The Alsatian Lutheran pastor Johann Friedrich (Jean Frederic) Oberlin, b.该阿尔萨斯路德派牧师约翰弗里德里希（让雷德里克）奥伯林，乙 Aug. 31, 1740, d. 1740年8月31日，四 June 1, 1826, is known for his philanthropic efforts and educational innovations. 1826年6月1日，是众所周知的，他的慈善的努力和教育创新。 Educated at Strasbourg, he was pastor of Waldersbach, Ban-de-la-Roche, in the Vosges from 1767 until his death.教育在斯特拉斯堡，他是牧师waldersbach ，潘基文-德-香格里拉-罗氏公司，在该vosges从1767年直到他去世。 Influenced both by the Enlightenment ideas of Jean Jacques Rousseau and by the Christian mysticism of Emanuel von Swedenborg, he promoted engineering, agricultural, and educational reforms within his parish.影响双方所启示的想法让雅克卢梭和基督教神秘主义的伊曼纽尔冯威登柏格，他推动的工程，农业，教育等改革，他的教区。 His work eventually won international recognition, especially his principles of infant education, as developed by Johann Pestalozzi.他的工作，最终赢得了国际的承认，尤其是他的原则，婴儿教育，作为开发的约翰裴斯泰洛齐。 Oberlin House in Potsdam, Germany, and Oberlin College in Ohio are named for him.奥伯林众议院在波茨坦，德国和奥伯林学院在俄亥俄州被命名为他。
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Oberlin Theology was the fruit of a strong revivalistic, perfectionistic, and reforming tradition in nineteenth century American evangelical life.奥伯林神学是水果一个强有力的revivalistic ， perfectionistic ，改革传统，在十九世纪的美国福音事工促进会的生活。 It was closely associated with the work of Charles Finney, America's most famous antebellum revivalist, and with the faculty at Oberlin College, Ohio (founded 1833), of which Finney was a part.这是密切相关的工作查尔斯芬尼，美国最有名的antebellum复兴，并与学院奥伯林学院，俄亥俄州（ 1833年成立） ，其中芬尼的一个组成部分。 But the theology also contained emphases that were shared widely in American Christianity among New School Presbyterians, Methodists, many Baptists, members of Disciples and Christian churches, and even some Unitarians.但神学还载有重点，被广泛共享，在美国基督教之间的新学年presbyterians ，卫，许多浸信会，成员弟子和基督教教会，甚至一些unitarians 。
Finney's theology was shaped by his own experience (a dramatic conversion in 1821) and by his early approval of the work of Congregationalist NW Taylor.芬尼的神学塑造他自己的经验（一戏剧性的转换在1821年）和由他早日批准的工作公理的NW泰勒。 With Taylor, Finney came to conclude that individuals possessed the power within themselves to make the choice for Christ and for holy living.与泰勒，芬尼来作出结论，认为个人拥有的权力，与自己作出选择为基督，并为圣的生活。 Finney's own evangelism stressed the fact that, with God's help, strenuous personal effort could lead to the spread of the gospel.芬尼自己的传道强调的事实是，在上帝的帮助，艰苦的个人努力，可能会导致蔓延的福音。 Early in his ministry he also explored the effects of such conversions on the reform of society.早在他的部，他还探讨了影响，这种转换对改革的社会。 After Finney left the Presbyterians and took a pastorate in New York City, he came to the conclusion, as he put it, "that an altogether higher and more stable form of Christian life was attainable, and was the privilege of all Christians."之后，芬尼离开presbyterians了pastorate在纽约市，他得出的结论是，正如他所说， “一共有更高和更稳定的形式，基督徒的生活是可以达到的，并且是特权，所有基督徒” 。 Shortly after this Finney encountered John Wesley's Plain Account of Christian Perfection, which confirmed his belief in "entire sanctification."后不久，这芬尼遇到的约翰卫斯理的平原帐户基督教的完善，这证实了他的信念，在“整个成圣” 。 When Finney became professor of theology at Oberlin College in 1835, he carried with him the outlines of a distinctive theological emphasis.当芬尼成为教授神学奥伯林学院在1835年，他与他进行了纲要的鲜明的神学思想建设的重点。 And in 1839, during a revival season at Oberlin, the emphasis received distinct articulation as a perfectionistic theology.并在1839年，在复苏的季节，在奥伯林，重点是收到显着升学作为一个perfectionistic神学。
Along with Finney the Oberlin theology was promoted by Asa Mahan, first president of the college and a driving force in its establishment; Oberlin professor Henry Cowles; and many of the students who went out from Oberlin to evangelize and reform America.随着芬尼该奥伯林神学晋升由ASA的马汉，首先学院院长和动力，在其成立;奥伯林教授亨利考尔斯;和许多参加游行的学生谁失控，从奥伯林福传和改革美国。 The theology emphasized a belief in a second, more mature stage of Christian life.神学强调，一个信念在第二，更加成熟的阶段，基督徒的生活。 This second stage carried different names, "entire sanctification," "holiness," "Christian perfection," or even "the baptism of the Holy Ghost."这第二阶段，进行不同的名称， “整个成圣” ， “成圣” ， “基督教完善， ”或什至“的洗礼，圣灵” 。 Finney took it to be more a matter of perfect trust in God and commitment to his way rather than complete sinlessness.芬尼了它要更多的问题，完善信托在上帝和承诺，他的方式，而非完整的清白。 And he also came to feel that this state of spirituality would be reached through steady growth rather than through a single, dramatic "second blessing."他还来到认为，造成这种状况的灵性将通过稳步增长，而不是通过一个单一的，戏剧性的“第二次祝福” 。 Other teachers emphasized more a distinct second work of grace and spoke as if the state of the sanctified would be nearly without sin.其他教师的强调，更是一个鲜明的第二次工作的宽限期并讲话作为，如果该国的圣洁会接近没有罪。 In these discussions, which also included a consideration of the relative place of human exertion and God's free grace in going on to sanctification, the Oberlin theology showed remarkable parallels with the development of Methodist theology stretching back to the time of John Wesley.在这些讨论中，其中还包括考虑相对的地方，人类消耗和上帝的恩典免费中去，就以成圣，奥伯林神学显示了显着的平行发展与循道卫理神学的拉伸回的时候，约翰卫斯理。
The Oberlin theology represented an immensely important strand of nineteenth century evangelical belief, not only because of its influential convictions but also because of its practical effects.该奥伯林神学为代表的一极为重要钢绞线的十九世纪福音事工促进会，信仰，不仅是因为它有影响力的信念，但也因为它的实际效果。 Finney had earlier pioneered new measures in revivalism (including the "anxious bench" and the protracted meeting).芬尼此前，首创的新措施，在复兴（包括“焦急板凳”和旷日持久的会议） 。 And he also had actively encouraged a heightened concern for reforming evils in America like slavery, intemperance, and economic injustice.和他还积极鼓励的高度关注，为改革邪恶在美国一样，奴役， intemperance ，和经济不公正现象。 The perfectionistic emphases of the Oberlin theology greatly aided its revivalistic and reforming concerns.该perfectionistic重点的奥伯林神学大大资助其revivalistic和改革的关注。 Some of its exponents also believed that the millennial age was at hand, and this conviction also added to the widespread social impact of the theology.它的一些指数还认为，千年年龄在另一方面，这个信念，还增加了广泛的社会影响的神学。
The Oberlin theology retained an important place at Oberlin into the twentieth century.该奥伯林神学保留的一个重要的地方，在奥伯林到二十世纪。 It contributed also to many strands of modern evangelicalism such as the Holiness Movement, more indirectly to Pentecostalism, and to the Higher Life and Keswick movements as well.它的贡献，也有很多组成部分的现代福音神学，如神圣的运动，更间接五旬节运动，以及较高的生活和敬诚运动以及。
Mark A Noll马克一精灵
(Elwell Evangelical Dictionary) （ elwell福音事工促进会，字典）
Bibliography
参考书目
CC Cole, The
Social Ideas of the Northern Evangelists, 1826 - 1860; JH Fairchild, Oberlin:
The College and the Colony, 1833 - 1883; JE Johnson, "Charles G Finney and
Oberlin Perfectionism," JPH 46; TL Smith, Revivalism and Social
Reform.消委会科尔，社会思想的北部福音， 1826 -1 860;家快捷，奥伯林：学院和殖民地， 1 833- 18
83;流行性乙型脑炎约翰逊，“查尔斯克芬尼和奥伯林完美，” j p h46 ;铊史密斯，复兴和社会改革。
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