The Fatimids were an Islamic dynasty that reigned in North Africa and later in Egypt from 909 until 1171. The Fatimid Caliphate was the political pinnacle of the Ismailis, a group of Shiites who expected the appearance of a messiah descended from the marriage of Ali, the fourth caliph, and Fatima, the daughter of the Prophet Muhammad.该法蒂玛王朝被一个伊斯兰王朝统治在北非和后来在埃及，从909到1171 。 该法蒂玛王朝哈里发是当时全国的政治巅峰的伊斯玛仪教派，一群什叶派人士预计出现一个救世主的后裔，从婚姻的阿里，第四哈里发，法蒂玛，女儿的先知穆罕默德。
The Fatimids initially established a North African empire centered in Tunisia, from which they planned to move eastward and supplant the Abbasids.该法蒂玛王朝，初步建立了北非帝国的中心位置在突尼斯，从他们打算提出东移，并取代了abbasids 。 Consequently, they conquered Egypt in 969 and created Cairo as their capital.因此，他们征服了埃及在969和创造开罗为首都。 They then extended their influence to Syria, Palestine, and Arabia. They reached the zenith of their power in the reign of al-Mustansir (1036-94). The dynasty enjoyed generally peaceful relations with the Byzantines and cooperated with the Turkish rulers of Syria against the Crusades.然后，他们扩展他们的影响力，叙利亚，巴勒斯坦和阿拉伯的， 他们达到了顶点，他们的权力在统治基地穆斯坦绥尔（ 1036至1094年） 。王朝享有普遍的和平关系与byzantines与合作，土耳其统治者叙利亚针对十字军东征。
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Bibliography:
参考书目：
Lewis, Bernard, The Origin of
Isma'ilism (1975); O'Leary, De Lacy, A Short History of the Fatimid Kaliphate
(1923).刘易斯，伯纳德，起源isma'ilism （ 1975年） ; o'leary
，德威廉莱西斯，历史较短的法蒂玛王朝kaliphate （ 1923 ） 。
The Fatimids were a Muslim dynasty claiming the caliphate, successors of Muhammad through descent from Fatima, Muhammad's daughter.该法蒂玛王朝被一个穆斯林王朝自称哈里发，继承人穆罕默德通过后裔，从法蒂玛说，穆罕默德的女儿。
In the 10th century, Ubayd Allah al-Mahdi, head of a sect of Syrian Shiites, traveled to northwest Africa to head a movement started among the Berbers, a non-Arabic North African tribe.在10世纪， Ubayd的阿拉马赫迪，头一节，叙利亚的什叶派，赴西北非洲掌管一个运动开始之间的柏柏尔人，一个非阿拉伯语北非部落。 Ubayd Allah al-Mahdi was proclaimed the Muslim messiah, Mahdi, and by 909 had secured control of a substantial portion of North Africa. Ubayd的阿拉马赫迪被宣布为穆斯林弥赛亚，马赫迪和909有担保控制的相当一部分北非。 He pushed eastward as far as Egypt and consolidated the empire under his son al-Qa'im and grandson al-Mansur.他被推向东据埃及和巩固了帝国在他的儿子铝卡伊姆和孙子基地的Mansur 。 Egypt was conquered in 969.埃及被征服，在969 。
In 972 al-Mansur's son Moizz was recognized as caliph in Egypt and made the new city of Cairo his capital.在972基地的Mansur的儿子moizz被承认为哈里发在埃及，并提出新的城市开罗，他的资本。 Morocco, Tripoli, and Sicily then became Muslim provinces, developing into semiautonomous dynasties of their own.摩洛哥，的黎波里，和西西里岛，然后成为穆斯林省份，发展成为来参加朝代的自己。 In the 11th century Sicily fell to the Normans, and in the following century Roger II of Sicily completed the conquest of Morocco.在11世纪西西里下降到诺曼，并在以下几个世纪罗杰二西西里完成征服摩洛哥。 Al-Hakim, the third Fatimid caliph, supported the university in Cairo and founded the fatimid library.铝-哈基姆，第三次的法蒂玛哈里发，支持大学在开罗和创立的法蒂玛图书馆。 He persecuted Christians, destroyed the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem, and in 1020 claimed personal divinity.他迫害基督徒，摧毁了圣墓教堂在耶路撒冷，并在1020年声称，个人的神性。
At its height, the Fatimid dynasty was recognized throughout much of Arabia, but it declined and was eventually crushed by the rising forces of Normans, Turks, and Venetians.在全盛时期，在法提玛王朝被公认的许多阿拉伯，但它拒绝，并最终压倒了上升的力量的诺曼人，土耳其人，和威尼斯。 After 1129 the Fatimid caliphs were merely puppets in the hands of the army and powerful viziers (Muslim government officials).之后， 1129名有关的法蒂玛caliphs只不过是傀儡，在军队手中强大viziers （穆斯林政府官员） 。 Adid, last of the Fatimids, died in 1171. adid ，最后的法蒂玛王朝，在死亡的第1171 。 Upon his death, the vizier Saladin won the title of Sultan by recognizing the Abbasid caliph of Baghdâd.当他去世后， vizier萨拉丁夺得世界大赛冠军的莱苏丹承认阿巴斯哈里发的baghdâd 。
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