The Hadith is the record of the Prophet Muhammad's precepts, actions, and life, which constitute his Sunna, or example.该圣训是创纪录的先知穆罕默德的戒律，行动和生活，构成了他的逊尼派，或者例子。 It is accepted as a chief source of Islamic belief and practice and is second in authority only to the Qur'an (Koran).这是被接受作为一个行政来源伊斯兰信仰与实践，并在第二个权力机构，只是向古兰经（古兰经） 。 The six canonical Sunnite collections of Hadith, which date from the 9th century, and the corresponding Shiite collections of the 10th and 11th centuries delineate the various relationships among individuals and between the individual and God.六个典型逊尼派收藏的圣训，日期是从9世纪时，和相应的什叶派收藏的第10和11世纪之交，界定各方面关系，个人之间的关系，个人与上帝。 They include provisions of law, discussions of theological matters, such as methods of fasting and prayer, and codes of personal, social, and commercial conduct.它们包括法律的规定，讨论神学问题，如方法的斋戒和祈祷，及守则，个人，社会和商业行为。
Fazlur Rahman fazlur拉赫曼
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The six correct
or authentic collections of Traditions that are accepted by Sunni Muslims, are
the compilations by:六个正确或正宗的收藏传统，是接纳逊尼派穆斯林，是编译：
(again, Muhammad died in 632 AD)
（再次说，穆罕默德死于公元632 ）
One more name is often added to this list, that of Ahmed ibn Hanbal (early 800s AD), whose Musnad contains around 29,000 Traditions.多一个名字往往是加入这个名单，也就是艾哈迈德伊本hanbal （早期的737-800飞机专案） ，其musnad包含约29000传统。
One of the important aspects of any such Tradition that was collected around 200 years after the death of Muhammad was the isnads associated with each Tradition.其中的一个重要方面的任何这种传统，这是收集了约200多年，去世后，穆罕默德是isnads与各传统。 An isnad is a list of the transmitters of that information, essentially the equivalent of a modern paper trail, to show the actual validity by tracking the individuals from Muhammad to the end recipient of the Tradition.一个isnad是名单上的发报器的资料，基本上相当于一个现代化的文件线索，以示实际有效性通过跟踪个人从穆罕默德到去年底，受赠人的传统。 When a Tradition had an uncertain isnad, it was apparently removed from consideration as being part of the Hadith collection.当一个传统，有一个不确定isnad ，它显然是从拆除考虑作为部分的圣训集。
An extremely thorough researcher, Ignaz Goldziher, studied the Traditions from around 1870 to 1920, and those studies are still considered among the best research ever done.一个极为透彻的研究， ignaz goldziher ，研究传统，由约1870年至1920年，这些研究仍在考虑当中，最好的研究以往任何时候都这样做。 Goldziher, with absolutely impeccable research, including extremely solid documentation, showed that a vast number of hadith contained in the six collections were outright forgeries, which meant that the meticulous isnads supporting them were also forgeries and fictitious. goldziher ，绝对是完美无瑕的研究，包括极为坚实的文件显示，大量的圣训载，在短短六年藏品被买断伪造的，这意味着该细致isnads支持他们还伪造和虚构的。
Since Goldziher's documentation is so compelling, Islamic historians began claiming that legal traditions and historical traditions were entirely distinct, in order to maintain their absolute trust in the validity of all hadith.自goldziher的文件是如此令人信服，伊斯兰历史学家开始声称的法律传统和历史传统完全不同，以维持其绝对信任的有效性，所有圣训。 Goldziher's results seem to imply that the majority of hadith are NOT valid, and so only a minor fraction of hadiths are. goldziher的结果似乎暗示说，大部份的圣训是无效的，所以只有一小部分hadiths 。
It is rather well established that, during the reigh of the Umayyads (beginning in 661 AD), a group of men recognized that the Caliphs were not particularly interested in doctrine, which was allowing the people to drift away from proper beliefs.它是相当完备，在reigh的倭马亚王朝（开始于公元661 ） ，一组官兵认识到， caliphs不是特别有兴趣学说，它是让人们偏离正确的信仰。 As a result, they felt it necessary to fabricate many Traditions "for the good of the community" and they claimed isnads that seemed to show that the Prophet Muhammad had initiated them.因此，他们感到有必要以编造许多传统" ，为良好的社会" ，他们声称isnads这似乎表明，先知穆罕默德曾发起了他们。 Since these people were in effect operating as opponents to the ruling Umayyads, the rulers soon started "finding" hadiths to support whatever purpose they had.因为这些人实际上是经营作为对手，执政的倭马亚王朝，统治者即将开始， "寻找" hadiths支持不论目的，他们的。 As a result, two different groups of people were manufacturing fake Traditions during that time.因此，两种不同群体的人，制假传统，在这段时间。 Some of thos Traditions later found their way into one or more of the authentic collections of Traditions.一些thos传统，后来发现他们自己的方式来一种或一种以上的正宗收藏的传统。
Later, during the Abbasid Caliphs, this process multiplied.后来，在阿巴斯caliphs ，这个过程成倍增加。 The Abbasids and the Alids created extremely large numbers of Traditions to try to get legitimacy for their own cause and to remove legitimacy from the other.该abbasids和alids造成了极为大量的传统，争取合法性，为自己的事业，并清除的合法性来自于其他。 This situation kept growing, until good storytellers came to be able to make a good living in creating entertaining Traditions, which the people immediately accepted as being true of the Prophet Muhammad.这种状况持续攀升，直至好的说书来可以使一个美好的生活，创造娱乐传统，其中的人立即接受了作为真正的先知穆罕默德。 Goldziher shows that storytellers eventually expressed the desire to be paid in cash for hadiths rendered. goldziher可见说书人，最后表示，希望以现金支付为hadiths费。 The very best storytellers became rather prosperous, in making up Traditions that seemed believable!极最佳说书变得相当繁荣，弥补了传统似乎可信！
This situation had gotten so bad that individuals like al-Bukhari began insisting on isnads for each hadith, with the intention of confirming the validity.这种情况怎么会变得如此恶劣，个人喜欢基地布哈里就开始坚持isnads每圣训，并打算证实该方法的有效性。 The storytellers often became very good at presenting believable isnads along with their entertaining false stories.该说书人往往成为很好的，在出示可信isnads随着其娱乐性的虚假故事。
After these six collections were accepted as authentic, their texts did not remain static.经过这6藏品被接受为真实的，他们的文本没有静止不变。 At one point, there were more than a dozen variations if the Bukhari text, and deliberate attempts to alter them also occurred, to benefit the credibility of the forces then in power.在这一点上，有10多座变异，如果布哈里文本，并蓄意企图改变他们也发生了，以造福于公信力的两股势力在权力。
An interesting observation of Goldziher and Schacht and other Islamicist scholars is that, commonly, isnads that were more elaborate and seemingly technically correct tended to be associated with spurious hadiths!一个有趣的观察goldziher和沙赫特和其他islamicist学者的是，常见的是， isnads被更详细和看似在技术上是正确的倾向被认为是与杂散hadiths ！ One of the brilliant ways that the scholars have shown that specific hadiths did not exist at specific times is that they were not used to support legal doctrines, where their presence would most certainly have been used as central evidence.其中一个最灿烂的方式，学者们证明，具体hadiths当时是不存在的特定时间，是他们不被用来支持法律学说，而他们的存在大可以肯定已被用来作为中央证据。
More recent massive scholarly research, particularly by John Wansbrough, concludes that virtually none of the hadiths are actually directly associated with the Prophet Muhammad.较近期的大规模的学术研究，特别是由约翰旺斯伯勒，得出结论认为，几乎没有任何的hadiths实际上是直接与先知穆罕默德。 Those researchers have various opinions of the consequences of that.这些研究人员有不同意见的后果。
Some Books of these Hadiths collected by al-Bukhari are presented in their entirety, translated into English, in the following links. 一些书籍，这些hadiths收集基地布哈里是在作整体考虑，翻译成英文，在以下几个环节。
This subject presentation in the original English language这一主题演讲，在原有的英语
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