| BELIEVE 相信 Religious 宗教 Information 资讯 Source 源 web-site 网址： |
| Our List of 1,000 Religious Subjects 我们所列出的1000名宗教科目 |
| E-mail 电子邮箱 |
Sinaiticus codex, usually designated by the first letter of the Hebrew alphabet, is one of the most valuable of ancient MSS of the Greek New Testament. sinaiticus食品法典委员会，通常是指定的第一个字母，希伯莱字母，是一个最有价值的古代和支助的，希腊新约圣经。 On the occasion of a third visit to the convent of St. Catherine, on Mount Sinai, in 1859, it was discovered by Dr. Tischendorf.在纪念第三次访问修道院的圣凯瑟琳，在西奈山，在1859年，人们发现，由医生替申多夫。 He had on a previous visit in 1844 obtained forty-three parchment leaves of the LXX, which he deposited in the university library of Leipsic, under the title of the Codex Frederico-Augustanus, after his royal patron the king of Saxony.他对上次访华在1844年获得了43羊皮纸叶片的lxx ，而他存放在大学图书馆的leipsic标题下的食品法典委员会frederico - augustanus后，他的皇家赞助人，国王的萨克森州。 In the year referred to (1859) the emperor of Russia sent him to prosecute his search for MSS, which he was convinced were still to be found in the Sinai convent.在去年提到的（ 1859年）皇帝的俄罗斯送他到起诉他的搜索和支助，而他深信，仍有待发现在西奈修道院。
The story of his finding the manuscript of the New Testament has all the interest of a romance.故事中，他找到了手稿的新约圣经已全部利息的爱情。 He reached the convent on 31st January; but his inquiries appeared to be fruitless.他游到修道院于1月31日，但他的调查似乎是徒劳的。 On the 4th February he had resolved to return home without having gained his object.于2月4日，他曾表示决心回国，没有分清了他的反对。 "On that day, when walking with the provisor of the convent, he spoke with much regret of his ill-success. Returning from their promenade, Tischendorf accompanied the monk to his room, and there had displayed to him what his companion called a copy of the LXX, which he, the ghostly brother, owned. The MS was wrapped up in a piece of cloth, and on its being unrolled, to the surprise and delight of the critic the very document presented itself which he had given up all hope of seeing. "这一天，走路时与provisor的修道院，他以十分遗憾的，他虐待成功。归还从他们的长廊，提申多夫陪同僧人到他的房间，并有充分展示了他的是什么，他的同伴称为副本该lxx ，而他，模样古怪的弟弟，国有，该女士被包裹在一块布，并就其被unrolled ，向惊讶和高兴的影评人非常的文件本身，他已经放弃了所有的希望看到。
His object had been to complete the fragmentary LXX of 1844, which he had declared to be the most ancient of all Greek codices on vellum that are extant; but he found not only that, but a copy of the Greek New Testament attached, of the same age, and perfectly complete, not wanting a single page or paragraph." This precious fragment, after some negotiations, he obtained possession of, and conveyed it to the Emperor Alexander, who fully appreciated its importance, and caused it to be published as nearly as possible in facsimile, so as to exhibit correctly the ancient handwriting.他的对象已完成零碎lxx的1844年，他被宣布为最古老的所有希腊语codices对vellum这是现存的，但他发现，不仅如此，但一本希腊新约圣经的重视，对同样的年龄，并完善了，不想了单页或段" ，这珍贵的片段，经过一番谈判中，他得到了藏，并转达给皇帝亚历山大，他们充分认识到它的重要性，并造成它被刊登近尽可能传真机等，以正确展出古代的笔迹。
The entire codex consists of 346 1/2 folios.整个食品法典委员会的组成346 1 / 2 folios 。 Of these 199 belong to the Old Testament and 147 1/2 to the New, along with two ancient documents called the Epistle of Barnabas and the Shepherd of Hermas.这199个属于旧约和147 1 / 2至新的，再加上两个古老的文件称为坟墓的石碑和牧羊人的hermas 。 The books of the New Testament stand thus:, the four Gospels, the epistles of Paul, the Acts of the Apostles, the Catholic Epistles, the Apocalypse of John.本书的新约圣经的立场，因此：中， 4位福音，教会中的保罗，行为的使徒，天主教教会中，启示约翰。
It is shown by Tischendorf that this codex was written in the fourth century, and is thus of about the same age as the Vatican codex; but while the latter wants the greater part of Matthew and sundry leaves here and there besides, the Sinaiticus is the only copy of the New Testament in uncial characters which is complete.这是所表现出的提申多夫说，这个法典写于四世纪，因此，这是大约相同年龄，由于梵蒂冈法典，但后者则想大部份的马修和杂叶这里或那里此外， sinaiticus是只是拷贝的新约圣经，在uncial字，就完成了。 Thus it is the oldest extant MS copy of the New Testament.因此，它是最古老的现存女士拷贝的新约圣经。 Both the Vatican and the Sinai codices were probably written in Egypt.无论是梵蒂冈和西奈codices大概写在埃及。
(Easton Illustrated Dictionary) （伊斯顿说明字典）
This Codex is commonly referred to by the Hebrew character Aleph , though Swete and a few other scholars use the letter S .这项法典是普遍被称为由希伯来语性格aleph ，虽然swete和其他一些学者使用字母s 。
A Greek manuscript of the Old and New Testaments, of the greatest antiquity and value; found on Mount Sinai, in St. Catherine's Monastery, by Constantine Tischendorf.一名希腊手稿旧约及新约，最大的古物和价值;发现在西奈山，在圣凯瑟琳修道院，由君士坦丁提申多夫。 He was visiting there in 1844, under the patronage of Frederick Augustus, King of Saxony, when he discovered in a rubbish basket forty-three leaves of the Septuagint, containing portions of I Par.他来访的还有在1844年的赞助下，冯奥古斯都，景萨克森州，当他发现一个垃圾篮43叶片的septuagint ，含有部分的I相提并论。 (Chron.), Jer., Neh., and Esther; he was permitted to take them. （ chron. ） ，陈哲， neh ，和Esther ，他被允许采取这些措施。 He also saw the books of Isaias and I and IV Machabees, belonging to the same codex as the fragments, but could not obtain possession of them; warning the monks of their value, he left for Europe and two years later published the leaves he had brought with him under the name of Codex Friderico-Augustanus, after his patron.他也看到了书籍的伊萨亚斯罗我和四machabees ，属于同一法典作为片段，但未能获得藏;警示僧人自己的价值，他离开家乡前往欧洲，并在两年后出版的树叶，他曾带着他的名义下，食品法典委员会friderico - augustanus后，他的靠山。 They are preserved at Leipzig.它们被保存在莱比锡。 On a second visit, in 1853, he found only two short fragments of Genesis (which he printed on his return) and could learn nothing of the rest of the codex.关于第二次访问，在1853年后，他发现只有短短两片段的成因（他印上他的回报） ，并可以学习无关的，其余的法典。 In 1859 he made a third visit, this time under the patronage of the Czar, Alexander II.在1859年他发表了第三次访华，这一次的赞助下，沙皇亚历山大二。 This visit seemed likewise fruitless when, on the eve of his departure, in a chance conversation with the steward, he learned of the existence of a manuscript there; when it was shown to him, he saw the very manuscript he had sought containing, beyond all his dreams, a great part of the Old Testament and the entire New Testament, besides the Epistle of Barnabas, and part of the "Shepherd" of Hermas, of which two works no copies in the original Greek were known to exist.这次访问似乎是同样毫无结果的时候，就前夕他离境时，在一个偶然的谈话与管家，他得知所存在的手稿有;播放的时候他，但他看到了非常手稿，他曾试图遏制，超越他的所有梦想，很大一部分是旧约和整个新约圣经，除了坟墓的石碑，以及部分的"牧羊人"的hermas ，其中两项工程，没有复制品，原希腊被称为存在。 Thinking it "a crime to sleep", Tischendorf spent the night copying Barnabas; he had to leave in the morning, after failing to persuade the monks to let him have the manuscript.思想，它说成是"犯罪睡觉" ，提申多夫度过夜晚复制巴纳巴斯，他不得不离开是在早上，失败后，以说服和尚，让他有这份手稿。 At Cairo he stopped at a monastery belonging to the same monks (they were of the Orthodox Greek Church) and succeeded in having the manuscript sent to him there for transcription; and finally, in obtaining it from the monks as a present to the Czar, Tischendorf's patron and the protector of their Church.在开罗，他停在一座修道院属于同一僧人（他们的希腊东正教教堂） ，并成功具有手稿送到他那里转录;最后，在获取，它从僧侣作为礼物给沙皇，蒂申多夫的靠山和保护他们的教堂。 Years later, in 1869, the Czar rewarded the two monasteries with gifts of money (7000 and 2000 roubles each) and decorations.年后，于1869年，沙皇奖励两个寺庙与所送的礼金（ 7000和2000卢布每架）和装饰品。 The manuscript is treasured in the Imperial Library at St. Petersburg.这份手稿是珍惜在帝国图书馆在圣彼得堡举行。 Tischendorf published an account of it in 1860; and, under the auspices of the czar, printed it in facsimile in 1862.蒂申多夫出版帐户的，它在1860年和主持下，沙皇，印刷，它在传真机在1862年。 Twenty-one lithographic plates made from photographs were included in this edition, which was issued in four volumes. 21平版板制成照片被包括在这一版，这是在发出四卷。 The following year he published a critical edition of the New Testament.翌年，他出版了一本批判版的新约圣经。 Finally, in 1867, he published additional fragments of Genesis and Numbers, which had been used to bind other volumes at St. Catherine's and had been discovered by the Archimandrite Porfirius.最后，在1867年，他发表了额外的片段成因及号码，其中已被用来约束其他各卷在圣凯瑟琳的，并已发现了由修士porfirius 。 On four different occasions, then, portions of the original manuscript have been discovered; they have never been published together in a single edition.在四个不同的场合，那么，部分原稿已被发现，他们从来没有发表共同在一个单一版本。
The Codex Sinaiticus, which originally must have contained the whole Old Testament, has suffered severely from mutilation, especially in the historical books from Genesis to Esdras (inclusive); the rest of the Old Testament fared much better.食品法典委员会sinaiticus ，原先必须有包含了整个旧约，已遭受到严重打击，从切割，特别是在历史书籍，从起源到埃斯德拉斯（含） ;其余的旧约好得多。 The fragments and books extant are: several verses from Gen., xxiii and xxiv, and from Num., v, vi, vii; I Par., ix, 27-xix, 17; Esdras, ix,9 to end; Nehemias, Esther, Tobias, Judith, Joel, Abdias, Jonas, Nahum, Habacuc, Sophonias, Aggeus, Zacharias, Malachias, Isaias, Jeremias, Lamentations, i, 1-ii, 20; I Machabees, IV Machabees (apocryphal, while the canonical II Machabees and the apocryphal III Machabees were never contained in this codex).碎片和书籍现存的是：几个小诗，从将军，二十三和二十四，从一名学士，五，六，七，我相提并论，九， 27 - 19条， 17条;埃斯德拉斯，第九， 9日至月底;内赫米亚斯，埃丝特，托比亚斯，朱迪思，约珥， abdias ，盟，结果公布， habacuc ， sophonias ， aggeus ，撒迦利亚，玛拉基亚亚，伊萨亚斯罗， jeremias ，悲叹，我， 1 - 2 ， 20 ，我machabees ，四machabees （猜测，而正二machabees和猜测三machabees从未载于本法典） 。 A curious occurrence is that Esdras, ix, 9 follows I Par., xix, 17 without any break; the note of a corrector shows that seven leaves of I Par.好奇的发生是埃斯德拉斯，第九，第9如下i相提并论， 19 ， 17 ，没有任何突破;注意到一种校正表明，七叶片的I相提并论。 were copied into the Book of Esdras, probably by a mistake in the binding of the manuscript from which Codex Sinaiticus was copied.被复制到这本书的埃斯德拉斯，很可能是由一个错误，在有约束力的手稿，其中从食品法典委员会sinaiticus被复制。 Our Esdras is called in this codex, as in many others, Esdras B. This may indicate that it followed Esdras A, as the book called by Jerome III Esdras (see ESDRAS) is named in ancient codices; the proof is by no means sure, however, as IV Machabees is here designated Machabees D, as was usual, although the second and third books of Machabees were absent from the manuscript.我们埃斯德拉斯是所谓在这个法典，正如在许多其他国家，埃斯德拉斯乙这可能表明，它遵循埃斯德拉斯，作为这本书的所谓由Jerome三埃斯德拉斯（见埃斯德拉斯）的名字命名，在古代codices ;证明绝非是肯定不过，由于四machabees是在这里指定machabees发展，如同以往一样，虽然第二次和第三次的帐簿machabees缺席手稿。 The New Testament is complete, likewise the Epistle of Barnabas; six leaves following Barnabas are lost, which probably also contained uncanonical literature: the "Shepherd" of Hermas is incomplete, and we cannot tell whether other works followed.新约圣经是完整的，同样，坟墓的石碑;六个叶片以下巴纳巴斯的失落，这可能也包含uncanonical文学： "牧羊人"的hermas是不完整的，我们无法得知是否有其他工程之后。 In all, there are 346 1/2 leaves.总之，有三四六一/ 2叶。 The order of the New Testament is to be noted, St. Paul's Epistles preceding Acts; Hebrews following II Thess.该命令的新约圣经，是必须指出的，圣保罗的书信前款行为;希伯来人以下二帖。 The manuscript is on good parchment; the pages measure about 15 inches by 13 1/2 inches; there are four columns to a page, except in the poetical books, which are written stichometrically in two columns of greater width; there are 48 lines to a column, but 47 in the Catholic Epistles.这份手稿是好的羊皮纸;页面措施约15英寸至13 1 / 2英寸，有四根柱子某页，除在诗歌书籍，其中有书面stichometrically在两栏的宽度更大，有48条线路一栏，但47在天主教教会中。 The four narrow columns give the page the appearance of an ancient roll; it is not impossible, as Kenyon says, that it was in fact copied from a papyrus roll.四个窄栏目，让网页出现一个古老的轧辊，它是不是不可能，因为肯扬说，它应该是在模仿，从纸莎草纸辊。 It is written in uncial characters, well formed, without accents or breathings, and with no punctuation except (at times) the apostrophe and the single point for a period.这是写在uncial字，以及形成的，没有口音或breathings ，没有标点符号除外（次）省略符号和单点一个时期。 Tischendorf judged that there were four hands engaged in the writing of the manuscript; in this he has been generally followed.蒂申多夫判断，有四手从事写作的手稿，在这方面他已普遍遵循的。 He has been less happy in obtaining acceptance of his conjecture that one of these scribes also wrote the New Testament of the Vatican Codex.他一直那么美好，在获得接受他的猜想之一，这些文士，也写下新约圣经的教廷法典。 He recognized seven correctors of the text, one of them contemporaneous with the writing of the manuscript.他承认七项校正的文字，其中一人，当期与写作的手稿。 The Ammonian Sections and the Eusebian Canons are indicated in the margin, probably by a contemporary hand; they seem to have been unknown to the scribe, however, who followed another division.该ammonian段及eusebian门炮都表示，在保证金，可能是由一个当代一方面，他们似乎已经陌生的文士，但是，世卫组织随后又点名表决。 The clerical errors are relatively not numerous, in Gregory's judgment.该笔误相对并不多，在格雷戈里的判决。
In age this manuscript ranks alongside the Codex Vaticanus.在这个年龄手稿队伍并肩法典vaticanus 。 Its antiquity is shown by the writing, by the four columns to a page (an indication, probably, of the transition from the roll to the codex form of manuscript.), by the absence of the large initial letters and of ornaments, by the rarity of punctuation, by the short titles of the books, the presence of divisions of the text antedating Eusebius, the addition of Barnabas and Hermas, etc. Such indications have induced experts to place it in the fourth century, along with Codex Vaticanus and some time before Codex Alexandrinus and Codex Ephræmi Rescriptus; this conclusion is not seriously questioned, though the possibility of an early fifth-century date is conceded.它是古代所表现出的撰写，由四根柱子某页（一个指标，大概的转变，从登记册上，以法典的形式手稿） ，如果没有大的首字母和饰物，由稀有的标点符号，由简称本书籍，在场的师文所填尤西比乌斯，除了石碑和hermas等，这种迹象引起了专家们把它摆在第四世纪，随着食品法典委员会vaticanus和一些时间才法典alexandrinus和食品法典委员会ephræmi rescriptus ;这个结论是不严肃质疑，但有可能是一个早期第五世纪日期是不能让步。 Its origin has been assigned to Rome, Southern Italy, Egypt, and Caesarea, but cannot be determined (Kenyon, Handbook to the Textual Criticism of the New Testament, London, 1901, p. 56 sqq.).它的起源已被分派到罗马，意大利南部，埃及和caesarea ，但尚不能确定（肯扬，手册向考据学的新约圣经，伦敦， 1901年，第56页sqq ） 。 It seems to have been at one time at Caesarea; one of the correctors (probably of seventh century) adds this note at the end of Esdras: "This codex was compared with a very ancient exemplar which had been corrected by the hand of the holy martyr Pamphilus [d. 309]; which exemplar contained at the end of the subscription in his own hand: `Taken and corrected according to the Hexapla of Origen: Antonius compared it: I, Pamphilus, corrected it'."它似乎一直在同一时间在caesarea ;之一的校正器（可能的第七世纪）的加入，这说明，在去年底埃斯德拉斯说： "这是法典相比，一个非常古老的典范，这已得到纠正，由手的圣地烈士pamphilus [四309 〕 ;表表者，其中载于去年底认购在他自己的手： `采取弥补和纠正的，根据该hexapla的渊源：安相比，它：我pamphilus ，更正"的说法。 Pamphilus was, with Eusebius, the founder of the library at Caesarea. pamphilus是，尤西比乌斯，创办的图书馆caesarea 。 Some are even inclined to regard Codex Sinaiticus as one of the fifty manuscripts which Constantine bade Eusebius of Caesarea to have prepared in 331 for the churches of Constantinople; but there is no sign of its having been at Constantinople.有些人甚至倾向认为法典sinaiticus作为其中的50本书稿，君士坦丁我省尤西比乌斯的caesarea已准备在331教会的君士坦丁堡;但是，没有迹象显示它已经在君士坦丁堡。 Nothing is known of its later history till its discovery by Tischendorf.没有人知道它的历史，后来到了发现，由蒂申多夫。 The text of Codex Sinaiticus bears a very close resemblance to that of Codex Vaticanus, though it cannot be descended from the same immediate ancestor.文典sinaiticus担负着非常密切的相似，即食品法典委员会vaticanus ，虽然它不能后裔，同时立即祖先。 In general, Codex Vaticanus is placed first in point of purity by contemporary scholars and Codex Sinaiticus next.一般来说，食品法典委员会vaticanus是放在第一点的纯洁性，由当代学者和食品法典委员会sinaiticus未来。 This is especially true, for the New Testament, of the Gospels.这一点尤其真实，为新约圣经的福音。 The differences are more frequent in the Old Testament where the codices Sinaiticus and Alexandrinus often agree.分歧更加频繁，在旧约那里codices sinaiticus和alexandrinus往往同意。
Publication information Written by John Francis Fenlon.出版信息书面约翰弗朗西斯fenlon 。 Transcribed by Sean Hyland.转录由Sean海仑。 The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume IV.天主教百科全书，第四卷。 Published 1908. 1908年出版。 New York: Robert Appleton Company.纽约：罗伯特Appleton还公司。 Nihil Obstat. nihil obstat 。 Remy Lafort, Censor.人头马lafort ，检查员。 Imprimatur. imprimatur 。 +John M. Farley, Archbishop of New York +约翰米farley ，大主教纽约
This subject presentation in the original English language这一主题演讲，在原有的英语
Send an e-mail question or comment to us: E-mail邮件发送问题或意见给我们： 电子邮箱
The main BELIEVE web-page (and the index to subjects) is at http://mb-soft.com/believe/beliecha.html主要相信网页（和索引科目） ，是在http://mb-soft.com/believe/beliecha.html