Abu Bakr阿布巴克尔

Abu Bakr, bc573, d.阿布巴克尔， bc573 ，四 Aug. 23, 634, father-in-law of the Prophet Muhammad, was first caliph ("successor") after the Prophet's death in 632. 8月23日， 634 ，岳父的先知穆罕默德，是第一次哈里发（ "接班人" ）后，先知的死亡632 。 An early convert and loyal follower of Muhammad, Abu Bakr led the Muslim community from 632 to 634, but his caliphate was contested by Ali, the Prophet's son-in-law.尽早转换和忠实追随者穆罕默德，阿布巴克尔为首的穆斯林社区，由632至634名，但他的哈里发是有争议的，由阿里，先知的女婿。 He also faced opposition from unruly tribes and led successful military campaigns across the Arabian peninsula into Syria and Palestine.他还面临来自反对党的不法部落，并导致成功的军事战役横跨阿拉伯半岛到叙利亚和巴勒斯坦。

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Bibliography: 参考书目：
Crone, P., and Hinds, M., God's Caliph (1986); Shaban, MA, Islamic History, AD 600-750 (1971). crone页，并因兹，米，上帝的哈里发（ 1986年） ; shaban ，马，伊斯兰历史，公元600-750 （ 1971 ） 。

Abu Bakr阿布巴克尔

Abu Bakr (573-634), was the first Muslim caliph (632-634), and father of Aisha, the wife of the Prophet Muhammad.阿布巴克尔（ 573-634 ） ，是第一个穆斯林哈里发（ 632-634 ） ，以及父亲的Aisha ，妻子的先知穆罕默德。 He was born in Mecca and became Muhammad's most trusted follower, accompanying him on the Hegira.他出生在麦加，成为穆罕默德的最值得信赖的跟随者，随行就hegira 。 After Muhammad died, Abu Bakr was made caliph, or successor to the Prophet, by an assembly of the faithful.之后，穆罕默德死了，阿布巴克尔了哈里发，或继任人向先知，由一个集会的信徒。 As caliph, Abu Bakr prevented some tribes from reverting to heathenism and fought successfully against Persia and the Byzantine Empire.由于哈里发，阿布巴克尔阻止一些部落不走回头路heathenism ，顽强拼搏，成功地对波斯和拜占庭帝国。 He was succeeded by Umar I.他的继任乌马尔一。

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