Theology of
Luke神学路加福音
Advanced
Information 先进的信息
The
Evidence证据
The theology of Luke may be discerned
by observing several converging lines of
evidence.神学的卢克可以分辨通过观察几个汇合线的证据。 Since a Gospel lacks the logical
sequence of propositional statements characteristic of the epistles, great care
is needed to assess this evidence
accurately.由于福音缺乏逻辑顺序的命题报表的特点，教会中，他们非常小心地需要，以评估这方面的证据，准确。 The following must be
considered.以下的，必须予以考虑。
Narrative
Structure叙事结构
The careful statement of purpose
inserted before the narrative commences alerts the reader to observe factors
that contribute to assurance regarding the truth of the Christian
gospel.仔细宗旨声明之前插入叙事开始提醒读者注意的因素，有助于保证对于真理的基督教福音。 The inclusion of the birth narratives,
in contrast to Mark and John, and with different episodes from those in Matthew,
directs the reader to certain themes regarding the messiahship and sonship of
Jesus.列入诞生的叙述，相反，马克和约翰，以及与不同的专题节目从那些在马太福音，引导读者以一定的主题，就messiahship和sonship的耶稣。
The use of a chiastic structure in
Zechariah's Benedictus (1:68-79) focuses attention on the middle theme,
oath/covenant, along with the other repeated themes: God's "coming" (or
"visitation"), his "people," "salvation," "prophets," the "hand" of the
"enemies," and the "fathers."使用一种chiastic结构zechariah的benedictus （ 1:68-79
） ，将注意力集中于中东主题，誓言/盟约，同其它一再主题：上帝的" Coming " （或"探视" ） ，他的"人" ， "救赎" ， "先知" ，
"手"的"敌人" ，和"父亲" 。 The introduction of two witnesses
Simeon and Anna, according to the accepted pattern of two witnesses, draws
attention to and confirms the identity of the baby as the promised Messiah
(2:25-38).引进的两名证人西麦和安娜，根据公认的格局两名证人，提请注意，并进一步确认身份的婴儿，因为答应弥赛亚（ 2:25-38 ）
。
Within the narrative of Jesus' ministry
certain editorial touches have great effect in featuring theological
themes.在叙事的耶稣的某些部编辑，触及有很大作用具有神学主题。 For example, by omitting most of Mark's
narrative of 6:45-8:26, Luke is able to move quickly from the stilling of the
storm (Mark 4:35-41; Matt. 8:23-27; Luke 8: 22-25), with its significant
climactic question, "Who is this?"举例来说，通过省略大部分马克的叙事6:45-8:26
，卢克是能够迅速转移，从消力的风暴（马克4:35-41 ;马特。 8:23-27 ;卢克8 ： 22 -25 ） ，其显着的气候问题， "谁是这个"
？ pausing for only
a few incidents, mainly those with messianic significance, to the question of
Herod, "Who, then, is this?"会暂停，只有少数的事件，主要是那些与救世主式的意义，要问希律"是谁，那么，这个"
？ (Luke 9:9), and
on to the question at Caesarea Philippi, "Who do you say I am?"
（路加福音9时09分） ，并就上述问题在caesarea Philippi撰写" ，他们这样做，你说我" ？ Another use of structure is the
inclusion of the unique central section.另一种使用结构，是包含独特的环节。 This not only contains a collection of
Jesus' teachings but features a travel
motif.这不仅包含一个收集耶稣的教诲，但特色的旅游主题。 There is a strong sense of movement
toward Jerusalem, the city of destiny in God's plan (9:51; 53; 13:22; 33; 17:11;
18:31).有一种强烈的责任感，走向耶路撒冷，市的命运掌握在上帝的计划（ 9时51分， 53 ; 13时22分; 33 ; 17:11 ;
18时31分） 。 Cf.比照。 9:31; 19:11, 28 on Jerusalem, and 9:57;
24:13-17 for examples of Luke's specific references to traveling. 9时31分;
19时11分， 28日对耶路撒冷和9时57分; 24:13-17为例子，卢克的具体提到旅游。 The introduction to this section looks
ahead specifically to Jesus' ascension ("taken up," Luke 9:51; cf. the same term
in Acts 1:2).引入本节前瞻未来，专门为耶稣升天（下称"采取行动， "卢克9时51分;比照同一任期内的行为1:2 ） 。
This is a unique emphasis of Luke, the
final event of his Gospel (24:50-53).这是一个独特的重点，卢克，最后活动的他的福音（ 24:50-53 ）
。
Vocabulary词汇
Careful observation of word frequency,
provides significant evidence of theological emphasis, especially in comparison
with the other Gospels.仔细观察的词频，提供了重要的证据，对神学的重视程度，尤其是在比较与其他福音。
Observing the relative frequency of
such words as "salvation," "sinner," "today," "God," "word," "city," and various
words grouped in semantic fields such as those relating to poverty and wealth
(to cite just a few) is foundational in assessing the theology of
Luke.观测的相对频率听到这样的话，作为"救亡" ， "千古罪人" ， "今日" ， "上帝" ， "字" ， "城"
，各分组字语义场中，例如那些有关贫穷与财富（举短短数） ，是基础性，在评估神学的卢克。 One example is the unusual frequency of
"today" (Luke 2:11; 4:21; 5:26; 12:28; 13:32, 33; 19:5, 9; 22:34, 61; 23:43 and
nine times in Acts).其中一个例子是不寻常的频率"今天" （路加福音2时11分; 4时21分; 5时26分; 12:28 ;
13时32分， 33个; 19时05分， 9岁; 22时34分， 61人23时43分和9倍，在行为） 。
Context背景
Here we see especially the converging
lines of evidence.这里，我们看到了，特别是会聚线的证据。 When several significant words occur
together in a passage which clearly has theological importance, especially if it
is at a crucial point in the narrative, the reader may be confident that the
author is making a major theological
statement.当几个显着的话一起发生在一个通道，其中显然有神学思想建设的重要性，尤其是如果它正处在一个关键点，在叙事，读者可以自信地说，作者是一个重大的神学声明。
Jesus' conversation with Zacchaeus is
an example.耶稣的谈话zacchaeus就是一个例子。 It occurs shortly before Jesus'
triumphal entry, centers on one of the so-called sinners (Luke 19:7), social
outcasts, and other unpopular people featured in Luke as the objects of Jesus'
concern.它发生在不久之前，耶稣的凯旋门进入，对中心之一，即所谓的罪人（卢克19时07分）
，社会弃儿，和其他不受欢迎的人特写在路加作为研究对象的耶稣的关注。 The vocabulary includes such key terms
as "today" and "salvation."词汇包括诸如关键术语，因为"今天"和"救赎" 。 Another significant event occurs at the
beginning of Jesus' ministry: his preaching in the Nazareth
synagogue.另一项重大的事件发生在一开始的耶稣'财政部：他的说教，在拿撒勒犹太教堂。 This contains a programmatic statement
about Jesus' anointing by the Spirit to preach good news to the
poor.这包含了一个纲领性声明中关于耶稣' anointing所体现的精神，宣讲好消息给穷人。 The significant use of Isaiah 61 with
its jubilee motif (the "year of the Lord's favor") contributes to its
theological importance.在大量使用以赛亚书61其银禧题（ "今年的主的恩赐" ）
，有助于其神学思想建设的重要性。
Geographical and
Historical Background地理和历史背景
Other indications of theology are seen
in Luke's stress on these features.其他适应症的神学被认为是在路加的应激对这些特点。 Luke sets the salvation events within
the sweep of human history.卢克集救世事件波及人类历史的。 His description of Jesus' orientation
to Jerusalem from Luke 9:51 on points to the passion, resurrection, and
ascension.他的描述耶稣的方向，以耶路撒冷从路加福音9点51分就到了激情，复活，升天。
In summary, every
aspect of the Gospel, from individual words to the larger historical scene, is
worth investigating for theological
information.总之，每一个方面的福音，由个人说了算，以更大的历史舞台，是值得探讨，为神学资料。
Theological
Themes神学主题
Some of the specific themes and topics
in Luke are:一些特定主题和议题在路加是：
Christology christology
As in the other
Gospels, Jesus is seen as Messiah (eg, Luke
9:20).正如其他福音中，耶稣被视为是弥赛亚（例如，卢克9时20分） 。 He is also the Son of God, as the angel
indicates (Luke 1:35) and as he himself recognizes at age twelve (Luke
2:49).他亦是上帝的儿子，因为天使显示（路加福音1时35分） ，并为他自己承认，在12岁以下（路加福音2时49分） 。
One unique contribution of Luke is the
presentation of Jesus as a prophet.一个独特的贡献，卢克是介绍耶稣为先知。 He is compared and contrasted with John
the Baptist as a prophetic figure.他是比较和对比，与施洗约翰是一个先知性人物。 Luke hints at his prophetic role in
4:24-27 and 13:33.卢克暗示他的先知性作用4:24-27和13时33分。 Also the ministry of Elisha comes to
mind at the raising of the son of the widow of Nain near where Elisha had raised
the son of the "great woman" of
Shunem.此外，财政部莱沙来安心养儿子的遗孀祝不远的地方，艾莉莎提出了儿子的"伟大的女人"的书念。
Soteriology soteriology
Without question,
Luke emphasizes the need and provision of
salvation.毫无疑问，路加强调需要及为他们提供救助。 The Gospel focuses on the cross through
the passion predictions (9:22, etc.), in common in Matthew and Luke, in the
early foreshadowings of 2:35; 5:35; and especially through the sayings at the
Last Supper (22:19-22).福音的重点是两岸透过激情的预言（ 9时22分，等等）
，在常见的马修和卢克，在早期foreshadowings的2点35分; 5时35分;特别是通过熟语在最后的晚餐（ 22 :19 - 22 ） 。
In Acts the cross is seen as God's
will, though accomplished by sinful people (Acts
2:23).在行为十字架被看作是上帝的意志为转移，虽然完成了由罪孽深重的人（使徒2时23分） 。 If neither the Gospel nor Acts contains
the explicit statements familiar from Paul on the theology of atonement, that
does not mean Luke's doctrine is
deficient.如果既不是福音，也没有行为载有明确声明所熟知的保罗对神学的赎罪，这并不意味着卢克的教义是不足之处。 The Gospel presents the need of
salvation and the progress of Jesus to the cross vividly; Acts declares the
opportunity of forgiveness through Christ (eg, 2:38; 4:12; 10:43;
13:39).福音介绍了需要救亡和进度，耶稣在十字架上，生动;行为宣布为契机宽恕透过基督（例如， 2时38分; 4时12分; 10:43 ;
13时39分） 。
Glory荣耀
Nevertheless, Luke has a very strong
theology of glory.尽管如此，卢克有很强的神学，再创辉煌。 He emphasizes the victory of the
resurrection, with a declaration of the vindication of Jesus (Acts 2:24; 3:15;
4:10; 10:39-42; 13:26-37; 17:31).他强调，胜利的复活，与申报平反耶稣（使徒2时24分; 3:15 ; 4:10 ;
10:39-42 ; 13:26-37 ; 17时31分） 。 The ascension is stressed predictively
in the middle of the Gospel (9:51) and in the middle of Luke's two-volume work,
Luke 24 and Acts 1.在阿森松岛是强调predictively在中东的福音（ 9时51分）
，并在中间路加两卷工作，路加福音24日和行为1 。
Doxology
doxology
This theology of
glory finds practical expression in repeated ascriptions of glory to
God.这神学的荣耀认定，切实体现了在反复ascriptions的荣耀归于上帝。 These occur especially at the birth of
Christ (2:14) and on the occasions of healing (eg, Luke 5:25-26; Acts
3:8-10).这些发生，尤其是在耶稣的诞生（ 2时14分）和关于场合的愈合（例如，路加福音5:25-26 ;行为3:8-10 ）
。
The Holy
Spirit圣灵
The Spirit is prominent from the
beginning (Luke 1:15, 41; 2:25-35).精神是突出从一开始（路加福音1:15 ， 41岁; 2:25-35 ）
。 Jesus was
conceived by the overshadowing of the Spirit (1:35).耶稣被国家所压倒的精神（ 1时35分）
。 He was full of
the Spirit and led by the Spirit at the time of his temptation
(4:1).他是充满精神和领导的精神，在他的诱惑（ 4:1 ） 。 The Spirit was upon him in his ministry
(4:18).精神，是他在他的部（ 4时18分） 。 The Lord promised the Holy Spirit in
answer to prayer (11:13) and in anticipation of Pentecost (24:49; Acts
1:4).主答应圣灵在回答祈祷（ 11时13分） ，并预计五旬（ 24:49 ;行径1:4 ） 。 The Holy Spirit is, of course,
prominent throughout the book of Acts.圣灵的，当然是突出整个图书的行为。
Prayer祈祷
This is especially significant at times
of crisis in the life of Jesus (Luke 3:1; 6:12; 9:18) and in the early perilous
days of the church (eg, Acts 4:23-31; 6:4, 6; 8:15; 9:11; 10:2;
13:3).这是特别重要的意义，在发生危机的时候，在耶稣的生命（路加福音3:1 ; 6时12分; 9时18分）
，并在早期殆天的教会（如行为4:23-31 ; 6:4 6 ; 8:15 ; 9时11分; 10时02分; 13时03分） 。
The Power of
God上帝的力量
Along with the other Gospels, Luke
records the miracles of Jesus and uses the word
dynamis.同其它福音，路加记录神迹的耶稣，并用字dynamis 。 This emphasis continues throughout
Acts.这种强调继续在整个行为。
Sense of Destiny;
Prophecy and Fulfillment责任感的命运;预言，并圆满
This is a unique emphasis of
Luke.这是一个独特的重点，卢克。 The verb dei, "it is necessary," occurs
frequently with reference to the things Jesus "must" accomplish (Luke 2:49;
4:43; 9:22; 13:33; 24:7, 26, 44-47).动词dei " ，它是必要的，
"经常出现在参考的东西耶稣"必须"完成（路加福音2时49分; 4时43分; 9时22分; 13时33分; 24:7 ， 26 ， 44-47 ）
。 This is seen both
in terms of accomplishment (Luke 1:1, translating peplerophoremenon as
"accomplished" or, with NIV, "fulfilled") and in terms of fulfillment of OT
prophecy.普遍认为这是因为无论从成绩（路加福音1:1 ，翻译peplerophoremenon为"成就" ，或者是与你们， "完成" ）
，并在条款实现城市旅游局的预言。 "Proof from prophecy" is a significant
aspect of Luke's writing. "的证明，从预言"是一个重要的方面路加福音的写作。
Eschatology末世
This aspect of Luke's work has
occasioned much discussion.这方面的卢克工作的情况，议论纷纭。 It was the view of H. Conzelmann that
Luke wrote against a background of concern because Jesus had not yet
returned.这是鉴于每小时conzelmann说路加写对一个背景的关注，是因为耶稣尚未归还。 Luke supposedly met this alleged "delay
of the parousia" by reworking Jesus' teachings which the church is to
continue.卢克理应见了这个所谓"延误的圆满"的改造耶稣的教诲，而教会是会持续下去。 Without dealing here with Conzelmann's
various ideas on this and other topics, we may note that further study has shown
that, while Luke sees a period of faithful service prior to the Lord's return
(eg, the parable of the nobleman, or the ten minas, Luke 19:11-27), he also
retains strong eschatological teachings (eg, 12:35-40) and a sense of imminency
(eg,
18:8).如果没有在这里处理conzelmann的各种想法就这个问题和其他议题，我们可以注意到，进一步的研究显示，虽然卢克看到一个时期的忠实服务之前，向上帝祷告的回报（例如，寓言的贵族，或十个米纳斯，路加福音19:11-27
） ，他还保留了强大的eschatological教义（例如， 12:35-40 ）和忧患意识imminency （例如， 18时08分） 。
It is misguided speculation (cf. Luke
17:20-21) which Luke rejected, not the imminency of the Lord's
return.这是错误的投机活动（参见路加福音17:20-21 ） ，卢克拒绝了，而不是imminency的主的回报。 It is against this background that
Luke's unique emphasis on "today" is to be seen.正是在这种背景下，卢克的独特强调，
"今天"是有待观察。
Israel and the
People of God以色列和人民的上帝
The word laos, "people," is used with
special meaning in Luke.字，老挝， "以人为本" ，是用特殊的意义，在路加。 In contrast to the crowds (ochloi) and
the hostile rulers, the "people" are ready to receive Jesus.相比之下，以人潮（
ochloi ）和敌对的统治者， "人"愿意接受耶稣。 Naturally, in the period of Luke-Acts
most of these are Jews.当然，在这段期间的卢克-行为多数是犹太人。 Luke seems to be dealing with the
nature of the people of God, the position of the church in relation to the
unbelieving Jews.卢克似乎是在处理与自然的人的神，其立场与教会的关系，向不信犹太人。 He emphasizes that thousands of the
Jews believed (Acts 21:20), even though he shows Paul as turning to the
Gentiles.他强调，成千上万的犹太人相信（使徒行21:20 ） ，尽管他表明保罗为契机，以外邦人。
The Word of
God上帝的话
This is a more significant theme in
Luke's writings than is generally
recognized.这是一个更重要的主题，在路加的著作比一般公认的。 Logos occurs in the Gospel prologue
(1:2), in 4:22, 32, 36, and notably in the parable of the sower, which stresses
obedience to the word of God (8:4-15).标识出现在福音开场白（ 1:2 ） ，在4点22 ， 32 ， 36
，特别是在寓言的播种，其中强调以敬畏上帝的话（ 8:4-15 ） 。 In Acts the growth of the "word"
parallels the growth of the church (Acts 4:31; 6:7;
12:24).在行为生产总值的增长率相"字的"平行线生产总值的增长率相教会（使徒4时31分; 6时07分; 12时24分） 。
Discipleship门徒
Luke contains teachings not in the
other Gospels.卢克载教义而不是在其他福音。 In addition to 9:23-26, paralleled in
Matthew and Mark, Luke has major sections on discipleship in 9:57-62;
14:25-33.除了9:23-26 ，平行，在马修和马克，路加，具有重大的章节门徒在9:57-62 ; 14:25-33 。
Poverty and
Wealth贫穷与财富
The Gospel, addressed to a wealthy
person, records Jesus' mission to the poor (4:18).福音，给一个有钱人，记录耶稣的使命，穷人（
4时18分） 。 Luke refers to a
future reversal of social roles in the Magnificat (1:46-55), the Beatitudes
(along with the woes, which only Luke describes; 6:20-26), and the story of the
rich man and Lazarus (16:19-31).路加指的是一个未来反转的社会角色，在Magnificat ） （ 1:46-55
） ， beatitudes （随疾苦，其中只有路加描述; 6:20-26 ） ，以及故事中的财主和拉撒路（ 16:19-31 ） 。 Luke gives direct teaching on
possessions (Luke 12:33), has the only comment on the Pharisees' greed (Luke
16:14), and emphasizes the church's generosity in sharing with those in need
(Acts 2:44-45; 4:32-37; 11:27-30).卢克给人直接教学，对财产（卢克12时33分）
，有唯一的评论法利'贪婪（卢克16时14分） ，并强调了教会的慷慨分享，有需要的人士（使徒2:44-45 ; 4 ： 32-37 ; 11:27-30 ）
。
Recent
Study最近的研究
The study of Luke's theology has been
pursued with great vigor during the past several
decades.该项研究的卢克的神学一直奉行以极大的活力，在过去的几十年。 The creative work of Conzelmann spawned
a number of treatises on Luke's
theology.创造性的工作conzelmann催生了一些论文对路加的神学。 At issue have been the purpose for
which Luke wrote the Gospel and Acts, the extent and significance of his
redaction (editing), and the effect the author's theological tendencies may have
had on his historical reliability.在问题一直为目的而撰写的卢克福音和行为，其范围和意义，他编撰学（编辑）
，并影响了作者的神学倾向，可能对他的历史可靠性。 According to Conzelmann, Luke's purpose
was to set forth his scheme of salvation history.据conzelmann
，路加的目的是要提出他的计划的救恩史。 Marshall sees Luke's work as a witness
to salvation itself.马歇尔认为卢克的工作，作为证人，以拯救自己。 Others have seen an apologetic motive
(eg, defense of Christianity for one or another purpose) or a theological motive
(eg, the identity of the people of God).别人看到了一个抱歉的动机（例如，国防基督教的一个或另一个目的）
，或神学的动机（例如，身份的人的上帝） 。 Evaluation of the extent of Luke's
redactional work to serve his purposes depends on one's assessment of several
matters.评价范围内的卢克redactional工作既服务于自己的目的取决于一个人的评价的几个问题。 Is "S" given editorial modification due
to theology, style, or sources used?是" s "给编辑部的修改，由于神学，风格，或来源，使用呢？
If to sources, were there theological
reasons for using a given source and for allowing its theological data to stand
unmodified?如果消息人士透露，有神学的原因，用一个特定的来源，并允许其神学数据站在位子吗？ Must it be assumed, as is often done,
that Luke's theological purposes affected his historical objectivity
adversely?它必须假定，因为常常这样做，认为卢克的神学目的的影响，他的历史的客观性受到不利？ For a defense of Luke's credibility as
both a historian and theologian, see Marshall's work
below.为防御路加福音的信誉作为一位历史学家和神学家，见马歇尔的工作如下。 In conclusion, Fitzmyer's caution
against interpreting Luke's theology in terms of one's own thesis about Luke is
itself a comment on many contributions to this
subject.最后，斐迈尔的告诫诠释路加的神学而言，那种将自己的论文约路加福音本身就是一个评论很多贡献这个主题。
WL
Liefeld轮候册liefeld
(Elwell Evangelical Dictionary)
（ Elwell宣布了福音字典）
Bibliography
参考书目
CK Barnett, Luke
the Historian in Recent Study; H. Conzelmann, The Theology of St. Luke; NA Dahl,
"The Purpose of Luke-Acts," in Jesus in the Memory of the Early Church; EE
Ellis, Eschatology in Luke; H. Flender, St. Luke: Theologian of Redemptive
History; JA Fitzmyer, The Gospel According to Luke I-IX; E. Franklin, Christ the
Lord: A Study in the Purpose and Theology of Luke-Acts; J. Jervell, Luke and the
People of God; LT Johnson, The Literary Function of Possessions in Luke-Acts; LE
Keck and JL Martyn, eds., Studies in Luke-Acts; IH Marshall, Luke: Historian and
Theologian; AJ Mattill, Jr., Luke and the Last Things; JC O'Neill, The Theology
of Acts in Its Historical Setting; NB Stonehouse, The Witness of Luke to Christ;
CH Talbert, Literary Patterns, Theological Themes and the Genre of Luke-Acts,
and (ed.) Perspectives on Luke-Acts; DL Tiede, Prophecy and History in
Luke-Acts.对照巴内特，卢克历史学家在最近的研究;每小时conzelmann ，神学的圣卢克;娜达尔， "选举的目的卢克-行径，
"在耶稣在记忆的初期教会;网艾利斯，在末世卢克;每小时flender ，圣卢克：神学的救赎历史;
JA部斐迈尔，福音据卢克一至九;体育富兰克林，基督上帝祷告：一项研究的目的和神学的卢克-行为的J.
jervell路加福音和人民的上帝;低温约翰逊，文学功能的遗物，在卢克-行为;乐，它们是和的JL马丁编，研究，在卢克-行为;中转房屋马歇尔，卢克：历史学家和神学家;的AJ
mattill前些日子，卢克和过去的东西;时三十分欧尼尔，神学的行为，在其历史背景;铌70年代，该名证人的卢克以基督的CH talbert
，文学样式，神学主题和体裁的卢克-行为， （主编）透视卢克-行为; dl tiede ，预言和历史的卢克-行为。
Also, see:此外，见：
Theology
of Matthew 神学的马修。
Theology
of Mark 神学的标志
Theology
of John 神学的约翰。
New
Testament Theology 新约圣经神学
This subject
presentation in the original English
language这一主题演讲，在原有的英语
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