1722 which was of the greatest promise for the future of Anglicanism, and which shook Congregationalism in New England to its very foundations.但是，尽管圣公会被击沉，在精神和智力的沉睡在南方，而它造成了比较大的衰减存在，在中东国家，即一个事件发生在新英格兰地区，在1722年，这是最大的承诺，为未来的anglicanism ，而摇头公理，在新英格兰，其根本基础。 Timothy Cutler, the rector of Yale College, with six other Congregational ministers, all men of learning and piety, announced to their brethren in the Congregational ministry of Connecticut that they could no longer remain out of visible communion with an Episcopal Church: that some of them doubted of the validity, while others were persuaded of the invalidity, of Presbyterian ordinations.蒂莫西卡勒，校长，耶鲁大学，同其他六个堂会的部长，所有官兵的学习和虔诚宣布，他们的弟兄，在堂部康涅狄格州，他们可能不再留出有形的共融与圣公会：部分他们怀疑的有效性，而另一些人的劝说无效，长老ordinations 。 Three of them were subsequently persuaded to remain in the Congregational ministry, the rest becoming Episcopalians, and three of them, Messrs. Cutler, Johnson, and Brown, were ordained to the ministry of the Anglican Church.其中3人后来说服留在堂部，其余成为episcopalians ，其中3人， Messrs 。卡勒，约翰逊和布朗等人受戒向商务部圣公会。
During the Revolution革命期间
During the period of the Revolution the Church of England in America suffered greatly in the estimation of Americans by its strong attachment to the cause of the British Crown.期间，革命的英国教会在美国遭受了极大的估计，美国人在其强烈依恋事业英女王。 But there were not wanting both clergymen and laymen most eminent in their loyalty to the cause of the colonies and in the patriotic sacrifices which they made to the cause of independence.但也有不想要这两个基督教广大教牧人员和普通人最杰出的，在他们的事业的忠诚，殖民地，并在爱国奉献，他们事业作出了独立的目的。 Among the clergy two such men were Mr. White, an assistant of Christ Church, Philadelphia, and Mr. Provost, assistant of Trinity Church, New York.其中神职人员两个这样的男人White先生，助理基督的教会，费城，和先生provost ，助理的三一教堂，纽约。 The rectors of these churches being Tories, these gentlemen subsequently succeeded them in the pastorate of their respective parishes.该大学校长的这些教会被保守党，这些嘉宾随后，他们成功地在牧师各自的教区。
II.二。 AFTER THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION之后，美国革命
The Seabury Faction该seabury派
At the close of the war, Episcopalians, as they were already commonly called, realized that, if they were to play any part in the national life, their church must have a national organization.在结束战争， episcopalians ，因为他们已经俗称，意识到，如果他们扮演任何部分，在国家生活中，他们的教会必须有一个全国性的组织。 the greatest obstacle to this organization was the obtaining of bishops to carry on a national hierarchy.最大的障碍，这个组织是取得主教进行了关于国家层次。 In Connecticut, where those who had gone into the Episcopal Church had not only read themselves into a belief in the necessity of Episcopacy, but had also adopted many other tenets of the Caroline divines, a bishop was considered of absolute necessity, and, accordingly, the clergy of that state elected the Rev. Samuel Seabury and requested him to go abroad and obtain the episcopal character.在康涅狄格州，而那些已经进入圣公会曾不只是读自己成为一个信仰的必要性之故，而且还采取了许多其它原理加罗林divines ，主教被认为是绝对必需的，并据此，神职人员在该国选出牧师塞缪尔seabury ，并请他到国外去，并取得主教性格。
It was found impossible to obtain the episcopate in England, owing to the fact that the bishops there could not by law consecrate any man who would not take the oath of allegiance, and, although during the War of the Revolution, Seabury had been widely known for his Tory sympathies, it would have been impossible for him to return to America if he had received consecration as a British subject.结果发现，就不可能获得主教团在英国，由于事实，那就是主教，有可能不是由法律规定任何人，不会采取宣誓效忠，而且，虽然在战争期间的革命， seabury已广为人知他的保守党的同情，它已经不可能让他回到美国，如果他收到了consecration作为英国臣民。 Upon the refusal of the English bishops to confer the episcopate, he proceeded to Scotland, where, after prolonged negotiations, the Nonjuring bishops consented to confer the episcopal character upon him.经拒绝了英语主教授予主教，他进而苏格兰，那里，经过漫长的谈判之后， nonjuring主教同意授予主教性格后，他的。
These bishops were the remnant of the Episcopal Church which the Stuarts had so ardently desired to set up in Scotland and which had lost the protection of the State, together with all its endowments, by its fidelity to James II.这些主教被残存的主教教堂斯图尔特曾如此殷切期望的设立在苏格兰，并失去了国家的保护，加上其所有的禀赋，它忠实于詹姆斯二世。 Their religious principles were looked upon by Scottish Presbyterians as scarcely less obnoxious than those of Catholics and politically they were considered quite as dangerous.其宗教原则是看由苏格兰presbyterians因为几乎没有那么厌恶那些天主教徒和他们在政治上被认为是相当列为危险。 They were indeed exceedingly High Churchmen, and had made such alterations in the liturgy as brought their doctrine of the Holy Eucharist very near to that of the Catholic Church.当时，的确过高，教会人士，并作出了这样的改动，在礼仪中，因为其带来的学说的圣体圣事，非常接近，即天主教会。 They had even been known to use chrism in confirmation, and they were strong believers in the sacerdotal character of the Christian ministry and in the necessity of Apostolic succession and episcopal ordination.他们甚至被称为使用chrism在确认，而他们强大的信徒在sacerdotal性格的基督教部，并在有必要的使徒继承和主教。 Dr. Seabury was consecrated by them in 1784, and, being of very similar theological opinions himself, he signed a concordat immediately after his consecration, where by he agreed to do his utmost to introduce the liturgical and doctrinal peculiarities of the Nonjurors into Connecticut.博士seabury是consecrated他们可以追溯到1784年，而且，正非常类似神学自己的意见，他签署了一项协约后，立即他consecration ，凡他答应尽一切努力引进礼仪及教义特殊性的nonjurors到康涅狄格。 Upon his return to his own state he proceeded to organize and govern his diocese very much as a Catholic bishop would do; he excluded the laity from all deliberations and ecclesiastical councils and, as much as he could, from all control of ecclesiastical affairs.当他回到自己的国家，他着手筹办和治理他的教区十分一所天主教主教将尽，他排除了俗人从所有审议和教会议会，并作为得多，因为他可以，从各个方面控制的教会事务。
The White and Provost Factions白色provost派系
But if sacerdotalism was triumphant in Connecticut, a very different view was taken in New York, Pennsylvania, and Virginia.但如果sacerdotalism是凯旋在康涅狄格州，一个非常不同的看法是，在纽约，宾夕法尼亚州和维吉尼亚州。 Dr. White, now rector of Christ Church, and a doctor of divinity, believed that if the Episcopal Church was ever to live and grow in America it must assent to, and adopt as far as possible, the principle of representative government.白博士，现在校长的基督教堂，和一名医生的神性，认为，如果圣公会是以往任何时候都生活和成长在美国，它必须赞同，并尽量采用，这一原则的代议政制。 He would have been willing to go on without the episcopate until such time as it could have been obtained from England, and in the meantime to ordain candidates to the ministry by means of Presbyterian ordination, with the proviso, however, that upon the obtaining of a bishop these gentlemen were to be conditionally re-ordained.他会一直愿意去上，没有主教，直到这种时候，因为它可能已经获得了来自英国，并在此期间向阿拉维的候选人内政部手段长老顾，与上述规定，然而，一经取得一名主教，这些君子真的被有条件地重新受戒。 This last suggestion, however, found little favour among Episcopalians, and at last, after considerable difficulty, an Act was passed in Parliament whereby the English bishops were empowered to confer the episcopate upon men who were not subject to the British Crown.这最后一条建议，但发现很少有利于各episcopalians ，最后，经过相当大的困难，某一行为，是议会通过的，而英语主教有权授予主教后，男子，他们没有受到英国官方的。 Accordingly, Dr. White, being elected Bishop of Pennsylvania, and Dr. Provost, Bishop of New York, proceeded to England and received consecration at the hands of the then Archbishop of Canterbury, Dr. Moore, on Septuagesima Sunday, 1787;因此，白博士，被选为主教，宾州，及叶文provost主教，纽约，接着英格兰，并收到consecration在手中，当时的坎特伯雷大主教，博士摩尔，就septuagesima周日， 1787年;
Tenuous Union of the Various Factions脆弱的联盟的各派
Upon their return to America, although there were now three bishops in the United States there were so many differences between the Connecticut churchmen and those of the Middle and Southern states, especially with regard to the presence of laymen in ecclesiastical councils, that it was not until 1789 that a union was effected.回国后，以美国，虽然有3个，现在主教在美国有那么多的分歧，康涅狄格教会人士及中东和南部国家，特别是关于向在场的普通人，在教会理事会，它不是直到1789年一个联盟的影响。 Even after that date, when Dr. Madison was elected by Virginia to be its bishop, he proceeded to England for his consecration because Bishop Provost, of New York, refused to act in conjunction with the Bishop of Connecticut.即使是在该日期后，当博士麦迪逊当选弗吉尼亚州作为自己的主教，他接着对英格兰，他consecration因为主教provost ，新的纽约，拒绝采取行动，在与主教康涅狄格。 The union, however, was finally cemented in 1792, when Dr. Claggert being elected Bishop of Maryland, and there being three bishops in the country of the Anglican line exclusive of Dr. Seabury, the Bishop of New York withdrew his objections as far as to allow Dr. Seabury to make a fourth.该联盟，不过，终于凝成的1792年，当博士claggert被选为主教马里兰州，并有三名主教，在该国的英国圣公会线独家博士seabury ，这位主教的纽约撤回了他的反对意见，据让博士seabury作第四名。 If Dr. Seabury had not been invited to take part in the consecration of Dr. Claggert, a schism between Connecticut an the rest of the country would have been the immediate result.如果博士seabury没有被邀请参加在consecration博士claggert ，裂之间的康涅狄格州的一个，其余的国家将被立即的结果。
III.三。 THE THREE PARTIES OF EPISCOPALIANS三党的episcopalians
Almost from the very beginning of its independent life, the tendencies which have shown themselves in the three parties in the Episcopal Church of the present day were not only evident, but were even embodied in the members of the Episcopate.几乎从一开始就对自己的独立生活中，倾向，其中所表现出在这三个政党在圣公会的现今不仅是显而易见的，但更体现在大家的主教。
Bishop Provost, of New York, represented the rationalistic temper of the eighteenth century, which has eventuated in what is called the Broad Church Party.主教provost ，新的纽约，代表了理性主义的脾气，十八世纪，它已eventuated在什么是所谓的广大教会党。
Bishop White represented the Evangelical Party, with its belief in the desirability rather than the necessity of Apostolic succession and its desire to fraternize as nearly as possible with the other progeny of the Reformation.主教白色代表着党的福音，它的信仰是在可取性，而非必要性的使徒继承和愿望fraternize由于接近尽可能与其他子代的改革。 Bishop Seabury, on the other hand, represented the traditional High Church position, intellectual rather than emotional, and laying more stress upon the outward ecclesiastical organization of the Church than upon emotional religion.主教seabury ，在另一方面，代表了传统的高教会的立场，智力，而不是情绪化，并更注重后离港教会组织的教会比后，情绪宗教。
High Church Party高教会党
This school has played a very important part in the history of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States; and, while it was undoubtedly influenced to a large extent by the Oxford Movement, it was existent and energetic long before 1833.这个学校起到了非常重要的一部分，在历史上的新教圣公会设在美国，而这是毫无疑问的影响，在相当大程度上是由牛津运动，它是存在的，充满朝气，只要前1833年。 Indeed, in the twenties Bishop Hobart was already presenting that type of evangelical piety, united with high sacramental ideas, which has been the principal characteristic of the party ever since.的确，在上世纪二十年代主教霍巴特已经呈现这种类型的传播福音的虔诚，与高圣的想法，这一直是主要特征的党至今。
The Oxford Movement, however, was not without its influence, and as early as 1843 the disputes between the extreme High Churchmen and the rest of the Episcopal Church had reached a condition of such acerbity that when the Rev. Arthur Cary, in his examination for orders, avowed the principles of "Tract 90" -- and in spite of that fact was not refused ordination -- the controversy broke out into an open war.牛津运动，不过，这也不是没有它的影响力，早在1843年之间的纷争极端高牧师和其余的圣公会曾达成一项条件的，如acerbity当牧师亚瑟卡里，在他的考试订单，公开的原则， "道90 " -尽管这一事实并没有拒绝统筹-争议爆发成公开的战争。 The Bishop of Philadelphia, Dr. Onderdonk, was suspended from his office on a charge of drunkenness, the real reason being his sympathy with High Churchmen; and his dispossession was so unjust that it was declared by the famous legal authority, Horace Binney, to be absolutely illegal.主教76人，博士德东克被停职从他的办公室一负责人醉酒，真正的原因是他的同情与高牧师和他的占有权是如此不公正的，它被宣布由著名法律权威，贺拉斯binney ，绝对非法的。 He was not, however, restored to the exercise of his functions for more than ten years.他不是，不过，要恢复行使其职能，为10年以上。 His brother bishop of New York fared even worse.他的弟弟主教纽约的表现更差。 Charges of immorality were preferred against him, and he was suspended from his office for the rest of his life, despite the fact that the vast majority of his fellow-citizens, whether they belonged to his communion or not, firmly believed in his innocence.收费的不道德行为被推荐反对他，他也被中止了他的办公室，其余的他的生命，尽管事实上，绝大多数的他的同胞公民，无论他们属于他的共融与否，坚信自己无罪。 An attempt, however, to suspend a third bishop of High Church views, the father of the late Monsignor Doane, failed after he had been presented four times.尝试，但暂停三分之一的主教高教会的意见后，父亲已故主教的作品，失败后，他已提交了4次。 Bishop Doane, not only by his unrivalled diplomatic skill, but by the goodness and probity of his life, made an ecclesiastical trial impossible.主教的作品，而不是只由他的其他地方无可比拟的外交技巧，而是由善良和正直的他的一生，做出了教会的审判是不可能的。
In 1852 the Bishop of North Carolina, Dr. Ives, resigned his position in the Episcopal Church and submitted to the Apostolic See, and he was followed into the Catholic Church by a considerable number, both of clergymen and laymen. 1852年主教的北卡罗莱纳州，博士艾夫斯辞职，他的立场在圣公会，并提交给使徒有目共睹的，他随后进入天主教教会，由相当数量的，这两个基督教广大教牧人员和外行。 His secession drew out of the Episcopal Church all those of distinctly Roman sympathies, but the High Church Party lived on, grown, and in some degrees prospering, in spite of hostile legislation, while in course of time a pro-Roman party sprang up again.他的分裂国家拔出的主教教堂所有的显着罗马的同情，但高级教会党的生活，成长，在某些程度上欣欣向荣，尽管敌对的立法，而在过程中的时间，一个亲罗马党摆出来，又。 After the passing of the open-pulpit canon in the General Convention of 1907, some twenty clergymen and a large number of the laity submitted to the Catholic Church.通过后，开放式的讲坛佳能在一般公约的1907年，约20个基督教广大教牧人员和大批俗人提交给天主教会。
Evangelical Party党的福音
On the other hand, the extreme Evangelical Party, disturbed by the growth of ritualism, and unable to drive out High Churchmen in any large numbers, themselves seceded from the Protestant Episcopal Church in 1873, and formed what is known as the Reformed Episcopal Church.另一方面，关于极端基督教党，不安的成长礼，并不能赶高牧师在任何大规模的号码，自己退出新教圣公会在1873年，并形成了什么是被称为改革后圣公会。 Unlike many of the Protestant bodies, the Episcopal Church was not permanently disrupted by the Civil War, for with the collapse of the Confederacy the separate organization of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the Confederate States ceased.不像许多新教团体，圣公会没有永久受内战，为与崩溃的邦联单独组织的新教圣公会在邦联国家停止。
Broad Church Party广泛教会党
The Broad Church party, however, have remained in the Protestant Episcopal Church, and of late years have seriously affected its attitude towards such subjects as higher criticism and the necessity of episcopal ordination.广大教会党，但仍留在新教圣公会，晚几年，已经严重影响了它的态度等不同科目更高的批评和必要的主教。 The most outspoken advocates of this school, who in their conclusions differed little or not at all from the extreme modernists, have not been able seriously to alter the teaching of the Episcopal Church upon such fundamental truths as the Trinity and Incarnation; and in a few cases the High Church Party and the Evangelical, by combining, have been strong enough to exclude them from the Episcopal Church.最敢言的倡导者的这所学校，他们在他们的结论不同，很少或没有这回事，从极端现代派，也未能认真改变教学的主教教堂后，这样的基本道理，因为三一和化身，而且在数案件高教会党和福音事工促进会，通过结合，已经足以排除他们从圣公会。 The party, however, is gaining strength; its clergymen are men of intellect and vigour, and the laity who support the party are in the main people of large means.党，不过，是获得力量，它的神职人员都是男性的智慧和魄力，与俗人，他们拥护党，是在主体人的大手段。 To it the future of Anglicanism belongs more than to any other school of thought within the Anglican body.它的前途anglicanism属于以上任何其他学校的思路与圣公会机构。
IV.四。 STATISTICS统计
In 1907, the Protestant Episcopal Church of the United States of America possessed a hierarch of 5413 clergy, 438 candidates for orders, and 946,252 communicants. 1907年，新教圣公会的美利坚合众国拥有教主的5413神职人员， 438个候选命令， 946252者。 These communicants should be multiplied at least three times in order to give an idea of the adherents of the Protestant Episcopal Church.这些communicants应乘以至少3倍，为了让一个想法的遗民新教圣公会。 It possessed nine colleges and universities and fifteen theological seminaries.它拥有9个高校和15所神学院的神学。
Publication information Written by Sigourney W. Fay.出版信息写sigourney小fay 。 Transcribed by Bryan R. Johnson.转录由布莱恩传译约翰逊。 The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume XII.天主教百科全书，体积十二。 Published 1911. 1911年出版。 New York: Robert Appleton Company.纽约：罗伯特Appleton还公司。 Nihil Obstat, June 1, 1911. nihil obstat ， 1911年6月1日。 Remy Lafort, STD, Censor.人头马lafort ，性病，检查员。 Imprimatur. imprimatur 。 +John Cardinal Farley, Archbishop of New York +约翰farley枢机主教，大主教纽约
Bibliography参考书目
TIFFANY, Hist.蒂芬尼， 250 。 of the Prot.该质子。 Episc. episc 。 Church in the US of America, in American Church History Series, VII (New York, 1907); McCONNEL, Hist.教会在美国的美洲，在美国教会的历史系列，第七章（纽约， 1907年） ;麦克考耐，历史。 of the Am.该分结束。 Ep.的EP 。 Church from the Planting of the Colonies to the End of the Civil War (New York, 1890); WHITE, Memoirs of the Prot.教会从种植的殖民地，到去年底，内战（纽约， 1890年） ;白纸，在回忆录中的质子。 Ep.的EP 。 Church in the US (New York, 1880); COLEMAN.教会在美国（纽约， 1880年） ;科尔曼。 The Church in America (New York, 1895).教会在美国（纽约， 1895年） 。
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