Christian Science is a religion emphasizing divine healing as practiced by Jesus Christ; its tenets were formulated by Mary Baker Eddy.基督教科学也是一种宗教，强调神的愈合，因为练的耶稣基督，其原理制订的玛丽贝克涡流。 In 1879, Eddy founded the Church of Christ, Scientist, with its headquarters in Boston.在1879年，方正成立了基督的教会科学家，其总部设在波士顿。 Today it has about 3,000 branch churches, societies, and college organizations in more than 50 countries.今天它拥有大约3000名科教会，社团，大学组织在50多个国家。 While the branches are democratic in government, they all conform to the rules laid down in the Manual of The Mother Church (1895) by Eddy.而支部是民主政府，他们都符合规则规定的在手册中的母教堂（ 1895年）由涡。
Sunday services consist mainly of readings from the Bible and Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures (1906), the textbook of Christian Science written by Mary Baker Eddy.周日服务，主要由读数从圣经和科学健康的关键念经（ 1906年） ，该书的基督教科学书面玛丽贝克涡流。 Wednesday meetings include testimonies of healing from the congregation.周三的会议包括证词的愈合，由众。 The church has no ordained clergy.教会并没有受戒的神职人员。 Readers, both men and women, are elected from the membership to conduct the services.读者，不论男性或女性，都是由选举产生的会员进行服务。 Practitioners, also both men and women, devote full time to the work of spiritual healing.从业人员，也不论男性或女性，投入充分的时间来的工作精神愈合。
Christian Science teaches that God and his spiritual creation are the only realities.基督教科学教导我们，上帝和他的精神创造，是唯一的现实。 God is regarded as infinite Life, Truth, Spirit, Mind, and Principle.上帝被视为是无限的生命，真理，精神，心灵和原则。 The material world, with all its suffering, strife, and death, is considered to be a misconception or distorted view of the divine universe.物质世界，其所有的痛苦，争斗和死亡，被认为是一个错误的观念，甚至是扭曲的看法神圣的宇宙。 Christian Science claims to prove through the healing of disease and other difficulties that the understanding of God and his spiritual creation is as effective now as it was in Jesus' time.基督教科学债权证明，通过愈合的疾病及其他困难的认识上帝和他的精神创造，是作为有效的，现在，因为它是在耶稣的时候。 Its adherents therefore rely on divine law in times of sickness instead of resorting to medical and other material means.其拥护者，因此靠神权法的时候，病而不诉诸医疗和其他物质手段。 The right of Christian Science parents to withhold medical treatment from their children has been challenged in court.正确的基督教科学家长不给治病，从他们的子女已经向法院提出质疑。
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Bibliography
参考书目
JC Cort,
Christian Scientism: An Informal History (1988); R Peel, Health and Medicine in
the Christian Science Tradition (1988).时三十分皮质醇，基督教科学主义：一个非正式的历史（ 1988
）与r果皮，保健和医药基督教科学传统（ 1988 ） 。
Mary Baker Eddy, b.玛丽贝克涡流，乙 Bow, NH, July 16, 1821, d.弓新罕布什尔州， 1821年7月16日，四 Dec. 3, 1910, was an American religious leader and the founder of Christian Science. 1910年12月3日，是美国宗教领袖和创始人，基督教科学。 She was also the author of the Christian Science textbook, Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures.她还对作者的基督教科学教科书，科学和健康的关键念经。 Her delicate health prevented her from attending school regularly, but her family provided private tutoring.她微妙的健康她无法上学，定期的，但她的家人提供的私人辅导。 Her childhood was also strongly marked by prayer and Bible reading.她的童年是又极力为标志的祈祷和读经。
During her early adult years she was twice married and suffered increasing invalidism.在她早期的成人来，她先后两次结婚，并受到越来越多invalidism 。 In 1866, however, her life took a radically new turn.在1866年，然而，她的生活中采取了从根本上出现新的转机。 After sustaining a severe injury through a fall, she asked for her Bible and read a Gospel account of one of Jesus' healings.经过持续严重损伤通过一个秋天，她问她的圣经，并宣读了一份福音帐户之一的耶稣的愈合。 While she was reading, she believed that she had an insight into the method by which Jesus Christ healed; at that moment she felt herself restored to health.虽然她读的，她相信她有洞察到采用何种方法耶稣基督愈合;在那一刻，她感觉自己恢复了健康。
She made an intensive study of the Bible for 3 years after her cure and came to the belief that she was able not only to heal the sick herself but also to teach others to heal as well.她作出了一个密集的研究圣经，为三年后，她的治疗和前来相信，她不仅能够医治病人自己，但也教导别人愈合等。 She held that all sickness was mental rather than physical and recorded the laws of God as she had discerned them in Science and Health (1875).她认为所有疾病，是精神而不是体能和备案的法律上帝，因为她已察觉到他们在科学和医疗保健（ 1875 ） 。 This book contains a full statement of what she called Christian Science.这本书包含了全面的声明，她什么所谓基督教科学。 She later published 16 other books, including Retrospection and Introspection (1891), which tells of her own experience of discovering, practicing, and teaching the science of Christian healing.后来她出版了16名其他书籍，其中包括回顾与反思（ 1891 ） ，其中讲述了她自己的经验发现，实践和教学的科学基督教愈合。
In 1877 she married Asa Gilbert Eddy, an active Christian Scientist.在1877年她嫁给ASA的吉尔伯特，方正，积极基督教科学家。 Two years later Mrs. Eddy founded the Church of Christ, Scientist, whose organization she oversaw closely until her death.两年后，谭涡创立了基督的教会科学家，他们的组织，她主持密切，直至她的死因。 She also established (1908) the Christian Science Monitor.她还成立（ 1908年）基督教科学箴言报。 Christian Scientists today continue to acknowledge her as their leader and founder.基督教科学家今天继续承认，她为他们的领袖和创始人。
Bibliography
参考书目
E Dakin, Mrs.
Eddy (1929); R Peel, Mary Baker Eddy: The Years of Discovery (1966), Mary Baker
Eddy: The Years of Trial (1971), and Mary Baker Eddy: The Years of Authority
(1977). e dakin夫人涡（ 1929 ）与r果皮，玛丽贝克涡：多年的发现（ 1966 ） ，玛丽贝克涡：多年的审判（ 1971 ）
，和玛丽贝克涡：多年的权威（ 1977 ） 。
The Church of Christ, Scientist is an organization founded by Mary Baker Eddy in an effort to reinstate primitive Christianity and its lost element of healing.基督的教会科学家，是一个组织，成立由玛丽贝克方正在努力恢复原始基督教和其失去的元素愈合。 In 1876 Eddy formed the Christian Scientists Association and three years later chartered the Church of Christ, Scientist.在1876年，方正形成了基督教科学家协会，并在3年后渣打基督的教会科学家。 The church was reorganized into its present form in 1892.教堂改建为目前的形式于1892年。 The First Church of Christ, Scientist of Boston is known as the mother church, and other Christian Science churches are considered branches, although each is independently governed.第一基督的教会科学家波士顿被称为母亲教会，和其他基督教科学教会被认为是党支部，尽管每个独立的管治。 The tenets and bylaws of the church were incorporated by Eddy into the church manual of 1895.该原理和章程的教会被纳入由涡进入教堂手册1895年。 The church's fundamental theological teachings are presented in Eddy's Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures.教会的基本教义神学介绍，方正的科学和健康的关键念经。
Theologically, the Church of Christ, Scientist, does not concur with the basic tenets of historic orthodox Christianity. theologically ，基督的教会，科学家，不同意的基本原理，历史正统基督教。 Although it uses the theological vocabulary of traditional Christianity, it assigns metaphysical meanings to the terms.虽然它使用的神学词汇的传统基督教，它会委派形而上意义的条款。 The sources of authority for the church are the Bible and Eddy's writings.消息来源的权力，为教会圣经和涡的著作。 Members accept Eddy's writings as divine revelation and interpret the Bible allegorically through her works.大家接受涡的著作作为神圣启示和解释圣经allegorically透过她的作品。 The most significant authority for the church is Science and Health, which was published in 1875 and regularly revised until Eddy's death in 1910.最显着的权威，为教会是科学和医疗保健，这是出版于1875年，并定期修订，直到涡的去世于1910年。 Eddy referred to this volume as containing the perfect word of God, and thus was divine and infallible teaching.涡提到这卷含有完美的上帝的话，因此是神圣和犯错的教学。
Christian Science's view of God is monistic.基督教科学的观点，上帝是monistic 。 God is divine principle, not a supreme being God is mind, and mind is all.上帝是神圣的原则，而不是一个最高神，是心灵和精神的一切。 Nothing possesses reality or exists which is not mind.任何具有现实还是存在，这是不介意。 The characteristics and attributes of God become God.特点和属性的上帝成为上帝。 The Trinity is constituted by the threefold nature of divine principle (God): life, truth, and love.三位一体，是由三重性质的神圣原则（神） ：生命，真理和爱。
God, Christ, and Holy Spirit are not persons.上帝，基督，圣灵不是人。 The Christology of Christian Science denies a physical incarnation of Christ and insists Mary conceived Christ only as a spiritual idea.该christology基督教科学不承认身体的化身，耶稣和玛丽坚持构思基督只作为一种精神理念。 Since God is mind and spirit, and nothing exists which is not spirit, there can be no matter or flesh; these are only illusions.因为上帝是心态和精神，并没有什么存在的，这是没有精神，便不会有问题，或果肉;这些只是幻想。 Thus Christ did not possess a body and did not die on a cross.因此，基督并不具备一个机构，没有死亡就在十字架上。 The need of an atonement is nullified since sin, evil, sickness, and death are delusions, not reality.需要一个赎罪的是废单，邪恶，疾病和死亡是幻想，而不是现实。 God is good, and nothing can exist which is not good.上帝是好的，并没有任何东西可以存在，这是不好的。 Christian Science teaches man is created in God's image as spirit, mind, and good; thus man is incapable of sin, sickness, and death.基督教科学教人创造了上帝的形象，精神，心理，收到了良好的，因此人是无法单，疾病和死亡。 Man is placed on a plane of equality with God in his origin, character, and eternity.男子放在飞机上的平等与上帝在他的出身，性格，与永恒。 The metaphysical presuppositions of the church insist that heaven and hell are present states of man's thoughts, not real future dwelling places.形而上预设的教会坚持认为，天堂与地狱，是目前各国人的想法，而不是真正的未来的居住环境。
Christian Science church services are simple and uniform worldwide.基督教科学教会服务是简单划一。 They focus upon the uniform lesson - sermons which are read aloud from the Bible and Science and Health by readers elected from the congregation.他们集中后，统一的教训-说教，这是朗读，从圣经和科学健康的，由读者选出，由众。 There is no clergy or priesthood.有没有牧师或神父。 The sacraments are not special rites.圣礼，是不是特别的仪式。 Baptism means the spiritual purification of daily life and the Eucharist is silent spiritual communion with God.洗礼是指精神净化的日常生活和圣体圣事是无声的心灵与上帝。 No visible elements are used.没有有形要素使用。 Salvation to the Christian Scientist is the gaining of the understanding that man's life is wholly derived from God the Spirit, and is not mortal and material.得救的基督徒科学家是抬头的理解，即人的生命是完全来自上帝的精神，而不是凡人的材料。
PG
Chappell编号查
(Elwell Evangelical Dictionary)
（ Elwell宣布了福音字典）
Bibliography
参考书目
CS Braden,
Christian Science Today; EM Ramsay, Christian Science and Its Discoverer; LP
Powell, Christian Science, the Faith and Its Founder; R Peel, Christian Science:
Its Encounter with American Culture; ES Bates and JV Dittemore, Mrs. Eddy, the
Truth and the Tradition.政务司司长（ Braden
，基督教科学今天在拉姆齐，基督教科学及其发现者;脂蛋白鲍威尔，基督教科学，信仰和它的创始人与r果皮，基督教科学：其遭遇与美国文化;中文的Bates和JV
dittemore夫人，方正，真理和传统。
(1821-1910) （ 1821年至1910年）
Mary Baker Eddy was founder of the Church of Christ, Scientist, and author of its famous textbook, Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures.玛丽贝克涡流是创办人的基督的教会科学家，作家，其著名的教科书，科学和健康的关键念经。 Born Mary Morse Baker, she was reared in a devout Congregationalist home, but later rejected her parents' strict Calvinism.玛丽出生摩士贝克，她被饲养在一个虔诚congregationalist回家，但后来她拒绝了父母的严格加尔文。 Although her formal education was limited due to chronic ill health, she studied such subjects as natural science, moral philosophy, logic, Greek, and Hebrew under the tutelage of her brother, a Dartmouth graduate.虽然她的正规教育有限，由于慢性病患健康，她所研究的对象为自然科学，有道德，哲学，逻辑，希腊语，希伯来语，根据监护她的兄弟，达特茅斯毕业。 In 1843 she married George W. Glover, who died before the birth of their first child.在1843年她嫁给乔治W格洛弗，死于出生之前，他们的第一个孩子。 Her second marriage, to David Patterson (1853), ended in divorce.她的第二次婚姻，以大卫帕特森（ 1853年） ，以离婚收场。 In 1877 at age fifty-six she married one of her first Christian Science students, Asa Gilbert Eddy.在1877年，在年龄56她嫁给一个她的第一基督教科学专业的学生， ASA的吉尔伯特涡。
Suffering poor health throughout most of her life, Mary was preoccupied with questions of health.苦难健康欠佳，大部分时间她的生命，玛丽忙于与问题的健康。 In search of healing she submitted herself to the metaphysical teachings of Phineas P. Quimby and was healed.在搜索的愈合，她提交了自己形而上的遗训菲尼亚斯页quimby被治愈。 Suffering a serious fall in 1866, she was healed by reading the Bible and practicing metaphysical principles.患有严重下降，在1866年，她被抚平通过阅读圣经和实践形而上的原则。 She regarded that incident as the discovery of Christian Science.她认为，这件事，由于从发现的基督教科学。 Her metaphysical system gradually evolved and was published as Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures in 1875.她的形而上学体系的逐步形成，并刊登于科学和健康的关键念经于1875年。 Although her followers consider this work as divinely inspired, her critics contend that it is deeply indebted to the works of Francis Lieber and Quimby.虽然她的追随者考虑这项工作作为神圣的，她的批评者争辩说，这是深为感激的作品弗朗西斯利伯和quimby 。 The following year she founded the Christian Scientist Association, which three years later became the Church of Christ, Scientist.次年，她创立了基督教科学协会，其中3年后，成为基督的教会科学家。
Eddy's theological position has little in common with historic orthodox Christianity.涡的神学立场已没有什么共同之处，与历史正统基督教。 It is entirely built upon a metaphysical base.这完全是建立在一个形而上学的基础。 She uses the theological vocabulary of traditional Christianity but substitutes metaphysical meanings for the terms.她用神学词汇的传统基督教，但代用品形而上意义的条款。 For her, God is "All-in-All"; he is mind; he is the divine principle of all existence, not a person.对她来说，上帝是"全能型，在所有情况" ，他是考虑到他是神的原则，所有的存在，而不是一个人。 As the only cause of existence, God is reality and nothing apart from him can be real.作为唯一的原因，存在的，神是现实无关，除了他，可真实的。 Since God is Spirit and is All, matter cannot exist.因为上帝是精神，是一切，无论就不能存在。 Since all reality is divine and God is good, all reality is good.因为所有的现实是神与神的是好的，所有的现实情况是好的。 There cannot exist evil, sin, sickness, or death.有不能存在邪恶，罪恶，疾病，甚至导致死亡。 Imperfections of every sort are illusory and unreal, delusions of the carnal mind.不完善的，每类都是虚幻和不真实的，幻想的肉欲的心。
The Trinity is defined by Eddy as the principles of life, truth, and love.三位一体的定义是由涡为处世原则，真理，爱。 The historic view of three persons in one Godhead is labeled heathen.历史鉴于3人，在一个神的源头是标记异教徒。 Christ is not considered a person but rather the true idea of God, and his death or resurrection could not have occurred since evil and sin have no existence.基督是没有考虑到一个人，而是真正的上帝观，和他的死亡或复活本来不会发生以来，邪恶和罪过都没有存在的。
Eddy's major writings include The People's Idea of God (1886), her autobiography Retrospection and Introspection (1891), Unity of Good (1891), Manual of the Mother Church (1895), and Miscellaneous Writings (1896).方正的主要著作包括人的上帝观（ 1886年） ，她的自传回顾与反思（ 1891 ） ，团结协作的良好（ 1891年） ，手动的母教堂（ 1895年） ，以及杂项著作（ 1896 ） 。
PG
Chappell编号查
(Elwell Evangelical Dictionary)
（ Elwell宣布了福音字典）
Bibliography
参考书目
S. Wilbur, Life
of Mary Baker Eddy; R. Peel, Mary Baker Eddy: The Years of Discovery; EM Ramsey,
Christian Science and Its Discoverer; C. Smith, Historical Sketches from the
Life of Mary Baker Eddy; W. Martin, The Christian Science Myth; MF Bednarowski,
"Outside the Mainstream: Women's Religion and Women Religious Leaders," JAAR
48:207-31.第威尔伯，生命的玛丽贝克涡流;传译果皮，玛丽贝克涡：多年的发现;屋村拉姆齐，基督教科学及其发现者; C
-史密斯，历史写生，从生活中的玛丽贝克涡流;总统马丁基督教科学神话;中频bednarowski ， "主流之外的：妇女的宗教和妇女的宗教领袖， " jaar
48:207-31 。
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