Literalism is a commitment to strict exactness of words or meanings in translation or interpretation. A literal translation seeks to represent as accurately as possible in one language the words which were written in another. literalism是一个承诺，严格精确的字或词在翻译或口译服务。字面翻译的目的是代表尽可能准确地在一种语言的话，其中的书面在另一个。 By way of contrast, a paraphrase translation seeks only to reproduce the meaning (or the translator's understanding of the meaning) of the original.的方式，相比之下，段翻译的目的，不仅重现的含义（或译者的理解的意思）原。
Most often literalism is used in connection with biblical interpretation.最常见的literalism是用在涉嫌与圣经的解释。 Generally it seeks to discover the author's intent by focusing upon his words in their plain, most obvious sense.一般而言，旨在发现作者的意图，重点后，他的话在他们的平原，最明显的常识。 The Jewish rabbis practiced an extreme form of literalism which stressed external and even minor points of OT or traditional requirements.犹太拉比实行一种极端的形式literalism强调外部，甚至轻微的点，职能治疗或传统的要求。 They gave little thought to the intent or purpose that lay behind the texts with which they dealt and so received the condemnation of Jesus (Matt. 23:23 - 24; Mark 7:3 - 23).他们给小思想向意图或目的奠定背后的文本与它们处理等，收到了谴责耶稣（ matt. 23时23 -2 4;马克7点0 3分- 23 ）。 Medieval interpreters sought a fourfold meaning (the quadriga), literal, moral, allegorical, and anagogical, for every text.中世纪口译寻求四倍的意义（ quadriga ） ，字面，道德，寓言， anagogical ，每案文。 The plain, literal meaning was considered the lowest and least important level of meaning and received little attention.平原，字面意思被认为是最低的和最不发达国家的水平，重要意义和所收到的很少注意。 Disregard for the literal meaning led many of these theologians into sometimes wild speculations and vastly different allegorical or mystical interpretations for the same text.无视字面意思，导致许多这些神学家，有时到野生猜测和截然不同的寓言或神秘的解释为相同的文字。
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Since the Reformation at least two main trajectories of thought have come to be associated with literalism.自改革至少有两个主要的运动轨迹的思路来联系literalism 。 One attitude seems akin to that of the rabbis. 1态度似乎类似，即拉比。 It approaches the text in such a strict, unimaginative way that word and letter are permitted to suppress the spirit of the text.它的办法的文本在这种严格的，想像力的方式， Word和信获准以压抑的精神文本。 Interpretation becomes a mechanical, grammatical, logical process.解释成为机械，语法，逻辑进程。 In extreme forms this type of literalism makes no room for special consideration for figurative literary forms such as poetry or metaphor nor for the possibility of unique situations addressed by the author.在极端形式这种类型的literalism不作任何的余地，特别要考虑到形象化的文学形式，如诗歌或隐喻，也没有为的可能性，特殊的情况下所涉及的作者。
Other contemporary adherents of literalism, no less devoted to finding the true meaning of the text as intended by the author, employ different attitudes and methodologies.其他当代的遗民literalism ，不低于致力于寻找的真正含义，案文打算由作者，聘请不同的态度和方法。 They seek to apply interpretative principles and rules with a sense of appropriateness and sensitivity.他们所寻求的申请释义的原则和规则与责任感的适宜性和敏感性。 In addition to grammatical and philosophical investigations they employ information about the author's historical and cultural situation that may aid in interpretation.此外，语法和哲学的调查，他们聘请有关作者的历史和文化的局面，可能在援助的解释。 Differing literary forms and genres are handled with methods suitable to their type.不同的文学形式和类型，处理的方法适合其类型。 Individual passages are considered within their immediate context in the writing in which they appear as well as within the totality of Scripture.个别通道，是考虑他们的切身的背景下，在以书面形式在他们看来，以及内部的全部经文。 These interpreters focus upon words and externals in order that these may lead them to the meaning and spirit of the text.这些口译员的焦点后的言论和外部，为了这些可能导致他们的意义和精神的案文。 For them "literalism" means to seek the plain meaning without exaggeration, distortion, or inaccuracy.为他们“ literalism ”的手段来谋求平原的意思没有夸张，失真，或不准确。
JJ Scott,
Jr.斯科特的JJ ，小
(Elwell Evangelical Dictionary)
（ elwell福音事工促进会，字典）
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