Medina, Madina, Al-Madinah, Medinat-en-Nabi, Medinat Øasul Allah麦迪，马迪娜，铝麦地， medinat恩-彩蝶， medinat øasul安拉

Medina (Arabic: Al-Madinah), the second holiest city in Islam (after Mecca) and site of the tomb of Muhammad, is located in Hejaz region, western Saudi Arabia.麦迪（阿拉伯语：铝麦） ，第二个最神圣的城市，在伊斯兰教（仅次于麦加）和现场的墓，穆罕默德，是设在hejaz地区，西部沙特阿拉伯。 It is about 485 km (300 mi) north of Mecca by coastal highway, 1,320 km (820 mi) south of Damascus by railroad, and 193 km (120 mi) northeast of the Red Sea.它是关于485公里（ 300米）以北的麦加，由沿海高速公路， 1320公里（ 820米）南大马士革的，由铁路， 193公里（ 120英里） ，东北的红海。 The population is 198,196 (1986 est.).人口198196 （ 1986估值） 。 All residents are Arabic-speaking Muslims.所有居民都讲阿拉伯语的穆斯林。 The city lies 625 m (2,050 ft) above sea level, on the western edge of a large lava field along the eastern slope of the Hejaz mountain range.城市谎言625米（ 2050英尺）海平面以上，对西部边缘的一个大场熔岩沿东边坡的hejaz山脉。

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Medina is noted for its pottery and date palms and has recently developed a date-packing industry.麦迪指出，为陶器和椰枣，并于最近制定了一个日期-包装工业。 Other agricultural produce includes fruit, grapes, vegetables, and cereal grains.其他的农产品，包括水果，葡萄，蔬菜，谷物。 The old walled city is surrounded by the pilgrim camping ground (Al Manakh) and the An Bariya Quarter, the former commercial district in which the Turks located the railroad station.老寨城四周诸神的宿营地（基地manakh ）和一个bariya季度，前商业中心区，其中土耳其人位于火车站。 Islamic University (1961) has about 1,000 students.伊斯兰大学（ 1961年） ，有大约1000名学生。 Numerous historical sites include the tomb of Aaron as well as that of Muhammad; the Mosque of Quba, the first mosque in Islamic history; the Mosque of the Two Quiblahs, commemorating Muhammad's changing of the direction to be faced while praying from toward Jerusalem to toward Mecca; and the Prophet's Mosque, which Muhammad helped to build.众多的历史遗址，包括墓阿伦以及即穆罕默德;清真寺的quba ，第一清真寺在伊斯兰历史;清真寺的两个quiblahs ，纪念穆罕默德的转变的方向必须面对的，而祈祷，从对耶路撒冷走向麦加;先知的清真寺，穆罕默德帮助建造的。 Medina is often visited by Muslim pilgrims en route to Mecca.麦迪那是经常访问的穆斯林朝圣者前往麦加朝圣。 Non-Muslims are forbidden access to all pilgrimage sites.非穆斯林是禁止进入所有的朝圣地点。

The first settlers of Medina were Jews expelled from Palestine by the Romans in AD 135.第一批定居者的麦迪那名犹太人驱逐出巴勒斯坦，由罗马人在公元135 。 Muhammad arrived from Mecca in 622, and, although he first treated the Jews with indulgence, he soon drove them out of Hejaz and made Medina the administrative capital of his Islamic state, a position it maintained until 661.穆罕默德从抵达麦加，在622 ，而且，虽然他在第一次接受治疗犹太人与放纵，他很快将他们走出hejaz作出了麦迪的行政首都，他的伊斯兰国家，而且这样的地位保持到661 。 After 661 the Umayyads, Egyptians, and Turks controlled the city at various times until 1916, when the independent Arab kingdom of Hejaz was formed.经过661的倭马亚王朝，埃及人，土耳其人控制了城市在不同时期，直到1916年，当独立的阿拉伯王国hejaz形成。 In 1932, Hejaz became part of Saudi Arabia. 1932年， hejaz成了一部分沙特阿拉伯。

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Medina麦迪

Medina, also Medinat-en-Nabi (Arabic for "City of the Prophet") and Medinat Øasul Allah ("City of the Apostle of God"), city in western Saudi Arabia, located in the Al Hijâz (Hejaz) Province.麦迪，也medinat恩-彩蝶（阿拉伯语为"城市的先知" ）和medinat øasul阿拉（ "城市的宗徒们的神" ） ，市，在沙特西部，坐落在基地hijâz （ hejaz ）省。 The city houses the remains of the Prophet Muhammad, who fled to Medina from Mecca in 622, an event that marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar. Medina is consequently one of the most sacred shrines of Islam.城市住房的遗骸先知穆罕默德，他们逃到了麦迪从麦加在622事件为标志开始的伊斯兰日历。 麦迪那是因此其中一个最神圣的圣地的伊斯兰教。 It is second only to Mecca among the holy places of Muslim pilgrimage. Muhammad's tomb is in the Mosque of the Prophet, located in the eastern section of the city. 它是仅次于麦加之间圣地的朝圣活动。穆罕默德的陵墓，是在清真寺里的先知，位于东段的城市。 The mosque also contains the tombs of Muhammad's daughter Fatima and of Umar I, the second Orthodox caliph of the Muslim Empire.清真寺还载有陵，穆罕默德的女儿法蒂玛和奥马尔，我的第二个正统哈里发的回教帝国。

In ancient times, Medina was known as Yathrib.在远古时代，麦迪被称为yathrib 。 The Alexandrian geographer Ptolemy referred to it as Lathrippa in the 2nd century AD.在亚历山大的地理学家托勒密所指的，它作为lathrippa在二世纪的广告。 Medina was the capital of the Muslim world until 661, when the caliphate was transferred to Damascus.麦迪那是资本的穆斯林世界，直到661 ，当哈里发被转移到大马士革。 Later, Medina was successively controlled by the Egyptians and the Ottoman Turks.后来，麦迪先后由埃及人和奥斯曼土耳其人。 The latter were expelled in 1919 by the troops of Husein ibn Ali, first king of Al Hijâz.后者被驱逐于1919年由部队侯赛因伊本阿里首先国王铝hijâz 。 Husein's forces were defeated (1924) by Abdul Aziz ibn Saud, sultan of Najd.侯赛因的部队被击败（ 1924 ） ，由阿卜杜勒阿齐兹伊本沙特，文莱苏丹和najd 。 The city of Medina was incorporated into the kingdom of Saudi Arabia in 1932.市麦地被吸收到沙特阿拉伯王国于1932年。 Population (1990 estimate) 500,050.人口（ 1990年估计） 500050 。

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