The Amish church, a branch of the Mennonites, is a Protestant religious group descended from the 16th-century Anabaptists.阿米绪的教会，分行的门诺教派，是一个新教集团的后裔，从16世纪anabaptists 。 The Amish take their name from Jacob Ammann, a Swiss Mennonite bishop who in 1693 broke away from the main body of Mennonites, feeling that they had strayed from the strict austerity of their forebears.阿米绪以他们的名字从雅各安曼，一名瑞士门诺主教谁在1693年脱离主体的门诺教派，感觉他们已偏离了严格的紧缩他们的祖先。 Ammann's followers began emigrating to Pennsylvania from Switzerland and Germany about 1710, and by 1787 had established 70 congregations there.安曼的追随者开始移居宾夕法尼亚州从瑞士和德国约1710年，由1787年设立了70个教区有。 The Amish later spread to Ohio, Indiana, and Ontario in Canada.阿米绪后来蔓延到俄亥俄，印第安纳，和加拿大安大略省。 Today they still exist in all these areas (and others), numbering about 40,000.今天，他们依然存在，在所有这些领域（和其他人） ，电话号码约4.0万。
The Old Order Amish, who form the majority, reject infant baptism, the swearing of oaths, and military service, and live apart from the rest of society in agricultural communities.旧秩序的阿米什人，谁的形式多数，否决婴儿的洗礼，宣誓就职的宣誓，兵役，和生活，除了从其余的社会在农业社区。 They worship in private houses, and each congregation is served by a bishop, two ministers, and a deacon (all male).他们崇拜的私人住宅，每个聚集是由主教，两位部长，和执事（所有男性） 。 Avoiding modern technology and worldly amusements, they practice simple farming and handicrafts--Amish quilts are notable examples of American Folk Art--and speak a German-English dialect (Pennsylvania Dutch).避免现代科技和世俗的娱乐，他们的做法，简单的农耕和手工艺-阿米什棉被是显着的例子，美国民间艺术-和发言，一个德国-英语方言（宾夕法尼亚荷兰语）。 The horse and buggy is their normal mode of transportation.马和车是他们正常的交通方式。 The Conservative Amish, a smaller sect, differ from the Old Order Amish mainly in their adoption of English and Sunday schools.保守的阿米什人，规模较小的节，不同于旧秩序阿米什，主要是在其通过的英语和周日学校。 The Amish are known for their practice of meidung (shunning of those who have violated church law) and for their use of hooks and eyes instead of buttons.阿米绪是众所周知的，他们的做法， meidung （回避那些谁违反教会法）和供其使用的鱼钩和眼睛而不是按钮。 Recognizable by their sober yet picturesque appearance--the men with full beards and broad-brimmed hats, the women in bonnets and long skirts--the Amish occupy a distinctive place among traditional religious groups in the United States and Canada.承认他们的清醒，但风景如画的外观-男人与充分胡须和广泛的b rimmed帽子，妇女在b onnets和长期的半截裙-阿米什占据一个独特的地方传统宗教群体在美国和加拿大。
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The Amish are a North American Protestant group of Mennonite origin.阿米绪是北美基督教门诺集团的原产地。 The Amish have maintained a distinctive and conservative agricultural way of life despite the influences of modern industrial society.阿米绪保持了独特的和保守的农业生活的方式，尽管影响现代工业社会。
The name Amish is derived from Jakob Amman, a Swiss Mennonite bishop.名称阿米什是来自雅各布安曼，一名瑞士门诺教区主教。 He insisted that discipline within the church be maintained by excommunication.他坚持认为，纪律，教会保持绝罚。 This entailed the avoidance, or shunning, by the faithful of those excommunicated.这需要避免，或回避，由忠实的那些excommunicated 。 Conventional social relationships with the excommunicated, such as eating at the same table, buying and selling, and, in the case of a married person, marital relations, were forbidden.传统的社会关系与excommunicated ，如吃在同一表中，买卖，并在该案件一已婚人士，婚姻关系，被禁止。 The Amish, subject to persecution in Europe, migrated in the 18th century to Pennsylvania, where their descendants are called Pennsylvania Dutch (the German deutsch, "German," was misunderstood as "Dutch").阿米绪，受到迫害，在欧洲，移民在十八世纪宾夕法尼亚州，那里他们的后代，被称为宾夕法尼亚荷兰语（德国软体， “德国” ，被误解为“荷兰” ） 。 They then spread into Ohio, other midwestern states, and Canada.他们然后蔓延到俄亥俄州，其他中西部地区的国家，和加拿大。 A rural people, their skill in farming is exemplary.一个农村人，他们的技术在农业是模范。
The most conservative are known as Old Order Amish. They dress in a severely plain style, using hooks and eyes instead of buttons to fasten their clothes.最保守的被称为旧秩序阿米什人，他们着装在一个严重的平原作风，用钩和眼睛而不是按钮法尔胜她们的衣服。 They ride in horse-drawn buggies instead of automobiles, and the adult males wear beards.他们乘坐在马画手推车而不是汽车，和成年男性穿胡须。 Religious services are held in homes; foot washing is practiced in connection with the Communion service; discipline is enforced by shunning; and marriage with outsiders is condemned.宗教服务举行的家园;足部洗，是实行他们涉嫌与共融的服务;纪律是执行回避;和婚姻是与外界的谴责。 Other Amish groups, such as the Conservative Mennonite Conference and the Beachy Amish Mennonite Churches, are milder in discipline and less set apart from the world.其他阿米什群体，如保守的基督教门诺会会议和beachy阿米什门诺教会，是较温和的，在纪律和少一套，除了从世界。 All share the practice of believer's, or adult, baptism and often refuse to take part in civil affairs - to vote, serve in the military, and so forth.所有份额的做法，信奉的，或成人，洗礼，而且往往拒绝采取的一部分，在民政部-表决，服务于军事，等等。 The Old Order Amish numbered about 80,800 in the early 1990s; the Beachy Amish about 7000.旧秩序的阿米什编号约80800在20世纪90年代初; beachy阿米什约7000 。
The Amish have sometimes come into conflict with the larger society.阿米绪有时生效的冲突与大社会。 In particular, they have resisted compulsory education requirements as a threat to their separate way of life.特别是，他们有抵制强迫教育的要求，看成是一种威胁，以各自的生活方式。 In the case of Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972), the state sought to require the children of an Amish family to attend school until the age of 16.在该案件威斯康星州诉厂家优化（ 1972年） ，国家旨在规定的子女一阿米什家庭上学，直到16岁以下的。 The parents were willing to allow them to attend through the eighth grade but argued that high school education would make them unfit to carry on the Amish tradition.家长愿意让他们参加，透过第八级，但有人认为高中阶段教育，使他们不适宜进行对阿米绪的传统。 The Supreme Court of the United States agreed that their right to the free exercise of their religion is protected and that the state's concern for compulsory public education must yield to that consideration.最高法院美国同意他们的权利的自由行使他们的宗教是保护，以及国家的关注，强制推行公众教育必须屈服考虑。
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