Angelus, in the Roman Catholic church, is a devotion commemorating the incarnation of Jesus Christ.三钟经，在罗马天主教会，是一个奉献的纪念化身耶稣基督。 It consists of several short prescribed verses, three recitations of the "Hail Mary," and a brief concluding prayer.它由数个短明小诗，三朗读的"冰雹玛丽" ，并简要总结祈祷。 Traditionally accompanied by the ringing of the Angelus bell, it is said three times daily, usually at 6 AM, noon, and 6 PM.传统上伴随着响声钟钟，有人说，每日3次，通常是在上午六时，中午十二时，以及下午六时结束。 The devotion takes its name from the first word of the Latin version. 10年内，把它的名字从第一个字的拉丁语版本。 It is the subject of a famous painting, The Angelus by the French artist Jean François Millet; the canvas depicts farmers pausing in their field chores to pray.它是受一个著名绘画，钟由法国艺术家让弗朗索瓦谷子;油画描绘农民停在自己的领域琐事祈祷。
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Although the Angelus is a specifically Catholic devotion it is in fact prayed by many other Christians in various parts of the world.虽然钟是一个专门天主教奉献的，它实际上是在祈祷许多其他基督徒在世界各地。 It dates back to the 13th century.它可以追溯到13世纪。 In 1269, St. Bonaventure recommended that Catholics should imitate the Franciscan custom of reciting three Hail Marys when the bell rang each evening for prayer.在1269年，圣文德建议天主教徒应该模仿方济各的习惯，背诵三冰雹。 Marys当钟声铃响了，每个傍晚祷告。 Of course the call to prayer takes place throughout the day and officially the Angelus is said by many at 6, 12 noon and 6pm.当然号召祈祷发生全日正式钟说，许多在六日中午十二时至下午六时。
Although the complete prayer incorporates the Hail Mary it does in fact focus on the Incarnation of Christ which is shared by all Christians and the citations in the prayer are taken from the Bible.虽然完整的祈祷厂网分开，冰雹玛丽但这其实是着眼于化身基督是为所有人所分享基督信徒和引文在祈祷均源自圣经。 In many ways it is akin to the Rosary where the focus is not on the words of the Hail Mary but the Blessed Mysteries.在许多方面是相似玫瑰那里重点不在的话冰雹玛丽，但有福之谜。
By praying in such a way one is consecrating the day to God and His glorious plan of salvation.祈祷这样一种方式，一个是consecrating一天，上帝和他的光辉救恩计划。 Many are not able to say the Divine Office which is time consuming and requires the facility of the Breviary.很多人不能够说神明厅，其中很费时间，并要求该设施的breviary 。 The Angelus is simple to learn and can be said anywhere.钟是简单的学习，可以说是一事无成。 It can indeed be said on the move, standing or walking or even driving.它的确可以说是对移动，站立或步行，甚至驾驶。
K Andrews k安德鲁斯
The Angel of the
Lord declared unto Mary该主的使者宣布马利亚
And she conceived of the Holy
Spirit她构思的圣灵
Hail
Mary..................冰雹玛丽..................
Behold the
handmaid of the Lord看这handmaid的主
Be it done unto me according to thy
Word无论是做不欲，我按你的字
Hail
Mary..................冰雹玛丽..................
And the Word was
made Flesh和这个词是血肉
And dwelt among
us和白景富在我们中间
Hail
Mary..................冰雹玛丽..................
Pray for us Holy
Mother of God请为我们祈祷圣地天主之母
That we may be made worthy of the
promises of Christ我们可能会作出无愧于承诺基督
Let us pray...让我们一起祈祷...
Pour forth we beseech thee O Lord, thy grace into our hearts, that we to whom the incarnation of Christ thy Son was made known by the message of an angel, may by His passion and Cross be brought to the glory of His Resurrection, through the Same Christ Our Lord, Amen.倒了，我们恳求你，主啊，祢的恩典到我们的心中，我们的人的化身，基督你的儿子是由已知的信息，一个天使，可借他的热情和交叉带来的荣耀，他的复活，通过同时耶稣，我们的主啊，阿门。
K Andrews k安德鲁斯
The origin of the Angelus is difficult to trace with accuracy, but goes back at least as far at the 13th century, when it was prayed only in the evening.起源钟是难以追查与准确性，但可追溯到至少就在13世纪，当它是祈祷，只有在晚上进行。 The addition of the Angelus in the morning, and then at the noon hour came later, so there is no pious tradition associated with the triple Angelus.增补的钟是在早上，然后在午时后来的，所以不存在任何虔诚的传统与三重三钟经。 Until the 19th century, few people had access to personal means of telling time, and they depended on the church bells to know the usual hours for Mass, for the Hours of the Office, etc., which is why the praying of the Angelus is associated with the ringing of the Angelus bell.直到19世纪，很少人曾接触到个人的方式告诉时间，他们还取决于对教堂的钟声知道如常时，为群众，为小时的办公室等，这就是为什么祈祷的钟是与响铃的钟铃。 In fact, the hours of six am, noon, and six pm are approximate.事实上，在工时六时，中午十二时，以及下午六是近似。 During the Middle Ages, it would have been more correct to say that the Angelus was prayed at about dawn, noon, and sunset.在中世纪，它会更正确的说这是三钟经祈祷时，约黎明，中午，和夕阳。 The praying of the Angelus was associated with the offices of Morning Prayer (Lauds) and Evensong (Vespers), which were chanted in the monasteries and cathedrals at those times.在祈祷的钟相关的办公室今天上午祈祷（首相）和evensong （晚祷） ，其中高喊着，在寺庙和大教堂，在那个时候的。 Since there was no major hour of the Office prayed at noon (Sext was but a short office and was often prayed in the fields or farms), perhaps that is why the noonday Angelus developed last.由于没有重大小时的办公室祈祷中午（ sext只是短期办公室，并常常祈祷，在田间或农场） ，也许这就是为什么noonday三钟经发展上。
Sister Elias妹妹爱丽丝
PRESENT USAGE目前使用
The Angelus is a short practice of devotion in honour of the Incarnation repeated three times each day, morning, noon, and evening, at the sound of the bell.钟只是一个短期的做法，奉献光荣的化身，重复3次，每天早晨，中午和晚上，在健全的钟声。 It consists essentially in the triple repetition of the Hail Mary, to which in later times have been added three introductory versicles and a concluding versicle and prayer.它基本上是在三重重复冰雹玛丽，而在稍后的时间已经增加了三项介绍versicles和一个结论versicle和祈祷。 The prayer is that which belongs to the antiphon of Our Lady, "Alma Redemptoris," and its recitation is not of strict obligation in order to gain the indulgence.祷告是属于本antiphon我们的夫人， "母校救赎" ，而其背诵是没有严格的义务，以争取放纵。 From the first word of the three versicles, ie Angelus Domini nuntiavit Mariæ (The angel of the Lord declared unto Mary).从第一个字的三个versicles ，即钟多米尼nuntiavit mariæ （主的使者宣布马利亚） 。 the devotion derives its name.奉献源于它的名字。 The indulgence of 100 days for each recitation, with a plenary once a month.放纵的100天内，为每背诵，并同全体会议每月一次。 was granted by Benedict XIII, 14 September, 1724, but the conditions prescribed have been somewhat modified by Leo XIII, 3 April, 1884.被授予本笃十三， 1724年9月14日，但条件已经有所改变利奥十三世， 1884年4月3日。 Originally it was necessary that the Angelus should be said kneeling (except on Sundays and on Saturday evenings, when the rubrics prescribe a standing posture), and also that it should be said at the sound of the bell; but more recent legislation allows these conditions to be dispensed with for any sufficient reason, provided the prayer be said approximately at the proper hours, ie in the early morning, or about the hour of noon, or towards evening.原来这是必要的钟应该说，跪在地上（除周日和周六晚上，当红色标题明站立姿势） ，也表示，应该说，在健全的钟声，但较近期的立法允许这些条件被免除任何充足的理由，只要祷告说，大约在适当时，即在清晨，或大约一小时的正午，还是走向黄昏。 In this case.在这种情况下。 however, the whole Angelus as commonly printed has to be recited, but those who do not know the prayers by heart or who are unable to read them, may say five Hail Marys in their place.不过，整钟作为常见的印刷品要背诵，但那些不知道祈祷心的或不能独立阅读，可以说，五年冰雹。 Marys取代其位置。 During paschal time the antiphon of Our Lady, "Regina cæli lætare," with versicle and prayer, is to be substituted for the Angelus.在逾越节的时候， antiphon我们的夫人， "里贾纳cæli lætare ， " versicle和祷告，是要取代钟。 The Angelus indulgence is one of those which are not suspended during the year of Jubilee.钟放纵自己是那种不属于暂停在这一年中的银禧。
HISTORY历史
The history of the Angelus is by no means easy to trace with confidence, and it is well to distinguish in this matter between what is certain and what is in some measure conjectural.历史上的钟是不容易追查充满自信，这是很好区分，在这件事之间有一点是肯定的，什么是在一定程度上臆测。 In the first place it is certain that the Angelus at midday and in the morning were of later introduction than the evening Angelus.摆在首位，这是肯定的是，钟中午，在上午的晚些时候推出比晚三钟经。 Secondly it is certain that the midday Angelus, which is the most recent of the three, was not a mere development or imitation of the morning and evening devotion.其次，这是肯定的是，中午钟，这是最近期的三个，不是一个单纯的发展或仿制的早晨和傍晚都要奉献。 Thirdly, there can be no doubt that the practice of saying three Hail Mary~ in the evening somewhere about sunset had become general throughout Europe in the first half of the fourteenth century and that it was recommended and indulgenced by Pope John XXII in 1318 and 1327.第三，不可能有任何疑问，这种做法与其说是三个冰雹玛丽〜在傍晚约某处夕阳已成为一般整个欧洲在上半年， 14世纪，并有人建议，并indulgenced教皇约翰二十二，在1318年和1327 。 These facts are admitted by all writers on the subject, but when we try to push our investigations further we are confronted with certain difficulties.这些事实都承认，所有的作家就此事，不过，当我们试图把我们的进一步调查，我们都面临着一定的困难。 It seems needless to discuss all the problems involved.似乎不用讨论所有的问题。 We may be content to state simply the nearly identical conclusions at which T. Esser, OP, and the present writer have arrived, in two series of articles published about the same time quite independently of each other.我们可能会内容，以国家根本是几乎相同的结论，其中汤匙esser ，作品和作家，目前已抵达时，在两个系列文章发表，大约同一时间，相当独立，互不干预。
THE EVENING ANGELUS傍晚钟
Although according to Father Esser's view we have no certain example of three Hail Marys being recited at the sound of the bell in the evening earlier than a decree of the Provincial Synod of Gran in the year 1307, still there are a good many facts which suggest that some such practice was current in the thirteenth century.尽管按照父亲esser的看法，我们没有一定的例子三个冰雹。 Marys正在背诵在声钟声在傍晚早了一项法令，对省议会的大，在今年的1307 ，仍然有相当多的事实表明，有些这种做法是目前在13世纪。 Thus there is a vague and not very well confirmed tradition which ascribes to Pope Gregory IX, in 1239, an ordinance enjoining that a bell should be rung for the salutation and praises of Our Lady.因此，是一种模糊的，不很清楚证实传统赋予罗马教皇格雷戈里九，在1239年，一个条例吩咐说，一个钟应鸣响问候语和歌颂我们的女人。 Again, there is a.grant of Bishop Henry of Brixen to the church of Freins in the Tyrol, also of 1239, which concedes an indulgence for saying three Hail Marys "at the evening tolling".再次，有a.grant主教亨利brixen送到教堂的freins在蒂罗尔州，还239 ，这也承认一个放纵自己说的三个冰雹。 Marys "在傍晚收费" 。 This, indeed, has been suspected of interpolation, but the same objection cannot apply to a decree of Franciscan General Chapter in the time of St Bonaventure (1263 or 1269), directing preachers to encourage the people to say Hail Marys when the Complin bell rang.这一点，事实上，已涉嫌插的，但同样的异议不能申请一项法令济一般篇章的时候，圣文德（ 1263或1269 ） ，导演传教士，以鼓励人们说冰雹。 Marys当complin铃铃响。 Moreover, these indications are strongly confirmed by certain inscriptions still to be read on some few bells of the thirteenth century.此外，这些迹象都强烈地证实了某些碑文仍有待看过一些数编钟的13世纪。 Further back than this direct testimonials do not go; but on the other hand we read in the "Regularis Concordia", a monastic rule composed by St. Aethelwold of Winchester, c.再回到这比直接见证不去;不过，从另一方面看，我们在" regularis协和" ，这是一个寺院的统治所组成的圣aethelwold温彻斯特，长 975, that certain prayers called the tres orationes, preceded by psalms, were to be said after Complin as well as before Matins and again at Prime, and although there is no express mention of a bell being rung after Complin, there is express mention of the bell being rung for the tres orationes at other hours. 975中，某些祈祷称为tres orationes ，在此之前诗篇，被后说： complin以及前晨祷并再次总理，虽然目前还没有明确提到的一个钟正响后， complin ，有明确提到钟正响了tres orationes在其他时间。 This practice, it seems, is confirmed by German examples (Mart ne, De Antiq. Eccles. Ritibus, IV, 39), and as time went on it became more and more definitely associated with three separate peals of the bell, more especially at Bec, at St. Denis, and in the customs of the Canon Regular of St. Augustine (eg at Barnwell Priory and elsewhere).这种做法，似乎也证实了德国的例子（沃尔玛氦氖，德antiq 。埃克勒斯（ Eccles 。 ritibus ，四， 39 ） ，并随着时间的推移，它已成为越来越多的肯定与三个独立peals的钟声，更尤其是在选委会，在圣但尼，并在海关的佳能定期的圣奥古斯丁（如在巴恩韦尔（ Priory和其他地方） 。 We have not in these earlier examples any mention of the Hail Mary, which in England first became familiar as an antiphon in the Little Office of Our Lady about the beginning of the eleventh century (The Month, November, 1901), but it would be the most natural thing in the world that once the Hail Mary had become an everyday prayer, this should for the laity take the place of the more elaborate tres orationes recited by the monks; just as in the case of the Rosary, one hundred and fifty Hail Marys were substituted for the one hundred and fifty psalms of the Psalter.我们并没有在这些早期的例子，完全没有提到冰雹玛丽，在英国首次成为熟悉作为antiphon在小小的办公室圣母约开始的11世纪（下一个月， 11月， 1901年） ，但它会最自然不过的事，在世界上，一旦冰雹玛丽已经成为每天祈祷，这应为俗人占据了更为详尽tres orationes吟诵由僧人;刚才的情况一样，玫瑰， 150冰雹。 Marys被取代为150诗篇的psalter 。 Moreover, in the Franciscan decree of St. Bonaventure's time, referred to above, this is precisely what we find, viz., that the laity in general were to be induced to say Hail Marys when the bell rang at Complin, during, or more probably after, the office of the friars.此外，在方济各的法令圣文德的时候，上面提到的，这正是我们发现，即，认为俗人一般被诱导说，冰雹。 Marys当钟声铃响了，在complin ，期间或者更大概后，该办公室的方济各会士。 A special appropriateness for these greetings of Our Lady was found in the belief that at this very hour she was saluted by the angel.特别适合于这些问候，我们的夫人被发现，相信在这个非常小时，她敬礼，由安琪。 Again, it is noteworthy that some monastic customals in speaking of the tres orationes expressly prescribe the observance of the rubric about standing or kneeling according to the season, which rubric is insisted upon in the recitation of the Angelus to this day.再次，值得注意的是，一些寺院customals在谈到该tres orationes明示处方纪念的名义约常务委员会或跪，根据季节，它的标题是坚持在朗诵的三钟经，以这一天。 From this we may conclude that the Angelus in its origin was an imitation of the monks' night prayers and that it had probably nothing directly to do with the curfew bell, rung as a signal for the extinction of fires and lights.由此，我们可以得出的结论是，在三钟经其来源是仿制的了和尚'夜祈祷，并说，它可能没有直接与宵禁钟，钟声作为一个信号，为灭绝的火灾及灯饰等。 The curfew, however, first meets us in Normandy in 1061 and is then spoken of as a bell which summoned the people to say their prayers, after which summons they should not again go abroad.宵禁令，不过，第一次会见我们，在诺曼底，在1061年和随后发言的，作为一个钟，其中召见人说，他们的祈祷，然后发出传票，他们不应该再出国。 If anything, therefore, it seems more probable that the curfew was grafted upon this primitive prayer-bell rather than vice versa.如果有的话，因此，这似乎更可能因为宵禁嫁接后，这种原始的祈祷钟，而不是反之亦然。 If the curfew and the Angelus coincided at a later period, as apparently they did In some cases, this was.如果宵禁和钟恰好在后一时期，显然，他们确实在某些情况下，这是。 probably accidental.可能是偶然的。
THE MORNING ANGELUS早上钟
This last suggestion about the tres orationes also offers some explanation of the fact that shortly after the recital of the three Hail Marys at evening had become familiar, a custom established itself of ringing a bell in the morning and of saying the Ave thrice.这最后一条建议有关tres orationes也提供了一些解释的事实是，不久后他演奏的三个冰雹。 Marys在傍晚已成为熟悉的，习惯确立响铃钟在早上和说，大道三次。 The earliest mention seems to be in the chronicle of the city of Parma, 1318, though it was the town-bell which was rung in this case.最早提及似乎是在纪事报的城市帕尔马， 1318年，虽然这是城市贝尔是鸣响在这起案件。 Still the bishop exhorted all who heard it to say three Our Fathers and three Hail Marys for the preservation of peace, whence it was called "the peace bell".还有主教告诫所有的人听到它说三我们的父辈和三个冰雹。 Marys ，为维护世界和平，何时是所谓的"和平钟" 。 The same designation was also applied elsewhere to the evening bell.同时指定也适用于其他地方，晚上钟声。 In spite of some difficulties it seems probable enough that this morning bell was also an imitation of the monastic triple peal for the tres orationes or morning prayers; for this, as noted above, was rung at the.尽管取得了一些困难，它似乎很可能不够，今天上午钟声还模仿寺院三重剥离为tres orationes或早晨祈祷;为此，如上所述，是钟声在。 morning office of Prime as well as at Complin.早上办公室的总理以及在complin 。 The morning Ave Maria soon became a familiar custom in all the countries of Europe, not excepting England, and was almost as generally observed as that of the evening, But while in England the evening Ave Maria is enjoined by Bishop John Stratford of Winchester as early as 1324.上午圣母颂很快就成了一个熟悉的习俗，在欧洲所有国家，而不是除英格兰，而且几乎为一般观察，即傍晚，但在英国是晚上圣母颂是受命于主教约翰斯特拉温彻斯特早作为第1324 。 no formal direction.没有正规的方向发展。 as to the morning ringing is found before the instruction of Archbishop Arundel in 1399.至于上午的铃声是以前找到的指示大主教arundel在1399年。
THE MIDDAY ANGELUS中午钟
This suggests a much more complicated problem which cannot be adequately discussed here.这意味着一个更为复杂的问题，而不能适当地加以讨论。 The one clear fact which seems to result alike from the statutes of several German Synods in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, as also from books of devotion of a somewhat later date, is that the midday ringing, while often spoken of as a peace bell and formally commended by Louis XI of France in 1475 for that special object, was closely associated with the veneration of the Passion of Christ.一个清楚的事实，似乎结果都从章程的几个德国主教会议在第十四和第十五世纪以来，也从书本中的奉献有点稍后日期，是因为中午时响铃，而常常谈到作为一个和平钟和正式表扬，路易十一的法国在1475年这一特殊的对象，是密切联系与敬仰的激情的喊声。 At first it appears that this midday bell, eg at Prague in 1386, and at Mainz in 1423, was only rung on Fridays, but the custom by degrees extended to the other days of the week.起初看来，这中午的钟声，如在布拉格第1386 ，并在美因茨在1423年，当时只响星期五，但定制所度扩大到其他一周的天数。 In the English Horæ and the German Hortulus Animæ of the beginning of the sixteenth century rather lengthy prayers commemorating the Passion are provided to be said at the midday tolling of the bell in addition to the ordinary three Aves.在英语horæ和德国hortulus animæ的开始， 16世纪相当长的祈祷，纪念热情提供必须说，在中午时收费的钟声除普通三鸟纲。 Later on (c. 1575), in sundry books of devotion (eg Coster's Thesaurus), while our modern Angelus versicles are printed, much as we say them now, though minus the final prayer, an alternative form commemorating our Lord's death upon the cross is suggested for the noontide ringing.后来（约1575年） ，杂书的奉献（如coster的词库） ，而我国现代钟versicles印制，就像我们说，现在，虽然减去最后的祈祷，另一种形式来纪念我们的主的去世后，两岸建议为noontide响铃。 These instructions, which may already be found translated in an English manuscript written in 1576 (manuscripts Hurlelan 2327), suggest that the Resurrection should be honoured in the morning, the Passion at noon, and the Incarnation in the evening, since the times correspond to the hours at which these great Mysteries actually occurred.这些指示，可能已经发现，在翻译成英语的手稿写在1576 （手稿hurlelan 2327 ） ，认为复活的人应该感到光荣，在当天上午，激情中午，并化身在傍晚，由于时代的对应这个时间在这些伟大的奥秘，实际发生的。 In some prayer-books of this epoch different devotions are suggested for each of the three ringings, eg the Regina Cœli for the morning (see Esser, 784), Passion prayers for noon and our present versicles for sundown.在一些祈祷书籍，这一划时代的不同奉献，提出了三年中的每ringings ，如里贾纳cœli为早上（见esser ， 784 ） ，激情祈祷中午和我们目前的versicles为日落。 To some such practice we no doubt owe the substitution of Regina Cœli for the Angelus during paschal time.一些这样的做法，我们毫无疑问欠替代里贾纳cœli为钟逾越节期间的时间。 This substitution was recommended by Angelo Rocca and Quarti at the beginning of the seventeenth century.这种替代被推荐人安吉洛罗卡和quarti在开始的17世纪。 Our present three versicles seem first to have made their appearance in an Italian catechism printed at Venice in 1560 (Esser, 789); but the fuller form now universally adopted cannot be traced back earlier than 1612.我国现行的三个versicles似乎率先做出了自己的外貌在意大利讲授印在威尼斯，在1560 （ esser ， 789 ） ，但更充分的形式现在已被普遍采用，不能追溯到早于1612年。 Be it noted that somewhat earlier than this a practice grew up in Italy of saying a "De profundis" for the holy souls immediately after the evening Angelus.被它指出有点早这是一个实践成长起来的，在意大利的说： "去profundis "圣魂后，立即傍晚三钟经。 Another custom, also of Italian origin, is that of adding three Glorias to the Angelus in thanksgiving to the Blessed Trinity for the privileges bestowed upon our Lady.另一种习俗，也有意大利血统，是添加三个格洛里亚斯来钟，在感恩节向有福三一为特权上天赋予我们的女人。 (See also HAIL MARY.) （亦见冰雹玛丽） 。
Publication information Written by Herbert Thurston.出版信息写赫伯特瑟斯顿。 Transcribed by Carl Horst.转录由卡尔霍斯特。 The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume I. Published 1907.天主教百科全书第一卷出版， 1907年。 New York: Robert Appleton Company.纽约：罗伯特Appleton还公司。 Nihil Obstat, March 1, 1907. nihil obstat ， 1907年3月1日。 Remy Lafort, STD, Censor.人头马lafort ，性病，检查员。 Imprimatur. imprimatur 。 +John Cardinal Farley, Archbishop of New York +约翰farley枢机主教，大主教纽约
The triple Hail Mary recited in the evening, which is the origin of our modern Angelus, was closely associated with the ringing of a bell.三重冰雹玛丽吟诵在傍晚，这是原产我国现代钟，是密切相关响当当的一个钟。 This bell seemingly belonged to Coinplin, which was theoretically said at sundown, though in practice it followed closely upon the afternoon office of Vespers.这钟声看似属于coinplin ，这是从理论上说，在日落，但在实践中，它紧随后，下午在办公室的晚祷。 There can be little doubt that in all save a few exceptional cases, the tolling the Ave bell was distinct from the ringing of curfew (ignitegium); the former taking place at the end of Complin and perhaps coinciding with the prayers for peace, said in choir; the latter being the signal for the close of day and for the general bed-time.因此，可以毫无疑问地说，在所有节省数例外的情况下，收费的大道钟有别于响铃的宵禁（ ignitegium ） ;前者发生在去年底complin也许正好与和平祈祷，表示在合唱团;后者就是信号为密切的一天，对于一般床时间。 In many places, both in England and France, the curfew bell is still rung, and we note that not only is it rung at a relatively late hour, varying from 8 to 10, but that the actual peal lasts in most cases for a notable period of time, being prolonged for a hundred strokes or more.在许多地方，无论是在英格兰和法国宵禁钟声仍在响，而且我们注意到，不仅是它的钟声在一个相对时间晚了，变8日至10日，但实际剥离为止，在多数情况下，一个显着一段时间后，时间延长为一百年招或以上。 Where the town-bell and the bells of the principal church or monastery were distinct, the curfew was generally rung upon the town-bell.凡城市-贝尔和贝尔公司的主要教堂或修道院的是截然不同的，宵禁令被普遍响起后，镇钟。 Where the church-bell served for both purposes, the Ave and the curfew were probably rung upon the same bell at different hours.凡由教会钟送达两种用途，该大道和宵禁，大概响后，同时钟，在不同时间。 There is a great lack of records containing any definite note of time regarding the ringing of the Ave bell, but there is at least one clear example in the case of Cropredy, Oxfordshire where in 1512 a bequest was made to the churchwardens on condition that they should "toll dayly the Avees bell at six of the clok in the mornyng, at xii of the clok at noone and at foure of the clok at afternoone" (North, Church Bells of Lincolnshire, 169).有是一个伟大的缺乏记录含有任何明确的说明时间，就响铃的圣贝尔，但有至少有一个明显的例子，在案件cropredy ，牛津郡凡于1512年遗赠于是向churchwardens条件是他们必须应"收费dayly该avees钟，在六所clok在mornyng ，在第十二的clok在任何人，在富雷的clok在afternoone " （北区，教堂的钟声的林肯郡， 169 ） 。 At the same time it seems clear that in the case of cathedral churches, etc., where the Office was said in choir, the interval between Complin and the (anticipated) Matins of the next day was not very great; at any rate.在同一时间，它似乎很清楚，在案件大教堂教堂等，该办公室说，在合唱团，间隔complin和（预计）在晨祷的第二天是不是很大，在任何利率。 at some seasons of the year.在有些季节的一年。 Under these circumstances the three interrupted peals of the Ave bell probably served as a sort of introduction to the continuous tolling of the curfew which preceded Matins.在这种情况下， 3个中断peals的大道钟可能作为一种引进能不断收费的宵禁之前的晨祷。 This would be sufficient to account for certain clear traces of a connection in some localities between the curfew and the recital of the three evening Ayes.这将足以占了某些明显的痕迹的一个连接，在一些地方之间实行宵禁，并演奏了三个晚上的占多数。 For instance, the poet Villon (fifteenth century) must.举例来说，诗人villon （ 15世纪）必须这样做。 clearly be thinking of the curfew, when he writes:显然是思想的宵禁令时，他这样写道：
J'oy la cloche de la Sarbonne j'oy香格里拉cloche德香格里拉sarbonne
Qui toujours neuf heures sonne qui始终以为它heures sonne
Le salut que l'ange pr dit.乐拯救阙l'昂热公关秩。
Again, if there were no such connection, it would be difficult to explain why some of the Reformation bishops like Hooper did their best to suppress the tolling of the curfew as a superstitious practice.再次，如果没有这样的治疗方面，将难以解释为什么有些改革主教一样，胡柏没有尽力制止收费的宵禁作为一个迷信的做法。 Still the attempt was not successful.仍然企图没有得逞。 Long before this, in 1538, a Protestant Grand Jury.只要在此之前，在1538年，一名新教大陪审团。 in Canterbury had presented the parson of St. Peter's church for superstitious practices, complaining of the "tolling of the Ave bell after evening song done" (Stahlscbmidt, Church Bells of Kent, 358), but this could hardly have been the curfew.在坎特伯雷曾介绍了帕森的圣彼得教堂，迷信习俗，抱怨"收费的大道钟后，宋今晚所做的" （ stahlscbmidt ，教堂的钟声肯特358 ） ，而这可能是难以被宵禁。
INSCRIPTIONS ON ANGELUS BELLS碑文上祈祷钟
Many circumstances point to the conclusion that the ringing of the Angelus in the fourteenth and even in the thirteenth century must have been very general (see The Month, Jan., 1902,69-70, and Jan., 1904, 60-63).很多情况下点结论是响当当的三钟经，在第十四，甚至在13世纪一定有很一般（见月， 1月， 1902,69-70 ，并在1月， 1904年， 60-63 ） 。 The number of bells belonging to these two centuries which still survive is relatively small, but a considerable proportion bear inscriptions which suggest that they were originally intended to serve as Ave bells.有多少编钟属于这两个世纪以来，这还是生存之道，是比较小，但相当大的比例承担题字暗示说，他们原本打算充当大道钟声。 In the first place, many bear the words Ave Maria; or, as in the case of a bell at Helfta, near Eisleben, in Germany, dated 1234, the whole sentence: Ave Maria, gratia plena, Dominus tecum.摆在首位，许多承受换句话说圣母颂;或者，如同在一个案件钟在黑尔夫塔，近eisleben ，在德国，日期为1234 ，整个句子：圣母颂，特惠plena ，主tecum 。 Bells with this Ave Maria inscription are also numerous in England, though in England the Angelus bells seem in a very large number of instances to have been dedicated to St. Gabriel.编钟与此圣母颂题词，也多次在英格兰，尽管在英格兰钟编钟似乎处于一个非常大量的事例来一直致力于向圣加布里埃尔。 These Gabriel inscriptions take various forms.这些加布里埃尔题字采取各种形式。 For example: Dulcis instar mellis campana vocor Gabrielis (I am sweet as honey, and am called Gabriel's bell).例如： dulcis instar mellis坎帕纳vocor gabrielis （我是甜蜂蜜，并相信所谓加布里埃尔的钟） 。 In which very common inscription the second word is often sisto, or cisto; the true reading is perhaps dulcissimi mellis.其中很普遍的题词，第二字是经常sisto ，或奇斯托;真正的阅读也许是dulcissimi mellis 。 Or again: Ecce Gabrielis sonat hæc campana fidelis (Behold this bell of faithful Gabriel sounds); or Missi de coelis nomen habeo Gabrielis (I bear the name of Gabriel sent from heaven), or Missus vero pie Gabriel fert læta Mariæ (Gabriel the messenger bears joyous tidings to holy Mary).或再次：幼儿保育gabrielis索纳特hæc坎帕纳fidelis （看哪，这钟声，忠实加布里埃尔音） ;或missi德coelis名字habeo gabrielis （我愿意承担的名义发送加布里埃尔从天上） ，或missus的Vero馅饼加布里埃尔育læta mariæ （加布里埃尔信使熊喜庆欢腾的福音，进入神圣的玛丽） 。 We can hardly be wrong in regarding these bells as Angelus bells, for in the Diocese of Lincoln alone we find nineteen of the surviving medieval bells bearing the name of Gabriel, while only six bear the name of Michael, a much more popular patron in other respects.我们很难有错就这些编钟作为祈祷钟，因为在该教区的林肯，我们仅找到19个幸存的中世纪的编钟，上面的名字的加布里埃尔，而只有6个承担的名字迈克尔，一个更为流行的靠山其他尊重。 In France, the Ave Maria seems to have been the ordinary label for Angelus bells; but in Germany-we find as the most common inscription of all, even in the case of many bells of the thirteenth century, the words O Rex Gloriæ Veni Cum Pace (O King of Glory, Come with Peace); as for instance, one of the bells of Freiburg in the Breisgau, dated 1258.在法国，圣母颂似乎已被普通标签祈祷钟，但在德国-我们发现，作为最常见的题刻的是，即使是在案件多钟的13世纪，换句话说o獭gloriæ veni暨速度（海外景的荣耀，来与和平） ;举例来说，其中的编钟的弗赖堡在赖斯高，日期为第1258 。 To explain the popularity of this inscription we have to remember that according to medieval tradition the Annunciation took place at evening.解释人气的这幅题词，我们要记住，根据中世纪传统annunciation发生在夜间。 It was then that the Prince of Peace took flesh and dwelt among us.当时认为，和平王子了肉体和白景富在我们中间。 Moreover in Germany, the Netherlands and in some parts of France the Angelus bell was regularly known as the "Peace bell", and pro pace schlagen (to toll for peace) was a phrase popularly used for ringing the Angelus.此外，在德国，荷兰和部分法国钟铃是经常被称为"和平之钟" ，并亲步伐schlagen （以收费为和平）是一个短语的用于振铃三钟经。
MANNER OF RINGING地响铃
With regard to the manner of ringing the Angelus it seems sufficient to note that the triple stroke repeated three times with a pause between seems to have been adopted from the very beginning.对于方式响铃三钟经，似乎足以说明这三重中风重复3次，稍作停顿之间似乎已被采纳，从一开始的。 In the fifteenth-century constitutions of Syon monastery it is directed that the lay brother "shall toll the Ave bell nine strokes at three times, keeping the space of one Pater and Ave between each three tollings".在第十五世纪的宪法西品寺，它是针对这奠定兄弟" ，应收费的大道钟九招3倍，保持空间的一个父亲和AVE之间每三个tollings " 。 Again a fifteenth century bell at Erfert bears the words Cum ter reboo, pie Christiferam ter aveto (When I ring thrice, thrice devoutly greet the Mother of Christ).又是15世纪钟在erfert熊字兼之三reboo ，饼图christiferam之三aveto （当我响三次，三次虔诚地迎接母亲的基督） 。 Still earlier, the statutes of Wells Cathedral, in 1331, direct that "three strokes should be struck at three several times upon the great bell in quick succession", and this shortly before curfew.还有早些时候，章程水井大教堂，在1331年中，直接指出"三招架构应在3个几次后，大钟在接二连三" ，而这之前不久实行了宵禁。 Slmilarly, at Lérida in Spain, in 1308, the bishop directs that "after Complin and as the shades of night are falling" the bell is to be pealed three times with intervals between (Villanueva, Viage, XVI, 323), while the faithful are directed on hearing the bell to fall on their knees and recite the Ave Maria. slmilarly ，在莱里达在西班牙，在1308年，这位主教的指示"之后complin随着色调的夜晚是属于"钟声是要pealed 3次之间的间隔时间（维拉纽瓦， viage ，第十六章， 323 ） ，而信徒针对听力钟落在他们跪下朗诵圣母颂。
Publication information Written by Herbert Thurston.出版信息写赫伯特瑟斯顿。 Transcribed by Carl Horst.转录由卡尔霍斯特。 The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume I. Published 1907.天主教百科全书第一卷出版， 1907年。 New York: Robert Appleton Company.纽约：罗伯特Appleton还公司。 Nihil Obstat, March 1, 1907. nihil obstat ， 1907年3月1日。 Remy Lafort, STD, Censor.人头马lafort ，性病，检查员。 Imprimatur. imprimatur 。 +John Cardinal Farley, Archbishop of New York +约翰farley枢机主教，大主教纽约
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