The Reformation and Confessions改革与忏悔

Conditions in the sixteenth century were ripe for the composition of confessions.条件，在十六世纪被成熟的组成招供。 The publications of Luther, Calvin, Zwingli, and other Reformation leaders had brought momentous theological questions to the fore.出版物路德，卡尔文， zwingli ，和其他改革的领导人带来了重大的神学问题前列。 When entire communities, or just the leaders, turned to their teachings, an immediate demand arose for uncomplicated yet authoritative statements of the new faith.当整个社区，或者只是领导人，把他们的教导，立即的需求，出现了简单，但权威的声明，新的信仰。 The leading Reformers were also deeply involved in the day - to - day life of the churches where they sensed the uneasiness of the people, whether at the abuses of Rome or at their own innovations.领导改革者，也深深卷入，在天--天的生活，教会他们感觉到不安的人，无论是在滥用罗马或在他们自己的创新。 And they early on saw the necessity for brief theological summaries that all could understand.他们早在上看到的必要性简短的神学思想建设的摘要，所有可以理解。

In addition, the very nature of the Reformation and the very character of the sixteenth century greatly stimulated the urge to write confessions.此外，该非常的性质，改革和非常性质的十六世纪，极大地促进促请写的供述。 The Reformers posed Scripture as the ultimate authority for all of life, even if this undercut received Catholic tradition.改革者所构成的经文作为最终的权力机关为所有的生命，即使这削弱收到的天主教会传统。 They spoke of the priesthood of believers and the internal testimony of the Holy Spirit, in spite of the fact that these teachings called the pronouncements of Rome's infallible magisterium into question.他们说，僧侣，信徒和内部的证词，圣灵，尽管有事实，即这些教诲，所谓的言论，罗马的犯错magisterium到的问题。 The Reformers also challenged Catholic influence in the state.改革者也质疑，天主教的影响，在该国。 They proposed a new reading of history to support their own push for reform.他们提出了一个新的读历史，以支持其本身的推动改革。 And they had a passion for restoring the NT purity of Christian belief and practice.和他们进行了热情为恢复新台币的纯洁性，基督教信仰与实践。 Yet every assault on an established belief and every challenge to a traditional practice called for a rationale, a concise statement of the reasons for change.然而，每一个进攻，一个既定的信仰和每一个挑战传统的做法，所谓的一个理由，简要说明理由改变。

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It was not, however, merely in the religious sphere that change prepared the way for newer confessions of faith.它不是，然而，仅仅在宗教领域变化的编写方式，为新的供述信念。 Europe in general was passing through a period of rapid evolution.欧洲在一般经过一个时期的迅速发展。 Virtually every support for traditional Roman Catholic belief was then under fire.几乎每一个支持传统的罗马天主教信仰，当时下，小心防火。 If the Reformers challenged Catholic interference in the state and Catholic involvement in the economy, so too did monarchs of the new nation - states question the church's traditional political role, and the burgeoning class of merchants challenged its accustomed authority in the world of trade.如果改革者的挑战，天主教的干扰，在国家和天主教的参与在经济上，也是如此做君主的新的民族-国家的问题，教会的传统的政治角色，和新兴的商人阶层的挑战，其习惯于权威，在世界贸易。 If Luther and Calvin called upon Rome to rethink its interpretation of Scripture, so too did leaders of the Renaissance challenge other intellectual traditions in art, political theory, literature, and history.如果路德和卡尔文呼吁罗马重新考虑其解释经文，所以也没有领导人的文艺复兴时期的其他智力的挑战，传统的艺术，政治理论，文学和历史的检验。 If the Reformation raised troubling questions in theology, so too had several generations of academicians raised troubling issues in philosophy.如果改革所提出的令人不安的问题在神学，所以也有几代院士提出的令人不安的问题，在哲学。 In short, the world of the sixteenth century needed new statements of Christian belief not just to reorient Christian life, but to reposition Christianity itself within the forces of early modern Europe.在短期内，世界各地的16世纪需要的新报表的基督教信仰不只是调整基督徒的生活，而是要复位基督教本身内部的力量，近代早期欧洲。

The great outpouring of confessions in the first century and a half of Protestantism performed a multitude of functions. Authoritative statements of Christian belief enshrined the new ideas of the theologians, but in forms that could also provide regular instruction for the common faithful. They lifted a standard around which a local community could rally and which could make plain the differences with opponents.伟大的源源不断的供述在第一次一个半世纪的基督教表演了众多的功能。 权威性报表基督教信仰，体现了新思路的神学家，但在形式，也可以提供定期的指示，为共同的忠实，他们取消了标准围绕当地社区能够团结和能够使平原的分歧与对手。 They made possible a regathering of belief and practice in the interests of unity, even as they established a norm to discipline the erring.他们作出尽可能regathering的信仰和实践方面的利益，团结，甚至为他们建立了规范，以纪律处分erring 。 And for Catholics, the writing of confessionlike statements made it possible to discriminate between acceptable modifications in its ancient faith and unacceptable deviations from its traditional norms.和天主教徒，写作confessionlike所作的声明有可能歧视之间可以接受的修改，在其古老的信仰和不可接受的偏差，从传统的规范。

(Elwell Evangelical Dictionary) （ elwell福音事工促进会，字典）

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