Baha'i is a religious movement founded in the 19th century by the Persian Bahaullah.巴哈教是一个宗教运动成立于19世纪由波斯bahaullah 。 It claims members in practically every country of the world.它声称成员，在几乎每一个国家对世界的看法。 Objecting to polygamy, slavery of any kind, religious prejudices, and politicized religion, Baha'is call for world peace and harmony.反对一夫多妻制，奴隶制而没有任何歧视，宗教偏见，政治和宗教，巴哈教徒呼吁为世界和平与和谐之中。 The ideals of a world federalist government and a new world language are also a part of their teachings.理想的一个世界联邦主义政府和一个新的世界语言，也是他们的部分教义。 Recognition of the common ground of all religions is seen as fostering this move toward global unity; Krishna, Buddha, Moses, Zarathustra, Jesus, and Muhammad are all recognized as divine manifestations, a series of prophets culminating in Bahaullah.认识到这一共同点的所有宗教被视为是促进这个走向全球团结的;克里希纳，佛陀，摩西，查拉图斯特拉，耶稣，穆罕默德，都是公认神圣的表现，一系列的先知，最终bahaullah 。 Nonresistance, respect for persons, and legal recognition of the equal rights of both sexes constitute additional aspects of Baha'i teaching.不抵抗，尊重人，并从法律上承认的平等权利，男女双方构成额外方面的巴哈教教学。
By the time of Bahaullah's death in 1892, the Baha'i faith had won adherents throughout the Middle East.经过一段时期的bahaullah的去世于1892年，巴哈教信仰赢得了信徒们在整个中东地区。 Under his son Abbas Effendi (or Abdul Baha, 1844 - 1921), who succeeded him as the movement's leader, it spread to Europe and the United States.根据他的儿子阿巴斯effendi （或阿卜杜勒巴哈， 1844 -1 921年） ，接替他担任不结盟运动的领袖，它蔓延到欧洲和美国。 Abbas Effendi was succeeded by his grandson, Shoghi Effendi (1897 - 1957).阿巴斯effendi继任他的孙子， shoghi effendi （ 1897 -1 957） 。 Since Shoghi Effendi's death, the Baha'is have been governed by elected leaders.自shoghi effendi去世后，巴哈教徒已经由经选举产生的领导人。 Divided into more than 130 national assemblies and more than 26,000 local assemblies, they are estimated to number about 2 million worldwide.分成了130多个国家的集会，以及超过26000名地方议会，他们是估计人数约为200万。 Since the establishment of the Islamic Republic of Iran in 1979, the discrimination to which Baha'is have always been subjected in the country of their origin has escalated into outright persecution.自成立以来，伊朗伊斯兰共和国在1979年，歧视，其中以巴哈教徒一直受到该国的产地已经升级到买断迫害。
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The Baha'i faith aims at a universal community of the human race; unity of all religions; and peace; for the whole world.巴哈教信仰的目的，在社会上普遍的人类;团结一切宗教以及和平，为整个世界的利益。 Its founder was Baha'u'llah, lived in Persia in the latter half of the nineteenth century.其创始人是巴哈欧拉，住在波斯，在后者的十九世纪下半叶。 He and his followers believe in the teachings of Moses and Jesus, Krishna and Buddha, Zoroaster, Muhammed, and the other major religious figures of history.他和他的信徒们相信，在教学中的摩西和耶稣，克利须那和佛陀， zoroaster ，穆罕默德和其他主要的宗教人物的历史。 All are considered correct and are to be reconciled into a comprehensive world religion for all men.所有被认为是正确的，它们分别被调和成为一个全面的世界宗教，对所有男性。
Each of the planet's six inhabited continents has one Temple.每一个星球上的6个有人居住的大陆上有一个庙。 Each has unique architecture, but all have nine - symmetry, with nine identical entry doors so that members of each of the nine major religions of the world are welcomed.每一个有独特建筑，但全部有九个-对称，有9个相同的入境大门，让大家对每九个主要宗教的世界受到欢迎。 Services are weekly with meditation available between.服务，而且每周与冥想可之间。 The services include readings from scriptures of the world's religions.这些服务包括：读，从经文的世界宗教的。
All races, nationalities, and creeds are welcomed into their fellowship, in recognition that we all originated from the same "tree."所有种族，民族和宗教信条，欢迎他们到奖学金，认识到我们都源自相同的"树" 。 There is no ritual and no clergy.有没有仪式，并没有教士。 "Teachers" and "pioneers" are unpaid assistance for students. "老师"和"开路先锋" ，是无偿援助，为学生。 Marriage and funeral services are simple and flexible.婚姻和殡仪服务既简单又灵活。 Virtually no buildings or assets are owned (except for the 6 Temples), so there is little emphasis on monetary or worldly concerns.几乎没有任何建筑物或资产是国有（除6庙宇） ，所以很少强调对货币或世俗化的关注。 Local meetings are generally in constituents' homes, with a few conventions for interspersal of knowledge.地方会议一般是在选民家中，与数公约interspersal的知识。
Most religions look for differences in competing religions in order to criticize those believers as having wrong beliefs. 大多数宗教都寻求差异竞争的宗教，为了批判那些信徒有信仰的误区。 Baha'i look for agreements with other religions in order to build common foundations for the eventual universal religion. 巴哈教寻找协定与其他宗教，以建立共同的基础，为最终实现全民宗教。
Funds which are given to the Baha'i go almost exclusively to publishing a large assortment of writings (many written by Baha'u'llah) which generally emphasize the commonalities of beliefs of the world's religions.资金，这是考虑到巴哈教到几乎毫无例外地出版一本大型的著作（许多写巴哈欧拉） ，其中一般强调共性的信仰的世界宗教的。 These writings have been translated into over 700 languages!这些作品已被翻译成700多个语言！
Several of these are amazing considering they were espoused about 150 years ago, at a time when, in America, slavery was common and women didn't have the vote.几个这些都是了不起的考虑，他们信奉约在150多年前，在这样一个时刻，在美国，奴隶制是常见的妇女没有投票。
Some guiding principles are very strict.一些指导原则，是十分严格。 Smoking and drinking are absolutely banned.吸烟和饮酒是绝对禁止。 So are slavery, asceticism, monasticism.那么，是奴役，禁欲，修道生活。 Idleness is condemned.闲置是谴责。 Monogamy, strict obedience to one's government, and any works performed in the spirit of service are exalted.一夫一妻，严格的组织纪律，以一个人的政府，任何工程在服务精神，是开天辟地的。
There are no initiation rites, priesthood or sacraments in the Baha'i religion.有没有启动仪式，神职人员或圣礼，在巴哈教的宗教。 Baha'is are required to pray every day; to meet at the first day of each Baha'i month for celebration; to fast from dawn to sunset during the month of 'Ala; to avoid drugs or alcohol; to avoid membership of political parties; and to observe particular holy days such as the birth of Baha Allah and the martyrdom of the Bab.巴哈教徒必须祈祷，每天开会的第一天，每个巴哈教一个月为庆祝;较快，从黎明到日落期间一个月的'助理法律顾问;避免药物或酒精，以避免成员的政党;和观察，特别是神圣的日子，如诞生巴哈安拉和殉难的2000年银行业。
Emphasis is placed on the unity of humanity and the absolute equality of men and women.重点放在统一，人性化与绝对平等的男性和女性。 Baha'is see themselves working towards the establishment of a world government which will eradicate extremes of wealth and poverty.巴哈教徒看到自己的工作，争取建立一个世界政府，这将根除极端的财富和贫穷。 There is no single Baha'i sacred text.不存在单一的巴哈教神圣的文本。 The writings of Baha Allah are, however, treated as sacred.著作巴哈安拉，但被视为神圣的。 The most important of these are: The Most Holy Book, The Book of Certitude, The Hidden Words, The Seven Valleys, and Epistle to the Son of the Wolf.其中最重要的是：最圣洁的书，这本书的certitude ，隐藏字，这7个峡谷，和书信向儿子的狼。
On the death of Baha Allah, the movement came under the leadership of his eldest son 'Abbas Effendi (1844-1921), who acquired the title 'Abd al-Baha ("servant of the glory of God").对死亡的巴哈安拉，运动诞生的领导下，他的长子'阿巴斯effendi （ 1844至1921年） ，他获得了冠军'阿卜杜勒巴哈（ "仆人神的荣耀" ） 。 After a spell in prison under the Ottoman Turks he undertook three missionary journeys: to Egypt (1910), to Europe (1911), and to the United States and Europe (1912-1913).经过咒语在狱中下奥斯曼土耳其人他进行了三次传教行程：埃及（ 1910年） ，欧洲（ 1911年） ，以及向美国和欧洲（ 1912年至1913年） 。 Lecturing to large audiences, he both consolidated Baha'ism in these parts of the world and systematised his father's teachings.宣讲到大批观众，他既巩固了巴哈派，在世界上的这些地方和系统化他父亲的教诲。
'Abbas Effendi was succeeded by his grandson, Shoghi Effendi (1897-1957), who directed his energies into developing the Baha'i communities in Europe and North America. '阿巴斯effendi继任他的孙子， shoghi effendi （ 1897至1957年） ，他指示他的精力来发展巴哈教社区在欧洲和北美。 Under his leadership the Baha'i community came to be organised within a system based on local and national assemblies.在他的领导下巴哈教徒前来举办一个系统基于地方和国家的集会。 When he died in 1957 he left no heirs, and the movement's organisation was placed under the jurisdiction of a body known as the Council of the Hands of the Cause.当他死于1957年，他没有留下继承人，以及运动的组织划归管辖的一个机构，被称为安理会的手中事业。 In 1962 the International House of Justice was established in Haifa.在1962年国际内务司法成立于海法。 This body is reelected every five years.这个机构是连任，每5年一次。
Today Baha'i communities can be found in almost every country in the world.今天巴哈教社区，可以发现，几乎世界上每一个国家。 In Iran they continue to represent the largest minority religious group, and have suffered particularly during the period of the Iranian revolution.在伊朗，他们将继续代表最大的少数民族宗教组，并已遭受特别期间，伊朗革命。
The number 9 is regarded as possessing important mystical properties and is sometimes used for decoration.有多少九日被视为是具有重要的神秘性质，是有时被用来装饰。 The Baha'i place of worship is called in Arabic the mashriq al-adhkar (which means the "place where the uttering of the name of God arises at dawn").巴哈教礼拜场所，是所谓在阿拉伯语的mashriq基地adhkar （按，指"的地方，使用伪造的真主的名义出现在黎明" ） 。 The mashriq is a nine sided building in keeping with the mystical qualities of the number 9.该mashriq是一种片面的九个建设符合神秘特质的数目9 。
General Information 一般资料
Bahaullah ("Splendor of God") is the title assumed around 1866 by the Iranian religious leader Mirza Husayn Ali, b. bahaullah （ "辉煌的上帝" ） ，是标题假定1866年左右，由伊朗宗教领袖米尔扎侯赛因阿里，乙 Nov. 12, 1817. 1817年11月12日。 He proclaimed himself to be the person announced by the Bab as the one who would bring his work to completion.他自称是被人宣布，由2000年银行业作为一个人，将携带他的工作完成。 The Baha'i movement, which arose from Bahaullah's teaching, spread as far as Europe and the United States during the time of Abbas Effendi, the son and successor of Bahaullah.巴哈教运动，这是因为bahaullah的教学，传播，据欧洲和美国，在这段日子的阿巴斯effendi ，儿子和接班人的bahaullah 。 The latter died, while in exile in Acre, Palestine, on May 29, 1897.后者死亡，而流亡在英亩，巴勒斯坦，于1897年5月29日。
Willem A Bijlefeld威廉1 bijlefeld
Bibliography:
参考书目：
S Effendi, The World Order of
Baha'u'llah (1974); WM Miller, The Baha'i Faith: Its History and Teachings
(1974). s effendi ，世界秩序的巴哈欧拉（ 1974年） ;西医结合米勒，巴哈教信仰：它的历史和教义（ 1974 ）
。
General Information 一般资料
Babism is a religious movement founded by Mirza Ali Muhammad of Shiraz (Iran), who announced his divine election as the Bab in 1844. babism是一个宗教运动创办的米尔扎穆罕默德阿里的设拉子（伊朗） ，世卫组织公布了他的神当选为2000年银行业在1844年。 This title, meaning "doorway to knowledge," was understood by many to imply that Muhammad of Shiraz claimed to have received a divine manifestation surpassing in significance the revelation granted to the prophet Muhammed, and that his book of revelation, the Bayan, overshadowed the Koran.这个名称，意思是"大门，以知识" ，被理解为是由许多暗示穆罕默德的设拉子声称已经收到了神圣的表现超越意义启示给先知穆罕默德，并认为他书中的启示，巴彦，盖过可兰经。
Understandably, serious tensions arose, and the Bab was executed (1850).可以理解的是，严重的紧张局势出现了，与2000年银行业被处决（ 1850 ） 。 When an attempt to assassinate the Shah failed in 1852, the persecution of the Babis intensified.当试图暗杀沙阿未能在1852年，这场迫害的babis加剧。 The Bab's successor fled to Baghdad with his half brother Mirza Husayn Ali, who was later on recognized by most followers as the Bahaullah ("Splendor of God").在2000年银行业的继任者逃往巴格达与他的同父异母兄弟，米尔扎侯赛因阿里，他后来承认，大多数信徒为bahaullah （ "辉煌的上帝" ） 。 The religious movement led by the Bahaullah became known as Baha'i.宗教运动所主导bahaullah后来被称为巴哈教。
Willem A Bijlefeld威廉1 bijlefeld
Bibliography:
参考书目：
HM Balyuzi, The Bab (1973); WM Miller,
The Baha'i Faith: Its History and Teachings (1974); P Smith, The Babi and Baha'i
Religions (1987). balyuzi陛下， 2000年银行业（ 1973年） ;西医结合米勒，巴哈教信仰：它的历史和教义（
1974年） ; p史密斯， babi和巴哈教的宗教（ 1987 ） 。
JIMcGrath
jimcgrath
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