Theology of John神学的约翰。

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For a man who has been so prominent in Christian thinking throughout the centuries John is a strangely shadowy figure.对于一个人来说，他们已经如此突出，在基督教思想，在整个世纪以来约翰是一个奇怪的神秘人物。 In the Gospels and Acts he is almost invariably accompanied by someone else and the other person is the spokesman (there is an exception when John tells Jesus that he forbade a man to cast out demons; Luke 9:49).在福音的行为，他几乎总是伴随着由别人和其他人是该发言人（有一种情况例外，当约翰告诉耶稣说，他不容许一名男子投出精灵;路加福音9时49分） 。 He is often linked with Peter and with his brother James, and these three were specially close to Jesus (Matt. 17:1; Mark 14:33; Luke 8:51).他往往是联系在一起的彼得和他的弟弟詹姆斯，而这3人特意接近耶稣。 （ 17时01分;大关14:33 ;卢克8时51分） 。 He and James were called "sons of thunder" (Boanerges; Mark 3:17), which perhaps points to the kind of character revealed in their desire to call down fire from heaven on people who refused to receive Jesus (Luke 9:54).他和詹姆斯被称为"子弟兵雷雨" （ boanerges ;马克3时17分） ，这也许是点，以什么样的字符显示，在他们的愿望，要求降低火灾从天堂的人，拒绝接受耶稣（路加福音9时54分） 。

We learn more from the writings linked with his name.我们了解更多信息，从写作与他的名字。 The Fourth Gospel as it stands is anonymous, but there is good reason for thinking that John wrote it and that he was the beloved disciple who leaned on Jesus' breast at the Last Supper (John 13:23) and to whom the dying Jesus commended his mother (John 19:26-27).第四个福音，因为它是匿名的，但有很好的理由认为约翰写的，并表示他是心爱的大弟子谁倾斜对耶稣的乳房在最后的晚餐（约翰13时23分） ，并在其中亡者耶稣称赞他的母亲（约翰19:26-27 ） 。 The impression we get is that John had entered into the mind of Jesus more than any of the other disciples had.印象，我们所得到的约翰已进入心中耶稣超过任何其他的弟子了。

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God as Father上帝的父亲

From his Gospel we learn a good deal about the Father and, indeed, it is to John more than anyone else that Christians owe their habit of referring to God simply as "the Father."从他的福音，我们学习一个很好的协议，关于父亲，而事实上，它是约翰比任何人更认为，基督教徒欠他们的习惯，是指上帝，根本是"父亲" 。 John uses the word "father" 137 times (which is more than twice as often as anyone else; Matthew has it 64 times, Paul 63).约翰用字， "父"的137倍（这是一倍以上，往往别人;马修有它的64倍，保罗63 ） 。 No less than 122 refer to God as Father, a beautiful emphasis which has influenced all subsequent Christian thinking.不得少于122指上帝作为父亲，一个美丽的重视，影响了其后所有的基督教思想。 John also tells us that this God is love (I John 4:8, 16), and love is an important topic in both his Gospel and his epistles.约翰还告诉我们，这天主是爱（约翰4点08 ， 16 ） ，爱是一个很重要的课题，无论他的福音和他的书信。 We know love in the Christian sense because we see it in the cross (John 3:16; I John 4:10); it is sacrificial giving, not for worthwhile people, but for sinners.我们知道爱在基督教的意义，因为在我们看来，在两岸关系（约翰3:16 ，我约翰4:10 ） ，它是祭祀付出，不值得人民的，而是为罪人。

The Father is constantly active (John 5:17); he upholds his creation and brings blessing on those he has made.父亲是不断活跃（约翰5点17分） ，他坚持他的创作带来祝福那些他所作出的。 He is a great God whose will is done, particularly in election and salvation.他是一个伟大的神的意志，做了，特别是在选举和救赎。 "No one can come to me," said Jesus, "unless the Father who sent me draws him" (John 6:44); and again, "You did not choose me, but I chose you" (John 15:16; cf. 8:47; 18:37). "没有人可以来找我，说： "耶稣， "除非父亲送我提请他" （约翰6时44分） ;又一次， "你没有选择我，但我选择了你" （约翰福音15:16 ;比照8时47分; 18时37分） 。

The book of Revelation was written by John (Rev. 1:1-3), though which John is not specified.这本书的启示作者为约翰（启示录1:1-3 ） ，但其中约翰并没有特别指明。 But there is good reason for seeing it as coming from John the apostle and as stressing an important aspect of Johannine thought, namely that of divine sovereignty.不过，有很好的理由，把它作为未来由约翰使徒，并作为强调的一个重要方面， johannine思想，即神圣的主权。 It is easy to get lost in a strange world of seals, trumpets, bowls, and animals with unusual numbers of heads and horns.这是很容易迷失在一个陌生的世界，海豹，小号，碗，和动物一样不寻常的号码头，牛角。 But this is not the important thing.不过，这并非重要的事。 Throughout this book God is a mighty God.在整个这本书，上帝是威武之神。 He does what he wills and, though wickedness is strong, in the end he will triumph over every evil thing.他做什么，他的遗嘱，虽然说着强劲，但在年底前，他将战胜一切邪恶的东西。 There is a great deal about the wrath of God in Revelation (and something about it in the Gospel), which brings out the truth that God is implacably opposed to evil and will in the end overthrow it entirely.有大量关于上帝所憎恶的，在启示（以及一些有关它在福音） ，它带出了一条真理：上帝是implacably反对邪恶，并会在年底前被推翻，它完全。

Christology christology

Throughout the Johannine writings there is a good deal of attention given to Christology.整个johannine著作有一个很好的协议，对所给予的关注christology 。 The Gospel begins with a section on Christ as the Word, a passage in which it is clear that God has taken action in Christ for revelation and for salvation.福音开头一节，以基督为一句话，一个通道中，很明显，上帝已采取行动，在基督里为启示和救赎。 Christ is "the Savior of the world" (John 4:42), and this is brought out when he is referred to as Christ (= Messiah), Son of God, Son of man, and in other ways.基督是"救世主的世界" （约翰4时42分） ，这是带出了时，他被称为基督（ =弥赛亚） ，上帝的儿子，儿子的男子，并用其他的方式。 They all depend in one way or another on the thought that God is active in Christ in bringing about the salvation he has planned.他们都是靠一种或另一种方式就以为上帝是活跃在基督里带来了救赎，他已计划。 John has an interesting use of terms like "glory" and "glorify," for he sees the cross as the glorification of Jesus (John 12:23; 13:31).约翰有一个有趣的术语的使用一样， "光荣"和"美化" ，因为他看见过，因为歌颂耶稣（约翰12:23 ; 13时31分） 。 Suffering and lowly service are not simply the path to glory; they are glory in its deepest sense.苦难和卑微的服务，并非简单的道路走向辉煌的，他们是荣耀，在其最深切的责任感。 This striking form of speech brings out the truth that God is not concerned with the kind of thing that people see as glorious.这是一个惊人的讲话带出了一条真理：上帝是不关注什么样的事情，人们看到的，因为光荣。 The whole life of Jesus was lived in lowliness but John can say, "We have beheld his glory" (John 1:14).整个耶稣的生命是住在lowliness但约翰可以说， "我们已看到他的荣耀" （约翰福音1:14 ） 。

Miracles奇迹

John's treatment of the miracles is distinctive.约翰的治疗神迹是与众不同。 He never calls them "mighty works" as do the synoptists, but "signs" or "works."他从来没有要求他们"威武工程" ，因为这样做synoptists ，但"迹象"或"工程" 。 They point us to significant truth, for God is at work in them.他们指出，我们能够显着真理，因为上帝是在工作中。 "Work" may be used of Jesus' nonmiraculous deeds as well as those that are miraculous, which suggests that his life is all of a piece. "工作" ，可利用的耶稣' nonmiraculous事迹，以及那些有神奇的，这暗示了他的生命，是所有的一块。 He is one person; he does not do some things as God and others as man.他是一个人，他并没有做一些事情，因为神和他人的人。 But all he does is the outworking of his mission, a thought which means much to John.但他是否是outworking他的使命，想到这意味着很多约翰。 There are two Greek words for "to send," and John's gospel has both more frequently than any other book in the NT.有两个希腊文中"派" ，和约翰的福音，既更频密的，比任何其他书籍，在新台币。 Mostly he uses the words to bring out the truth that the Father sent the Son, though there are some important passages linking the mission of his followers with that of Jesus (John 17:18; 20:21).大多是他所用的字眼是要带出一个事实，即父亲送到了儿子，虽然有一些重要的通道连接的使命他的信徒与耶稣（约翰17时18分; 20时21分） 。 Being sent means that Jesus became man in the fullest sense, as is brought out by his dependence on the Father (cf. John 5:19, 30) and by statements about his human limitations (eg John 4:6; 11:33, 35; 19:28).正在送往指耶稣成为人在充分意义上说，为的是带出了他的依赖，对父亲（参见约翰5点19 ， 30 ） ，并陈述他的人的限制（如：约翰四比六; 11时33分， 35 ; 19时28分） 。 John's Jesus is fully divine, indeed, but he is also fully human.约翰的耶稣是完全的神，而事实上，但他同时又是完全人。

The Holy Spirit圣灵

John tells us more about the Holy Spirit than do the other evangelists.约翰告诉我们更多关于圣灵比其他福音。 He is active from the beginning of Jesus' ministry (John 1:32-33), but the full work of the Spirit among man awaited the consummation of Jesus' own ministry (John 7:39).他活跃，从一开始的耶稣'部（约翰福音1:32-33 ） ，但全部的工作精神，其中男子在等待着圆满的耶稣'自己的部（约翰7时39分） 。 The Spirit is active in the Christian life from the beginning (John 3:5, 8) and there are important truths about the Spirit in Jesus' farewell discourse.精神是活跃在基督徒的生活从一开始（约翰3点05分， 8 ） ，并有重要的真理有关精神，在耶稣的告别话语。 There we learn among other things that he is "the Spirit of truth" (John 14:16-17), that he will never leave Jesus' people (John 14:16), and that he has a work among unbelievers, namely that of convicting them of sin, righteousness, and judgment (John 16:8).因此，我们学习其他的事情，他是"真理的圣灵" （约翰福音14:16-17 ） ，他将永远不会离开耶稣的人（约翰14时16分） ，并表示他有一个工作，不信，即：入罪的，他们的罪过，义，礼，并判断（约翰16时08分） 。

The Spirit is active in leading Christians in the way of truth (John 16:13), and John has a good deal to tell us about the Christian life.精神是活跃在领导的基督信徒在阻碍着真理（约翰福音16:13 ） ，约翰已经是一个很好的协议，以告诉我们基督徒生活。 He speaks of "eternal life," which seems to mean life proper to the age to come, life of the highest quality (cf. John 10:10).他说的是"永恒的生命" ，这似乎意味着生活恰当的年龄来，生活质量最高（参见约翰10:10 ） 。 Entrance into life is by believing, and John uses this verb 98 times (though never the noun "faith").进入生活，是由相信，约翰利用这个动词98倍（虽然从未名词"信仰" ） 。 Believers are to be characterized by love (John 13:34-35).信徒要特点是爱（约翰13:34-35 ） 。 They owe all they have to the love of God, and it is proper that they respond to that love with an answering love, a love for God that spills over into a love for other people.他们无不得益于他们以上帝的爱，这是正确的，他们回应说，爱一个回答爱情，对上帝的爱说，会逐渐成为一个爱别人。 This receives strong emphasis in I John.这得到高度重视，在约翰。 John emphasizes the importance of light (for believers are people who "walk in the light"; I John 1:7) and of truth.约翰强调，必须轻（供信徒的人， "走在轻" ，我约翰1时07分）和真理的。 Jesus is the truth (John 14:6) and the Spirit is the Spirit of truth (John 14:17).耶稣是真理（约翰14时06分）和精神，是真理的圣灵（约翰14时17分） 。 To know the truth is to be free (John 8:31-32).知道真相，是为自由（约翰福音8:31-32 ） 。

John's is a profound and deep theology, though expressed in the simplest of terms.约翰的是一个广泛而深刻的神学，但表示，在最简单的术语。 It sets forth truths which no Christian can neglect.它阐述的真理，任何基督徒都不能忽视。

L Morris升莫里斯
(Elwell Evangelical Dictionary) （ Elwell宣布了福音字典）

Bibliography 参考书目
JE Davey, The Jesus of St. John; WF Howard, Christianity According to St. John; R. Kysar, The Fourth Evangelist and His Gospel; CF Nolloth, The Fourth Evangelist; NJ Painter, John: Witness and Theologian; SS Smalley, John: Evangelist and Interpreter; DG Vanderlip, Christianity According to John.是开放API ，耶稣的圣约翰; WF号霍华德，基督教据圣约翰;传译kysar ，第四传道者和他的福音;比照nolloth ，第四传道;新泽西州的画家，约翰：证人和神学家;的SS Smalley ） ，约翰：传道者和翻译;品vanderlip ，基督教根据约翰。

Also, see:此外，见：
Theology of Matthew 神学的马修。
Theology of Mark 神学的标志
Theology of Luke 神学路加福音
New Testament Theology 新约圣经神学

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