Many paintings of the Crucifixion of Jesus include the letters INRI somewhere on or near the Cross.很多画十字架上的耶稣，包括信件inri某处或附近交叉。 People often ask what that means.人们经常会问是什么意思。
The Bible actually tells us. Matthew 27:37 says that, on the Cross, over the head of Jesus, was a sign that said "This is Jesus the King of the Jews."圣经实际上告诉我们。 马修27:37说，在十字架上，有超过头部的耶稣，是一个迹象，即说， "这是耶稣国王的犹太人" 。 (KJAV) Mark 15:26 and John 19:19 say essentially the same thing. （ kjav ） 标志15:26和约翰说， 19时19分 ，基本上同样的事情。
Keep in mind that the Romans had crucified many thousands of people in the 70 years before the Crucifixion.请记住，罗马人钉在十字架上了成千上万的人在70年前，在十字架上。 They had established patterns for much of the procedure.它们已建立了模式，大部分的程序。 It was common for those who were about to be executed / crucified to be part of a procession, moving from the court in the city to the place of crucifixion outside of the city.它是常见的是那些即将被处死/钉在十字架上，以参加游行，由法院在城市的位置在十字架上地以外的城市。 As part of the procession, one of the guards commonly carried a sign that announced the crime that the person was condemned for.为配合这项游行，其中一个最常见的警卫进行了一个迹象公布的犯罪事实，该人已被谴责。 In the case of Jesus, no actual crime had been determined, so His official crime was in claiming to be the King of the Jews, even though He never actually made that claim.在案件耶稣，并没有实际的犯罪已经确定，所以他的犯罪的官方是在自称为国王的犹太人，尽管他从未真正提出索赔。
| BELIEVE 相信 Religious 宗教 Information 资讯 Source 源 web-site 网址： |
| Our List of 1,000 Religious Subjects 我们所列出的1000名宗教科目 |
| E-mail 电子邮箱 |
The painters who painted the Crucifixion worked more than a thousand years after the fact.该画家画十字架上的工作超过了一千多年后，与事实不符。 Therefore, they each had a substantial amount of artistic freedom in expressing the scene.因此，他们每人进行了大量的艺术自由地表达出现场。 At that time (the Middle Ages), all (Roman Catholic) Church Masses were conducted in Latin, and nearly everything associated with Christianity was written and spoken in Latin.在那个时候（中世纪） ，所有（罗马天主教）教会群众进行了拉丁语，而几乎一切与基督教的书面和口语在拉丁语。 VERY few books existed (before the printing press was invented) and only the Church and government normally had them, so virtually no people in a Congregation had any books, including the Bible.很少有书存在的话（前印刷机发明） ，只有教会和政府通常有他们，所以几乎没有人在聚集了任何书籍，包括圣经。 However, a number of Christian phrases WERE commonly known by the people, and one was Jesus' official crime, commonly referred to by four Latin words, IESVS NAZARENVS REX IVDAEORVM然而，一些基督教短语被俗称由人，其中一个是耶稣的官方犯罪，普遍被称为是由四个拉丁美洲换句话说， iesvs nazarenvs獭ivdaeorvm
Since anyone who would actually see the paintings of the Crucifixion in the Middle Ages (inside a Church) would then already be familiar with the phrase (in Latin), the painters all apparently chose to simplify their paintings by only including the initials of the four Latin words, INR I. The early Church had also apparently used that abbreviation.因为任何人会真正看到画的受难日在中世纪（内堂） ，然后将早已熟悉短语（拉丁语） ，画家都显然选择，以简化他们的绘画作品不仅包括英文缩写的四个拉丁语换句话说，印度卢比一，初期教会也显然是用过的缩写。
Luke 23:38 also mentions the sign on the Cross, and he mentions that the sign was written in three languages, Greek, Latin and Hebrew. 卢克23时38分还提到签署在十字架上，他提到，标志写于三种语文，希腊语，拉丁语和希伯来语。 Scholars then chose to follow the wording presented in John, as it is more complete by including the reference to Nazareth, and as it might be presenting the Latin version of the text on the Cross.学者则选择了后续的字眼在约翰，因为它是更完整的，由包括参考拿撒勒，因为这可能是介绍拉丁语文本在十字架上。 In all three languages the first word was Jesus, but since Greek and Hebrew don't use the letter J, His Name was spelled beginning with an I .在所有三种语文的第一个字是耶稣，但由于希腊文和希伯来不要使用信J以来，他的名字被拼写开始与一个I 。 The Roman (Latin) spelling followed that, ( IESVS ) even though their language included a J. The second word represented Nazareth, or Nazarene, N .罗马（拉丁）拼写接着说， （ iesvs ） ，尽管他们的语言包括了J的第二个字所代表的拿撒勒，或拿撒勒， 氮 。 The third word represented king, which in Latin ( REX ) begins with an R .第三个字所代表的国王，而在拉丁语（ 獭 ） ，始于一个R 。 The fourth word represented Jews, ( IVDAEORVM ) again spelled beginning with an I .第四个字所代表的犹太人， （ ivdaeorvm ）再次阐明从一个I 。 You can see that the INRI then says "Jesus Nazareth King Jews".你看现在这个inri然后说： "耶稣拿撒勒国王犹太人" 。
So the actual Latin words were: Iesvs Nazarenvs Rex Ivdaeorvm.因此，实际拉话： iesvs nazarenvs獭ivdaeorvm 。 Latin did not include a 'u' and 'v's appear where we would read 'u's.拉丁语并不包括' u '的' V的出现，我们会读' u的。
In Greek, the four actual words were: Iesous Nazoraios Basileus Ioudaios在希腊语中， 4位原话是： iesous nazoraios basileus ioudaios
There does not presently seem to be solid documentation for the precise Hebrew text.虽然目前没有，目前看来是坚实文件的确切希伯来文。 Opinions exist on what the wording was, but they vary.意见存在，就什么措词，但他们各有不同。 Modern Hebrew is somewhat different from the Hebrew that was used in the time of Jesus, so a modern back-translation would probably be close but possibly not precise.现代希伯来语是有所不同的希伯来文，这是在用的时候，耶稣，使一个现代化的后勤翻译可能会被关闭，但可能并不确切。
The wording of the Latin seems solid due to the fairly early creation of the Vulgate (Latin) Bible by Saint Jerome.措辞的拉美似乎固体由于比较早开设的vulgate （拉丁语系）的圣经圣杰罗姆。 The wording of the Greek seems solid due to the New Testament Books all having originally been written in Greek, and those texts were used as the sources for the translations into several languages of Bibles (which still exist), so comparison should assure accuracy of the original wording.措辞希腊似乎固体由于新约圣经的书籍都有原本被写在希腊语，这些文本被用来作为消息来源，为翻译成几种语言的圣经， （其中仍存在） ，所以比较应保证精确的原来的写法。
Most Christians make an incorrect assumption that modern English translations are therefore inerrant.大多数基督徒作出不正确假设，即现代英语翻译，因此inerrant 。 They are not, even though their various translators make enormous efforts to try to make them inerrant.他们不是，即使他们的各种翻译作出了巨大的努力，试图使他们inerrant 。
There are several reasons for this.有几个原因。 In both the case of the Old Testament and the New Testament, the contents of many of the Books were originally passed down from generation to generation VERBALLY.在这两个案件的旧约和新约圣经的内容，很多的书籍原本传下来的，一代又一代口头上。 Most people of the time were illiterate, but books as we know them were extremely rare anyway.大多数人的时间是文盲，但书籍，因为我们知道他们都是极为罕见的。 Virtually no one other than governments and wealthy people had any.几乎没有人以外的其他国家政府和有钱的人有什么。 Keep in mind that a "book" had to be created in a very difficult way.紧记一个"书"了，必须创造一个非常困难的办法。 The papyrus or parchment had to first be created, along with the ink.纸莎草纸或羊皮纸必须先创造，随墨水。 Then a person had to copy an existing book, letter by letter, to create a new book.然后一个人复制一个现有的书籍，信件，由信中，以创建一个新的书。 And a 'book' was not the convenient thing we imagine.一'书' ，是不是方便的事，我们可以想象。 It was generally a collection of rolls of papyrus or parchment which unrolled to strips that were many feet long.人们普遍收藏卷纸纸莎草纸或羊皮纸其中unrolled来带了许多英尺长。 Given all this, it is pretty obvious why the great majority of people gained essentially ALL of their knowledge verbally.鉴于这一切，这是很明显的，所以大部份的人获得基本上他们所有的知识在口头上。
By the time the words were actually committed to papyrus or parchment, therefore, a number of generations of verbal description, and human memories, were involved.经过一段时期以后的话，其实是致力于纸莎草纸或羊皮纸，因此，一些几代人的口头描述，与人类的记忆，牵涉其中。 Where the ORIGINAL MANUSCRIPTS were certainly inerrant, these written copies could possibly have contained some minor flaws.那里原始手稿被肯定inerrant ，这些书面副本可能已包含了一些轻微的缺陷。
Next, consider that writing materials have a limited lifetime before they fade or disintegrate.其次，认为写作材料有一个有限的生命，才褪色或瓦解。 At regular intervals, it was necessary for scribes to copy the entire texts, letter by letter, to make a new copy.定期，有必要为文士，以复制整个文本，信信中，使一个新的副本。 Of course, all the scribes were extremely careful, but keep in mind that our full Bible contains 773,746 words, or over three million individual characters!当然，所有的文士都非常谨慎，但是请记住，我们充分圣经包含773746换言之，即超过三百万个性！ Scribes generally had to work from the most recent copy.文士一般要工作，从最近期的副本。 The result is that by around 900 AD (the oldest common documents that still exist of the Bible), those texts are copies of copies of copies.结果是由大约900专案（最古老的共同文件仍存在的圣经） ，这些文本是份副本的副本。 If a single character of those three million was mis-copied by any scribe, all later scribes would unknowingly copy that flaw.如果单一的特点，这些3000000被误抄任何文士，所有后来的文士会在不知不觉中文案缺陷。
Another complication arose when the texts were translated from one language to another, and eventually to English.另一种并发症时，就出现了文本的翻译从一个语言有别，并最终以英语。 Most words in nearly every language have several possible meanings.最换句话说，在几乎每一个语言有几种可能的含义。 A translator is faced, for nearly every single word, with selecting the "best" translation.翻译是面对，因为几乎每一字一句，如果选择的"最好"的翻译。 Different translators make different choices, which has resulted in our variety of modern Bible translations, all of which generally agree (since they were all created from the same source texts) but which have minor differences due to the translating choices.不同的翻译做出不同的选择，这导致了我们的各种现代圣经译本，所有这一切都普遍认同（因为他们都是来自同一来源的文本） ，但其中有小异，由于翻译的选择。 How would you translate the English word 'shift'?你会如何翻译英文单词'转向'吗？ As an action when driving a car?作为行动纲领的时候开车？ As a key on a computer keyboard?作为一个关键一台电脑键盘？ As an eight-hour work period?作为8小时工作时间？ As what you do when you slightly move in a movie theater seat?为你做什么，当你稍微动电影院座位？ See the problem?看这个问题？ A translator needs to determine the context of the text, to determine just which translation is most correct.翻译需要，以确定的背景下文本，以确定哪些翻译，是最正确的。 Therefore, individual human judgment is unavoidably involved in the translation process.因此，个别人的判断是，不可避免地在翻译过程中。
[Hebrew]
(symbols that cannot be displayed here) [希伯来语] （符号不能在这里展示）
[Greek] houtos
esti Iesous basileus Ioudaios [希腊] houtos毛泽东iesous basileus
ioudaios
[Greek] basileus Ioudaios [希腊] basileus ioudaios
[Latin] Iesvs
Nazarenvs Rex Ivdaeorvm [拉丁语] iesvs nazarenvs獭ivdaeorvm
[Greek] Iesous
Nazoraios basileus Ioudaios [希腊] iesous nazoraios basileus
ioudaios
[Greek] houtos
esti basileus Ioudaios [希腊] houtos毛泽东basileus ioudaios
also sometimes given
as:有时也得考虑：
[Greek] outos estin o basileus twn
ioudaiwn [希腊] outos estin o basileus第三世界网络ioudaiwn
Regarding the Greek, Luke's probable Greek text is already around 26 letters long, which might explain why no reference to Nazareth or even Jesus is included, to fit on the width of the sign.至于希腊，卢克的可能希腊文已经有大约26信长，这或许可以解释为什么没有提到拿撒勒，甚至耶稣是包括在内，以适应宽度的标志。
If Matthew gives us the Hebrew text, it only involves 19 Hebrew characters, so there is a potential mystery as to why Nazareth was not included.如果马修给我们的希伯来文，它不仅涉及19个希伯来字，所以是一个潜在的奥秘至于为何拿撒勒是不包括在内。 However, only the Latin text was legally appropriate, so both the Greek and Hebrew might have been appended, to make sure that the local people would certainly understand the "crime" of Jesus.然而，这只不过是拉文是在法律上适当的，所以无论是希腊文和希伯来可能已附，以确保当地人民一定会理解的"罪行"的耶稣。
I choose to believe that the four ORIGINAL MANUSCRIPTS each precisely and correctly expressed the exact wording, and that the various effects mentioned above have resulted in the four slightly different current wordings.我选择相信这四个原始手稿每个准确和正确表达确切的字眼，也表示，不同的影响，上述结果是在4个略有不同，目前的字眼。 Where some Christians want to believe in the precise inerrancy of the King James or other modern Bible, such evidence suggests that that might be inappropriate.有些基督徒不愿相信，在精确inerrancy的国王詹姆斯或其他现代圣经，例如有证据表明，这可能是不合适的。 Modern Bibles are certainly very close, and they certainly get all the main Lessons correct, but on minor items, the possibility exists that they are flawed.现代圣经，当然是非常接近的，他们一定得到所有主要教训是正确的，但是对小件物品，可能性是存在的，他们是错误的。 In the case of the King James, after its original 1611 publication, there were a number of "revised" Versions which corrected many such small flaws that had been found.在案件国王詹姆斯后，其原有1611出版物，有许多的"修订版"外，其中纠正了很多这样的小缺陷被发现。 But with over three million characters in it, even today, the most carefully checked KJAV Bible still must contain flaws.但有超过三百万字的，即使到了今天，最仔细检查kjav圣经仍然必须含有缺陷。 Even though the Original Manuscripts didn't!即使原始手稿没有！
Cross
两岸关系
Crucifix
十字架
The
Arising of Jesus 产生的耶稣
This subject presentation in the original English language这一主题演讲，在原有的英语
Send an e-mail question or comment to us: E-mail邮件发送问题或意见给我们： 电子邮箱
The main BELIEVE web-page (and the index to subjects) is at http://mb-soft.com/believe/beliecha.html主要相信网页（和索引科目） ，是在http://mb-soft.com/believe/beliecha.html