Rosicrucians are members of a worldwide esoteric society whose official emblem combines a rose and a cross. rosicrucians加入了一个世界范围内深奥的社会,它的正式徽章结合了玫瑰和交叉。 The society was apparently founded in Europe in medieval times and was given impetus by the publication of Fama fraternitatis (Account of the Brotherhood, 1614) and the Confessio fraternitatis (Confession of the Brotherhood, 1615).社会显然是成立于欧洲中世纪时期,并带动了所发布的法玛fraternitatis (帐户的穆斯林兄弟会, 1614 )和confessio fraternitatis (招供的穆斯林兄弟会, 1615 ) 。 These pamphlets were probably written by the Lutheran pastor Johan Valentin Andrea (1586 - 1654).这些小册子,大概写的路德派牧师约翰瓦伦丁安德列( 1586 -1 654) 。 They describe the initiation into the mysteries of the east (particularly of ancient Egypt) of Christian Rosenkreuz, who was allegedly born in 1378 but is presumed to be an allegorical figure.他们形容起爆到的奥秘东部(尤其是古埃及)的基督教rosenkreuz ,据称此人出生在1378年,但被推定为一种寓言的数字。 In the 18th century several Rosicrucian groups were active in Russia, Poland, and Germany.在十八世纪的几个rosicrucian团体活跃在俄罗斯,波兰和德国。 The movement has close links with Freemasonry.不结盟运动有密切的联系,自由的。
The first Rosicrucian society in the United States was founded in Pennsylvania in 1694.第一rosicrucian社会,在美国成立于宾夕法尼亚州在1694年。 The Ancient Mystical Order Rosae Crucis has headquarters in San Jose, Calif. Founded in 1909 by H Spencer Lewis, AMORC is an international fraternal order that operates through a system of lodges and fosters the Rosicrucian philosophy of developing humankind's highest potentialities and psychic powers.古老神秘的秩序rosae交叉了总部位于美国加州圣荷西,始建于1909年由H斯宾塞刘易斯amorc是一个国际性的兄弟,以便通过一个系统的客栈,并有利于促进rosicrucian哲学的发展是人类的最高潜能和感情的权力。
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The original appelation of the alleged members of the occult-cabalistic-theosophic "Rosicrucian Brotherhood", described in the pamphlet "Fama Fraternitatis RC" (Rosae crucis), which was circulated in manuscript As early as 1610 and first appeared in print in 1614 at Cassel.原appelation所指称的成员隐匿- cabalistic - theosophic " rosicrucian兄弟" ,叙述的小册子, "法玛fraternitatis钢筋混凝土" ( rosae交叉) ,这是流传在手稿,早在16时10分首先出现在打印1614上cassel 。 To the first two additions were prefixed the tract "Allgemeine und Generalreforation der ganzen weiten Welt", a translation of Fr.以首两项增添后缀路轨"汇报und generalreforation明镜ganzen魏滕世界报" ,这是一个翻译的神父。 Boccalini's "Dei Ragguagli di Parnasso", 1612.博卡利尼的" dei ragguagli迪parnasso " ,第1612 。 Beginning with the fourth edition in 1615, the third Rosicrucian rudiment, "Confessio der Fraternitat", was added to the "Fama".首先是第四版,在1615年,第三次rosicrucian萌芽, " confessio明镜fraternitat " ,增加了以"法玛" 。 According to these, the Rosicrucian brotherhood was founded in 1408 by a German nobleman, Christian Rosenkreuz (1378-1484), a former monk, who while travelling through Damascus, Jerusalem and Fez had been initiated into Arabian learning (magic), and who considered an antipapal Christianity, tinged with theosophy, his ideal of a religion.根据这些因素, rosicrucian兄弟会成立于1408年,由一名德国贵族,基督教rosenkreuz ( 1378至1484年) ,一名前出家,而那些穿越大马士革,耶路撒冷和自由贸易区已经开始成为阿拉伯学习(魔术) ,并考虑一个antipapal基督教,带有theosophy ,他理想中的宗教。 Concerned above all else that their names should appear in the Book of Life, the brothers were to consider the making of gold as unimportant-although for the true philosophers (Occultists) this was an easy matter and a parergon.关注高于一切,他们的名字应该出现在这本书的生活中,兄弟两人考虑制定了黄金作为不重要的,尽管对于真正的哲人( occultists )这是一件容易的事和parergon 。 They must apply themselves zealously and in the deepest secrecy to the study of Nature in her hidden forces, and to making their discoveries and inventions known to the order and profitable to the needs of humanity.他们必须运用自己的热情,并在最深保密的,参加研究的性质,在她的隐藏力量,使他们有所发现,有所发明,向治安和盈利,以满足人类的。 And to further the object of the said order they must assemble annually at the "Edifice of the Holy Spirit", the secret head-quarters of the order, cure the sick gratuitously, and whilst each one procured himself a successor they must provide for the continuance of their order.并进一步对象的命令说,他们必须每年装配在"大厦的圣灵" ,秘密头部有四分之三的一声令下,治愈病人无端的,而每一个采购了自己的接班人,他们必须为延续他们的秩序。 Free from illness and pain, these "Invisibles", as they were called in the vernacular, were supposed to be yearning for the time when the church should be "purified".免于疾病和痛苦,这些"无形" ,因为它们被称为在白话文,原本应该向往的时候,教会应该是"纯净" 。 For two hundred years, while the world never had the least suspicion of their existence, the brotherhood transmitted by these means the wisdom of "Father" Rosenkreuz, one hundred and twenty years after the latter's burial, until about 1604 they finally became known.为二百年,而世界上从来没有过,至少怀疑他们的存在,兄弟转发通过这些手段的智慧, "爸爸" rosenkreuz ,一百二十年后,后者的墓地,直到1604年,他们终于成为众所周知的。 The "Fama", which effected this, invited "all of the scholars and rulers of Europe" openly to favour the cause, and eventually to sue for entrance into the fraternity, to which, nevertheless, only chosen souls would be admitted. "法玛" ,其中的影响,邀请"所有的学者和统治者的欧洲" ,公然偏袒事业,并最终提出控告,为进入博爱,其中,不过,只有选择灵魂将获准来港。 The morbid propensity of the age for esoterism, magic, and confederacies caused the "Fama" to raise a feverish excitement in men's minds, expressed in a flood of writings for and against the brotherhood, and in passionate efforts to win admission to the order, or at least to discover who were its members.病态倾向的年龄esoterism ,魔术,并confederacies ,致使"法玛" ,以提出一个狂热兴奋男子心中的表示,在洪水的著作和反对这个兄弟,并在激情的努力争取入学一声令下,或者至少发现被它的成员。 All of these endeavours, even by scholars of real repute like Descartes and Leibniz, were without results.所有这些努力,即使是由学者的真正享负盛名像笛卡尔和莱布尼茨,均没有结果。 From the manifestly fabulous and impossible "History" of the brotherhood, it was apparent that it depended upon a "mystification".从明显出色,是不可能的"历史"的兄弟关系,可以看得出来,它取决于一个"雾里看花" 。 This mystification was directly explained by an investigation by the author, who appears unquestionable to have been the Lutheran theologian of Würtemberg, John Valentin Andrea (1586-1654).这个雾里看花直接解释,由调查由作者,他们似乎是不可置疑的,以已路德神学的würtemberg ,约翰瓦伦丁安德列( 1586年至1654年) 。 According to his own admission, Andrea composed in 1602 or 1603 the Rosicrucian book, "Chymische Hochzeit Christiani Rosenkreuz 1459", which appeared in 1616.据他自己承认,安德列组成, 1602年或1603年rosicrucian书" , chymische hochzeit christiani rosenkreuz 1459 " ,这似乎是1616年。 This book, called by Andrea himself a youthful literary trifle in which he intended to ridicule the mania of the times for occult marvels (Life, p. 10), bears the closest intrinsic relation to the "Fama", which, in the light of this, is undoubtedly a later work of Andreä's or at least of one of the circle of friends inspired by him.这本书,所谓由安德烈自己是一个青春文学小事中,他有意挖苦癫狂的时代,为隐匿奇迹(生活中,第10页) ,熊最接近的内在关系,以"法玛" ,其中,鉴于这一点,无疑是一个后来的工作andreä的,或至少其中的一所朋友圈中的灵感由他来决定。 Alchemistic occultism is mocked at in these works and in the "General-Reformation", the follies of the then untimely reformers of the world are openly ridiculed. alchemistic神秘学的是嘲笑,在这些工程,并在"改造" ,愚蠢的,当时生不逢时改革者的世界是公然嘲笑。 The fantastic form of the tracts is borrowed from contemporary romances of knighthood and travel.神奇形式的大片,是借来的,从当代传奇的爵位和旅行。 The "Rosy Cross" was chosen for the symbol of the order because, first, the rose and cross were ancient symbols of occultism and, secondly, occur in the family arms of Andrea. "美丽的十字架"是挑选的象征秩序,首先是因为,玫瑰和跨分别为古代符号的神秘学,其次是发生在家庭武器安德列。 It recalls Luther's motto: "Des Christen Hertz auf Rosen geht, wenn's mitten unter'm Kreuze steht" (Hossback, 121).它回顾了路德的座右铭: "万命名赫兹auf罗森geht ,了!的中华绒螯蟹unter'm kreuze steht " ( hossback , 121 ) 。 As a result of his satirically meant but seriously accepted works, which soon gave rise to occult humbuggery (opposed by him) in new Rosicrucian raiment, Andrea openly renounced Rosicrucianism and frequently referred to it as a ridiculous comedy and folly.由于他的satirically意思,但认真接受建设工程,很快引起了隐匿humbuggery (反对他)在新的rosicrucian衣服,安德烈,公然背弃rosicrucianism和经常提到它作为一个荒谬喜剧和蠢事。 In spite of this, the Rosicrucian fraud, which served in many ways as a model for the anti-Masonic Taxil-Schwindel, has continued effective until the present day.虽然如此, rosicrucian欺诈,其中服务在许多方面作为一个典范,为防共济taxil - schwindel ,继续有效,直至今天。 In the seventeenth century Michael Maier and Robert Fludd were its champions.在17世纪迈克尔麦尔和罗伯特弗拉德被其夺得冠军。
Psuedo-Rosicrucian societies arose, falsely claiming descent from the genuine fraternity of the "Fama".拟rosicrucian社团出现时,假称后裔,从真正博爱的"法玛" 。 After 1750 occult Rosicrucianism was propagated by Freemasonry, where it led to endless extravagant manifestations (St. Germain, Cagliostro, Schropfer, Wollner etc.). 1750年后,隐匿rosicrucianism是由宣扬自由的,它导致了无休止的奢华表现(圣队, cagliostro , schropfer , wollner等) 。 In the system of high degrees in "Scottish" Freemasonry, especially in the Rosendruez degree, the Rosicrucian symbols are still retained with a Masonic interpretation.在系统中的高度,在"苏格兰"的,自由的,特别是在rosendruez学士, rosicrucian符号仍保留了一个共济会的解释。 Finally, since about 1866 there have existed in England and Scotland (London, Newcastle, York, Glasgow) and in the United States (Boston, Philadelphia) "colleges" of a Masonic Rosicrucian society, whose members claim to be direct descendants of the brotherhood founded in 1408.最后,由于大约有1866年,已存在于英格兰和苏格兰(伦敦,纽卡斯尔,约克,格拉斯哥) ,并在美国(波士顿,费城) , "学院"一雍仁rosicrucian社会,其成员声称可直接后裔的兄弟情谊成立于1408年。 Only Master Masons are eligible for membership.只有掌握石匠有资格入会。 According to the definition of the president of the London branch (Supreme Magus), Brother Dr. Wm.根据定义主席的伦敦分行(最高法院magus ) ,兄弟博士西医结合。 Wynn Westcott, MB, PZ, it is "the aim of the Society to afford mutual aid and encouragement in working out the great problems of life and in searching out the secrets of nature; to facilitate the study of philosophy founded upon the Kabbalah and the doctrines of Hermes Trismegistus, which was inculcated by the original Fratres Roseae Crucis of Germany, AD 1450; and to investigate the meaning and symbolism of all that now remains of the wisdom, art, and literature of the ancient world".韦恩westcott , MB的,专业问题,它是"学会的目标,以负担得起的互助和鼓励,在工作的重大问题,生活中,在寻找的秘密性质,以促进学习哲学创立后,卡巴拉和学说赫尔梅斯trismegistus ,这是灌输所原fratres roseae交叉的德国,公元1450年;以及调查的意义和象征意义都表示,现在仍然是智慧,艺术和文学的古代世界" 。 The view which has been lately revived, especially by Katsch and Pike, that Rosicrucianism definitely or even perceptibly cooperated in the foundation of modern Freemasonry in 1717, is contradicted by well-known historical facts.这个观点已被近来死灰复燃,尤其是katsch和派克, rosicrucianism肯定,甚至perceptibly合作的基础,现代,自由,在1717年,是相矛盾的,由著名的历史事实。
Publication information Written by Hermann Gruber.出版信息写赫尔曼古柏。 Transcribed by John Looby.转录约翰looby 。 The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume XIII.天主教百科全书,体积十三。 Published 1912. 1912年出版。 New York: Robert Appleton Company.纽约:罗伯特Appleton还公司。 Nihil Obstat, February 1, 1912. nihil obstat , 1912年2月1日。 Remy Lafort, DD, Censor.人头马lafort ,副署长,检查员。 Imprimatur. imprimatur 。 +John Cardinal Farley, Archbishop of New York +约翰farley枢机主教,大主教纽约
Bibliography参考书目
ARNOLD, "Unparteiische Kirchen u. Ketzerhistorie", II (Frankfort, 1699), 640 sq.; HERDER, "Samtl. Werke" (Berlin, 1888), XV, 82 sq.; XVI, 596 sq.; BUHLE, "ursprung ud vornehmsten Schicksale der Rosenkreuzer u Freimaurer" (Gottingen, 1804); NIKOLAI, Einige Bemerkungen uber den Ursprung ud Gesach.阿诺德, " unparteiische kirchen美国ketzerhistorie " ,第二章(法兰克福, 1699 ) , 640平方米;牧民, " samtl 。 werke " (柏林, 1888年) ,十五, 82平方米;十六, 596平方米; buhle , " ursprung寰龙vornehmsten schicksale明镜rosenkreuzer u freimaurer " (哥丁根, 1804年) ;尼古拉, einige bemerkungen产品书斋ursprung寰龙gesach 。 D. Rosendreuzer u.四rosendreuzer美国 Freimaurer" (Berlin, 1806); HOSSBACH, JU. W. "Andrea u. freimaurer " (柏林, 1806 ) ;霍斯巴赫,炬。小"安德列美国 sein zeitalter" (Berlin, 1819); GUHRAUER, "Zeitschr.登盛时代下" (柏林, 1819 ) ; guhrauer , " zeitschr 。 F. hist.楼250 。 Theol. theol 。 (1852), 298 sq.; SIERKE, "Schwarmer u. Schwinder zu Ende d. 18 Jahrh. " (Leipzig, 1874); KOPP, "Die Alchemie", II (Heidelberg, 1886); WAITE, "The real History of the Rosicrucians" (London, 1887), needs revision; KATSCH, "Die Entstehung ud wahre Endzweck d. Freimaurerei" (Berlin, 1897); HEFELE [RAICH] in "Kirchenlex.", sv "Rosendreuzer"; HERMELINK in "Realencyk." ( 1852年) , 298平方米; sierke , " schwarmer美国schwinder祖恩德四18 jahrh " (莱比锡, 1874年) ; kopp , "死alchemie " ,第二章(海德堡, 1886年) ; waite , "真正的历史该rosicrucians " (伦敦, 1887年) ,需要修改; katsch , "死entstehung寰龙wahre endzweck四freimaurerei " (柏林, 1897年) ;黑弗勒[ raich ]在" kirchenlex " , sv " rosendreuzer " ; hermelink在" realencyk 。 " F. prot.楼质子。 Theol., sv "Rosenkreuzer"; "Allg. Handbuch d. Freimaurerei", II (3rd ed., 1900), 259-63; BEGMANN, "Monatshefte d. Comenius-Gesellschaft" (Berlin), V (1896), 212 sq.,; VI (1897), 204 sq.; VIII (1899), 145 sq.; "Zirkelkorrespondenz" (Berlin, 1896), 212; "Vorgessch. U. Anfange d. Freimaurerei in England", I (1909), II (1910), 16, 384; GOULD, Hist of Freemasonry", II (London, 1884), 60 sq.; "Concise Hist. theol , sv " rosenkreuzer " , " allg 。 handbuch四freimaurerei " ,第二章(第3版, 1900 ) , 259-63 ; begmann , " monatshefte四纽斯-公司( " (柏林) ,第五( 1896 ) , 212平方公里, ;第六( 1897 ) , 204平方米;八( 1899 ) , 145平方米; " zirkelkorrespondenz " (柏林, 1896年) , 212 " ; vorgessch ,美国anfange四freimaurerei在英格兰" ,我( 1909 )第一,二( 1910 ) , 16 , 384 ;古尔德,历史的,自由的" ,第二章(伦敦, 1884年) , 60平方米; "简明历史。 Of Freemasonry" (London, 1903), 61-93; "Ars Quatuor Coronatorum", transactions (London), I (1888), 28, 54; V (1892), 67; VI (1893), 202 sq.,; VII (1894), 36 sq., 83; VIII (1895), 46; "The Theosophist" (Madras, 1886), VII, 451 sq., VIII, IX, X; "Rosicrucian Society of England: rules and Ordinances" (London, 1881); revised 1882); Transacations, etc" (1879-91); "The Rosicrucian: A Quarterly Record" (1868-79); KLOSS, "Bibliog. D. Freimaurerei, etc."的,自由的" (伦敦, 1903 ) , 61-93 ; " ,人工鱼礁quatuor coronatorum "交易(伦敦) ,我( 1888 ) , 28 , 54 ;第五( 1892 ) , 67岁;六( 1893 ) , 202平方米, ;第七章( 1894 ) , 36平方, 83个;八( 1895年) , 46 , " theosophist " (马德拉斯, 1886年) ,第七章, 451平方,第八,第九,第十; " rosicrucian社会的英国:规则和条例" (伦敦, 1881年) ;修订, 1882年) ; transacations等" ( 1879至1891年) , " rosicrucian :每季纪录" ( 1868至1879年) ; kloss " , bibliog 。四freimaurerei ,等等" 。 (Frandfort, 1844), 174-201, gives 274 works on the subject; GARDNER, "Bibliotheca Rosicruciana": I, catalogue (London, privately printed, 1903), gives a list of 604 works on the subject. ( frandfort , 1844年) , 174-201 ,使274工程课题;加德纳, "书目rosicruciana " :我目录(伦敦,私下印制, 1903 ) ,给人的名单, 604工程,对这项议题。
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