Forty
Martyrs第四十二烈士
Catholic
Information 天主教资讯
A party of
soldiers who suffered a cruel death for their faith, near Sebaste, in Lesser
Armenia, victims of the persecutions of Licinius, who, after the year 316,
persecuted the Christians of the East.一方的士兵，他们遭到了残酷的死刑，他们的信仰，近sebaste
，在较小的亚美尼亚，受害者的迫害李锡尼，谁后，今年316 ，迫害基督徒的东部地区。 The earliest account of their martyrdom
is given by St. Basil, Bishop of Caesarea (370-379), in a homily delivered on
the feast of the Forty Martyrs (Hom. xix in PG, XXXI, 507
sqq.).最早到他们的殉道是由于圣罗勒，主教caesarea （ 370-379 ） ，在讲道中发表了对节日第四十四烈士（
hom.十九，在编号，三十一， 507 sqq ） 。
The feast is consequently more ancient
than the episcopate of Basil, whose eulogy on them was pronounced only fifty or
sixty years after martyrdom, which is thus historic beyond a
doubt.这个节日是因此更古老，比主教的罗勒，其悼词对他们的宣判只有54或60年后，烈士的，这是历史性的，因此毫无疑问的。
According to St. Basil, forty soldiers
who had openly confessed themselves Christians were condemned by the prefect to
be exposed naked upon a frozen pond near Sebaste on a bitterly cold night, that
they might freeze to
death.据圣罗勒，第四十二士兵曾公开交代了自己的基督信徒被谴责的，由纪将赤身裸体暴露后，冰冻的池塘附近sebaste一个寒风凛冽晚上，他们可能冻结死刑。
Among the confessors, one yielded and,
leaving his companions, sought the warm baths near the lake which had been
prepared for any who might prove
inconstant.各师，一屈服，并离开他的同伴，寻求温暖浴池附近的湖泊，其中已准备为任何人如证明不一致。 One of the guards set to keep watch
over the martyrs beheld at this moment a supernatural brilliancy overshadowing
them and at once proclaimed himself a Christian, threw off his garments, and
placed himself beside the thirty-nine soldiers of
Christ.其中一个看守设置监视烈士们看到在这一刻神灵光芒掩盖他们立刻宣布自己是一个基督徒，义无返顾地脱下衣服，并放在自己的旁边39士兵的喊声。
Thus the number of forty remained
complete.因此，有多少四十依然完整。 At daybreak, the stiffened bodies of
the confessors, which still showed signs of life, were burned and the ashes cast
into a river.在拂晓，加筋机构的师，它仍然显示生命迹象，被烧毁和骨灰铸造成一条河。 The Christians, however, collected the
precious remains, and the relics were distributed throughout many cities; in
this way the veneration paid to the Forty Martyrs became widespread, and
numerous churches were erected in their
honour.基督徒，不过，收集了珍贵的仍是和遗迹已被分发给全国各地许多城市，在这样敬仰支付给第四十五烈士成了普遍，许多教堂被竖立在自己的荣誉。
One of them was built at Caesarea, in
Cappadocia, and it was in this church that St. Basil publicly delivered his
homily.他们一个是建在caesarea ，在Cappadocia的，而正是在这个教堂，圣罗勒，公开发表了他的讲道。 St. Gregory of Nyssa was a special
client of these holy martyrs.圣格雷戈里的nyssa是一种特殊的客户，这些神圣的殉道者。 Two discourses in praise of them,
preached by him in the church dedicated to them, are still preserved (PG, XLVI,
749 sqq., 773 sqq.) and upon the death of his parents, he laid them to rest
beside the relics of the confessors.两个话语歌颂他们，宣扬他在教堂专门对他们来说，仍保留公司（ PG
，四十六， 749 sqq ， 773 sqq ）及去世后，他的父母，他奠定了他们在旁边休息的遗物该confessors 。 St. Ephraem, the Syrian, has also
eulogized the forty Martyrs (Hymni in SS. 40 martyres).圣ephraem
，叙利亚，也歌颂了四十烈士（ hymni在晚上40点martyres ） 。 Sozomen, who was an eye-witness, has
left us (Hist. Eccl., IX, 2) an interesting account of the finding of the relics
in Constantinople through the instrumentality of the Empress Pulcheria.
sozomen ，谁是目击证人，已经离开了我们（ hist. eccl ，九， 2 ）一个有趣的帐户内发现的文物在君士坦丁堡通过工具性的慈禧pulcheria
。 Special devotion
to the forty martyrs of Sebaste was introduced at an early date into the
West.特别奉献第四十四烈士sebaste引入早日融入西方。 St. Gaudentius, Bishop of Brescia in
the beginning of the fifth century (d. about 410 or 427), received particles of
the ashes of martyrs during a voyage in the East, and placed them with other
relics in the altar of the basilica which he had erected, at the consecration of
which he delivered a discourse, still extant (PL, XX, 959 sqq.) Near the Church
of Santa Maria Antiqua, in the Roman Forum, built in the fifth century, a chapel
was found, built, like the church itself, on an ancient site, and consecrated to
the Forty Martyrs.圣gaudentius主教，布雷西亚在年初五世纪（四约410或427 ）
，收到颗粒骨灰的烈士，在航程中在东部地区，并把他们与其他文物，在祭坛上的大教堂，其中他曾架设，在consecration这期间，他发表了话语，仍尚存（特等，
XX条， 959 sqq ）附近的教堂Santa Maria antiqua
，在罗马广场，建于5世纪，一个小礼拜堂被发现，建像教会本身，对一个古老的网站，以及consecrated至第四十四烈士。 A picture, still preserved there,
dating from the sixth or seventh century, depicts the scene of the
martyrdom.图片，仍保存有始建于第六或第七世纪，描绘现场的殉道。 The names of the confessors, as we find
them also in later sources, were formerly inscribed on this
fresco.姓名的师，因为我们觉得他们也能在以后的消息人士透露，以前者这壁画。 Acts of these martyrs, written
subsequently, in Greek, Syriac and Latin, are yet extant, also a "Testament" of
the Forty
Martyrs.行为的这些烈士，书面随后，在希腊文，叙利亚文和拉丁文，但是现存的，又是一个"遗嘱"的第四十二烈士。 Their feast is celebrated in the Greek,
as well as in the Latin Church, on 9
March.他们的节日庆祝，在希腊语中，以及在拉丁美洲教会，于3月9日。
Publication
information Written by JP Kirsch.出版信息书面由JP基尔希。 Transcribed by Mary and Joseph P.
Thomas.转录由玛利亚和约瑟夫体育托马斯。 In memory of Father Joseph Paredom The
Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume VI.在记忆的父亲约瑟夫paredom天主教百科全书，第六卷。
Published 1909. 1909年出版。
New York: Robert Appleton
Company.纽约：罗伯特Appleton还公司。 Nihil Obstat, September 1, 1909.
nihil obstat ， 1909年9月1日。 Remy Lafort, Censor.人头马lafort
，检查员。 Imprimatur. imprimatur 。
+John M. Farley, Archbishop of New
York +约翰米farley ，大主教纽约
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