The Ismailis are members of a sect of Muslim Shiites who recognize Ismail as the seventh and last Imam until the return of his son at the end of time.该伊斯玛仪教派的成员，一个教派的穆斯林什叶派人士承认伊斯梅尔作为第七和最后伊玛目，直到回到他的儿子在去年底的时候。 They are also called Sabiyah, or Seveners. The sect originated after the death (765) of the sixth Shiite imam, Jafar ibn Muhammad.他们还呼吁sabiyah ，或seveners 。节起源于后，死亡（ 765 ）第六届什叶派伊玛目， jafar伊本穆罕默德。 Most Shiites accepted his younger son, Musa al-Kazim, as his successor; the Ismailis were those who supported his older, disinherited son, Ismail.大多数的什叶派接受了他的小儿子，香蕉基地卡齐，作为他的继任者;伊斯玛仪教派被那些支持他的年纪大了，丧失儿子，司马义。 The sect attained its greatest influence under the Fatimids, who claimed descent through Ismail's son from Fatima, daughter of the Prophet Muhammad.该教派达到其最大的影响力下，法蒂玛王朝，自称出身通过伊斯梅尔的儿子，从法蒂玛，女儿的先知穆罕默德。 This dynasty, established in Tunis in 908, ruled in Egypt from 969 to 1171.这个王朝，建立了在突尼斯908 ，裁定，在埃及从969 1171 。
Late in the 11th century a split occurred between the Mustalis, who recognized al-Mustali as the caliph-imam (concentrated in Egypt, Yemen, and India), and the Nizaris, named for Mustali's brother Nizar, with strongholds in Iran and Syria.迟在11世纪分裂之间发生mustalis ，他承认基地mustali作为哈里发-伊玛目（主要集中在埃及，也门和印度） ，以及nizaris ，命名为mustali的弟弟尼扎尔，与据点，在伊朗和叙利亚。 The latter, who became known as the Assassins in Crusader stories, remained in power until the late 13th century.后者，他们后来被称为刺客在十字军东征的故事，依然在电力，直到13世纪晚期。 A subsection, under the Aga Khan, moved to India in 1840.一个分段，根据阿加汗，迁移到印度，在1840年。 In their interpretation of the Koran, the Ismailis distinguish between exoteric and esoteric knowledge, that is, between knowledge for the public and knowledge for the initiated.在他们的解释可兰经，伊斯玛仪教派区分开放式和深奥的知识，这就是知识，为市民和知识，为启动。 The same distinction finds organizational expression in the Ismaili hierarchy from the imam, who alone has perfect knowledge, by way of the dais (missionaries) to the believers at various levels of knowledge and insight.同样的区分认定的组织，体现在伊斯玛仪等级从伊玛目，谁就有健全的知识，方法，是根据傣族（传教士） ，向信徒们在各个层次的知识和洞察力。
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参考书目：
Daftary, F., The Ismailis (1990);
Lewis, Bernard, The Assassins (1967; repr. 1980) and The Origins of Ismailism
(1940; repr. 1974); Ridley, A., The Assassins (1980). daftary ，楼，伊斯玛仪教派（
1990年） ;刘易斯，伯纳德，刺客（ 1967年; repr 。 1980 ）和起源ismailism （ 1940年; repr 。 1974年）
;利礼贤，甲，刺客（ 1980 ） 。
Ismailis, sect of Shiite Muslims, most important from the 10th to the 12th century.伊斯玛仪教派，教派的什叶派穆斯林，而最重要的，从第10至12世纪。 The Ismailis emerged from a dispute in 765 over the succession of Jafar al-Sadiq, whom Shiites acknowledged as the sixth imam, or spiritual successor to Muhammad.该伊斯玛仪教派出现争执，在765名以上的继承jafar基地萨迪克，其中什叶派承认，作为第六伊玛目，或者精神的继承者穆罕默德。 The Ismailis recognized Ismail, the eldest son of Jafar, as his legitimate successor.该伊斯玛仪教派公认的伊斯梅尔，身为长子的jafar ，作为他的合法接班人。 On Ismail's death they acknowledged his son Muhammad as the seventh and last imam, whose return on Judgment Day they await. The Ismailis are also known as Seveners, because they accept only 7 imams, rather than the 12 who are recognized by other Shiites.对伊斯梅尔的死他们承认，他的儿子穆罕默德作为第七和最后伊玛目，其回报判断一天，他们等待着。伊斯玛仪教派成员也被称为seveners ，因为他们只接受七伊玛目，而不是12岁，是公认的，由其他什叶派。
Although Ismailis subscribe to basic orthodox Islamic doctrines, they also maintain esoteric teachings and corresponding interpretations of the Qur'an (Koran).虽然伊斯玛仪教派订阅基本正统回教教义，他们还保持深奥的教义和相应的诠释古兰经（古兰经） 。 Developed in the 9th and 10th centuries under the influence of Gnosticism and Neoplatonism, these posit the creation of the universe by a process of emanation from God.发达国家在第9和第10个世纪的影响下，灵知和neoplatonism ，这些阳性宇宙的形成是由一个过程的射气来自上帝。
In the late 9th century an Ismaili state was organized on communistic principles in Iraq by Hamdan Qarmat; his followers became known as Qarmatians.在晚9世纪是一个伊斯玛仪州举办了一个关于共产原则，在伊拉克由哈姆丹卡尔马特;他的追随者被称为卡尔马特。 His state soon disintegrated, but some of his followers combined with other Ismaili groups to form the Fatimid dynasty of North Africa in the 10th century.他的状态很快解体，但他的一些追随者结合其他伊斯玛仪团体组成的法蒂玛王朝的北部非洲，在10世纪。 The Fatimids conquered Egypt in 969 and developed a strong and culturally brilliant state that flourished until the 12th century.该法蒂玛王朝征服埃及，在969号，并制定了强有力的和文化灿烂的国家盛行，直至12世纪。 During the reign of the Fatimid dynasty the Ismailis gradually lost their original revolutionary fervor.在位期间的的法蒂玛王朝的伊斯玛仪教派逐渐失去了原有的革命热情。 A splinter group of Ismailis, known to Westerners as Assassins, established a stronghold in the mountains of northern Iran in the 12th century and carried out terrorist acts of assassination against important religious and political leaders of Sunni Islam.的一个分支组织，伊斯玛仪教派，众所周知，西方人作为刺客，他们建立了一个重要据点，在山上的伊朗北部，在12世纪，并进行恐怖行为的暗杀对重要的宗教和政治领导人的逊尼派伊斯兰教。
The two main branches of Ismailis today are the Bohras, with headquarters in Mumbai (formerly Bombay), India, and the Khojas, concentrated in Gujarât State, India.两个主要分支伊斯玛仪教派今天是bohras ，总部设在孟买（前身Bombay ） ，印度和khojas ，主要集中在gujarât国家，印度。 Another subsect, headed by the Aga Khan, has followers in Pakistan, India, Iran, Yemen, and East Africa.另一个小节，由主管阿加汗，有信徒，在巴基斯坦，印度，伊朗，也门，非洲和东部非洲。
Fazlur Rahman fazlur拉赫曼
Isma'ili doctrine considers history to be divided into seven periods. isma'ili主义认为，历史分为七个时期。 Each period begins with a prophet who is then followed by six infallible Imams. 每一期开始与先知谁是随之而来的，由6个犯错的伊玛目。 The first six prophets were Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus and Muhammad. Each Imam was accompanied by an interpreter who taught the secret meaning of the Imam's teaching to a small circle of initiates. The previous six interpreters were Seth, Shem, Isaac, Aaron, Simon Peter and Ali . 首6个先知亚当，诺亚，亚伯拉罕，摩西，耶稣和穆罕默德，每个伊玛目，是由一位译员也教秘密的含义伊玛目对他的教诲，以一小圈的启动。 前六个月口译塞思库， SHEM后，艾萨克，阿伦，西门彼得和Ali 。 The six Shi'a Imams (from al-Hasan to Isma'il) have followed Muhammad and his interpreter Ali.六名什叶派伊玛目（由Al -哈桑向isma'il ）其次是穆罕默德和他的口译员阿里。 The seventh Imam, Muhammad, did not die but went into hiding, and will appear as the Mahdi, inaugurating an era in which the old traditions, including Islam, will become obsolete.第七伊玛目，穆罕默德，没有死，但进入藏匿，并会出庭，以马赫迪，由此开创了一个时代，在这个时代的旧传统，其中伊斯兰教，将变得不合时宜。
The Isma'ilis believe that Islamic law (the Shari'ah) should be repealed. 该isma'ilis认为伊斯兰法（伊斯兰教） ，应予废除。 They reject the Qur'an and all forms of prayers in the main Sunni Islamic tradition. 他们拒绝古兰经和一切形式的祈祷，在主要的逊尼派伊斯兰传统。 They interpret Islamic teachings spiritually, which frees them from adhering to these laws and obligations such as prayer, fasting, and hajj. 他们解释回教教义精神，它使人们摆脱了他们遵守这些法律和承担的义务，如祈祷，斋戒，朝觐。
Effective missionary activity spread Isma'iliyyah beyond Iraq into North Africa.有效的传教活动蔓延isma'iliyyah超越伊拉克到北非。 In 909 the sect set up the Fatimid dynasty in Egypt, where it flourished until 1171 when the Fatimid caliphate was overthrown and the sect lost its official support.在909教派成立的法蒂玛王朝，在埃及，在那里蓬勃发展，直到1171年时，法蒂玛王朝哈里发被推翻，该教派失去了官方支持。
Shortly before its defeat in Egypt, Isma'iliyyah split into two groups called Nizaris and Musta'lis.不久之前，它的失败在埃及， isma'iliyyah分成两组所谓nizaris和musta'lis 。 The schism occurred as a result of a second dispute over who should inherit the Imamate.该裂发生是由于第二个争议，应由谁继承imamate 。 Following the death of the Fatimid Caliph al-Mustansir in 1094, the first of these sects emerged in support of the claims of al-Mustansir's elder son, Nizar, to succeed his father as the future Imam.死亡后，该法蒂玛王朝哈里发基地穆斯坦绥尔在1094 ，这些问题首先出现教派支持索赔基地穆斯坦绥尔的大儿子，尼扎尔，接替他的父亲成为未来的伊玛目。 The assassination of Nizar and his family led his supporters to flee Egypt and to organize themselves in various regions of Iran and Syria.暗杀尼扎尔和他的家人带领他的支持者逃往埃及和组织起来，在各地区的伊朗和叙利亚。 Their stronghold was the fortress of Alamut in the Ehurz mountains of northern Iran.他们的据点是堡垒alamut在ehurz山脉北部的伊朗。 From here the sect spread out until it was strong enough to establish an Isma'ili-Nizari state which survived for 150 years.从这里，第一节摊开，直至它强大，足以建立一个isma'ili - nizari状态，其中存活了150年。 Its downfall occurred in 1256 as a result of the expansion of the Mongol empire into Iran and Syria.它的垮台发生在1256年，由于扩大了蒙古帝国到伊朗和叙利亚。
After the fall of Alamut the history of the Nizaris in Syria is largely one of subjugation and persecution at the hands of the Baybars, the Ottomans and the Nusayris.沦陷后， alamut历史上的nizaris在叙利亚很大程度上是一个征服和迫害在手中的baybars ，土耳其人。奥斯曼帝国和nusayris 。 The Nizaris in Iran also suffered persecution, and from the 14th century onwards many emigrated to India.该nizaris在伊朗，还遭受迫害，并从14世纪起，许多移居到印度。 These came to be known as Khoja (from the Persian word khwaja, meaning master).这些后来被称为khoja （从波斯语词khwaja ，意思是师父） 。 These have made considerable concessions to their Indian context and attach little importance to traditional Islamic ritual and practice.这些都取得了相当大的让步，以自己的印度背景和轻视传统的伊斯兰礼仪和惯例。 They follow the leadership of the Agha Khan.他们按照领导的阿加汗。 In the 19th century some Khojas emigrated to East Africa, where Khoja communities remain today.早在19世纪一些khojas移居到东非，在那里khoja社区留到今天。
The second branch, the Musta'lis, distinguished themselves from the Nizaris through their support of al-Mustansir's younger son, al-Musta'li.第二科， musta'lis ，尊敬自己，从nizaris通过其支持的基地穆斯坦绥尔的小儿子，铝- musta'li 。 Al-Must'ali and his descendants continued in Egypt until the fall of the Fatimid dynasty in 1171.基地must'ali和他的子孙继续在埃及，直到秋天的的法蒂玛王朝的第1171 。 Following the end of the Fatimid dynasty the leadership of the movement was transferred to Yemen.继去年底该法蒂玛王朝时期的领导不结盟运动被转移到也门。 In Yemen the movement split again, with some remaining in Yemen and others emigrating to India.在也门运动分裂再有，有的留在也门和其他国家移民到印度。 Those who went to India are known as Bohras.那些远赴印度，是著名的bohras 。 Today Musta'lian Isma'ilis are mainly to be found in the Indian province of Gujarat.今天musta'lian isma'ilis主要是被发现在印度的古吉拉特邦。 There are also communities in Arabia, the Persian Gulf, East Africa, and Burma.也有一些社区在地阿拉伯，波斯湾，东非以及缅甸。
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