Rastafarians are members of a Jamaican messianic movement dating back to the 1930s; in 1974 they were estimated to number 20,000 in Jamaica.拉斯特法里崇拜者成员牙买加救世主运动可以追溯到20世纪30年代，在1974年，他们估计数为20000名在牙买加。 According to Rastafarian belief the only true God is the late Ethiopian emperor Haile Selassie (originally known as Ras Tafari ), and Ethiopia is the true Zion.据rastafarian信仰独一的真神，是已故埃塞俄比亚海尔塞拉西（原来称为ras基因tafari ） ，和埃塞俄比亚是真正的锡安。 Rastafarians claim that white Christian preachers and missionaries have perverted the Scriptures to conceal the fact that Adam and Jesus were black.拉斯特法里崇拜者声称白人基督教传教士和传教士已经涉嫌妨碍经文，以掩盖事实，即亚当和耶稣是黑人。 Their rituals include the use of marijuana and the chanting of revivalist hymns.其仪式包括使用大麻和叫喊的复兴主义的赞美诗。 Reggae music is the popular music of the movement.雷鬼音乐是流行音乐的运动。 The Rastafarians, who stress black separatism, have exercised some political influence in Jamaica.该拉斯特法里崇拜者，他们强调黑人分裂，已经行使了一些政治影响力，在牙买加。
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Haile Selassie was emperor of Ethiopia from 1930 to 1974.海尔塞拉西是皇帝的埃塞俄比亚，从1930年至1974年。 A cousin of Emperor Menelik II, he was born Tafari Makonnen on July 23, 1892.堂弟皇帝menelik第二，他出生tafari makonnen于1892年7月23日。 Menelik was succeeded in 1913 by his grandson Lij Yasu, a converted Muslim. menelik被成功地于1913年由他的孙子lij野洲，一辆经过改装的穆斯林。 When Lij Yasu attempted to change the official religion of Ethiopia from Coptic Christianity to Islam, Tafari Makonnen drove him from the throne and installed (1916) his aunt as Empress Zauditu.当lij野洲试图改变对官方宗教的埃塞俄比亚从科普特基督教到伊斯兰教， tafari makonnen开车送他从宝座和安装（ 1916年）表示，他的姑姑家，由于慈禧zauditu 。 Assuming the title Ras Tafari , he named himself regent and heir to the throne.假设标题ras基因tafari ，他自己命名为摄政和王位继承人。 He became de facto ruler of the country and was crowned king in 1928.他成为事实上的统治者，为国家和加冕国王于1928年。 Two years later, after the mysterious death of the empress, he became emperor as Haile Selassie I.两年后，在后神秘死亡的慈禧，他成为天皇海尔塞拉一。
Haile Selassie ruled as an absolute monarch, centralizing Ethiopia and instituting a number of reforms, including the abolition of slavery.海尔塞拉西裁定为绝对君主集权埃塞俄比亚和实行了一些改革，包括废除奴隶制。 In 1935, after the Italian Fascist troops of Benito Mussolini had invaded Ethiopia, Haile Selassie gained the admiration and sympathy of the world with his impassioned plea for aid from the League of Nations.在1935年后，意大利法西斯军队的墨索里尼入侵埃塞俄比亚，海尔塞拉西得到敬佩和同情的世界，他的慷慨激昂的呼吁援助国联。 The league was powerless to act, however, and Mussolini consolidated his gains and officially annexed Ethiopia to Italy.该联盟是无能为力的行为，不过，与墨索里尼巩固了他的收获和所附正式埃塞俄比亚意大利。 Haile Selassie was forced into exile.海尔塞拉西被迫流亡国外。 Ethiopia was liberated early in World War II, and Haile Selassie regained his throne in 1941.埃塞俄比亚是解放早在第二次世界大战中，并海尔塞拉苏醒，他的王座在1941年。
After the war he resumed his long-range plans to modernize Ethiopia.战争结束后，他恢复了他的远景规划，以现代化埃塞俄比亚。 He continued his autocratic rule, however, and opposition to him grew.他继续自己的独裁统治，但是，与反对他长大。 Beginning in 1960 a series of coups d'etat were attempted, and in reaction his rule became increasingly despotic.开始于1960年一连串的政变企图，并在反应他的统治变得越来越专制。 Finally, in 1974 the army succeeded in seizing control.最后，在1974年军队成功地夺取了控制。 Haile Selassie was stripped of his powers, and later that year he was removed from the throne and placed under house arrest.海尔塞拉西被剥夺他的权力，而该年稍后，他被清除出宝座，并受到软禁。 He died in Addis Ababa on Aug. 27, 1975.他死在亚的斯亚贝巴举行的关于1975年8月27日。
Bibliography
参考书目
Clapham,
Christopher S., Haile Selassie's Government (1969); Haile Selassie I, The
Autobiography of Emperor Haile Selassie I, trans.和Clapham
，克里斯托弗在美因海尔塞拉西的政府（ 1969年） ;海尔塞拉我自传的海尔塞拉西皇帝，我转。 by E. Ullendorff (1976); Kapuscinski,
Ryszard, The Emperor, trans.由体育ullendorff （ 1976年） ;卡布辛斯基， ryszard
，皇帝，跨。 by WR Brand and
K. Mroczkowska-Brand (1983); Legum, Colin, Ethiopia: The Fall of Haile
Selassie's Empire (1975); Marcus, Harold G., Haile Selassie: The Formative Years
(1986); Mosley, Leonard, Haile Selassie: The Conquering Lion (1964); Shwab,
Peter, ed., Ethiopia and Haile Selassie (1972) and Haile Selassie I
(1979).由西铁的品牌和K mroczkowska品牌（ 1983年） ;专攻科林说，埃塞俄比亚：秋天海尔塞拉西的帝国（ 1975年）
;马库斯，哈罗德g. ，海尔塞拉：形成期（ 1986年） ;莫斯利，安仔，乐赛：无坚不摧的狮子（ 1964 ） ; shwab
，彼得版，埃塞俄比亚和海尔塞拉西（ 1972年）和海尔塞拉我（ 1979年） 。
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