The idea of absolute state primacy over the church is known as Erastianism. The doctrine derives its name from Thomas Erastus (1524 - 83), a Swiss Protestant theologian and physician involved in a controversy over the right of Calvinist religious leaders to excommunicate sinners or doctrinal deviates.的思想， 绝对的国家的首要超过教会是被称为erastianism 。学说源于其名称由托马斯erastus （ 1524 -8 3） ，瑞士新教神学家和医生参与了争论的权利c alvinist宗教领袖e xcommunicate的罪人，或理论偏离。 He held that only the state could punish such offenders because civil authorities had final jurisdiction in all areas, even in matters such as excommunication.他认为，只有国家可以惩罚这些罪犯，因为民事当局最后的司法管辖权在各个领域，甚至在等事项，绝罚。
From 1558, Erastus was a professor at Heidelberg, where he opposed the efforts of Caspar Olevianus to enforce a Calvinist form of church discipline as practiced in Geneva.从1558年， erastus是一个教授在海德堡，在那里他反对的努力，卡斯帕olevianus执行calvinist形式的教会纪律，实行在日内瓦举行。 His Latin book of 75 theses on the subject was published in London in 1589, and appeared in an English translation in 1659 as The Nullity of Church Censures.他的拉丁美洲图书75论文就此事发表在英国伦敦1589年，出现在一个英语翻译，在1659年作为无效教会的指责。 The book had a powerful influence on the English theories of state control over the church during the 17th century.这本书有一个强大的影响力对英语的理论，国家控制的教会在17世纪。 The theory of church - state relations, to which the name Erastianism is given, usually goes well beyond the authority Erastus would have granted to the state.理论的教会-国与国的关系，其中的名称e rastianism是给予，通常远远超出了e rastus管理局将给予该国。
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Erastianism takes its name from Thomas Erastus (1524 - 83), who was born at Baden, studied theology at Basel, and later medicine, becoming professor of medicine at Heidelberg. erastianism考虑其名称由托马斯erastus （ 1524 -8 3） ，谁出生于德国巴登，学习神学，在巴塞尔，后来医学，成为医学教授在海德堡。 He was a friend of Beza and Bullinger and was a Zwinglian.他的一个朋友beza和布凌格是一个zwinglian 。
A controversy arose in Heidelberg over the powers of the presbytery.争议出现在海德堡以上的权力，该presbytery 。 Erastus emphasized strongly the right of the state to intervene in ecclesiastical matters. erastus强调强烈的国家的权利进行干预，在教会的事宜。 He held that the church has no scriptural authority to excommunicate any of its members.他认为，教会并没有圣经的权力excommunicate其任何成员。 As God has entrusted to the civil magistrate (ie, the state) the sum total of the visible government, the church in a Christian country has no power of repression distinct from the state.作为上帝赋予公务员裁判官（即国家）的总和，可见政府，教会在一个基督教国家没有权力的镇压有别于国家。 To have two visible authorities in a country would be absurd.有两种，有形的国家的有关当局，将是荒谬的。 The church can merely warn or censure offenders.教会只能警告或谴责罪犯。 Punitive action belongs to the civil magistrate alone.惩罚性行动属于民事裁判官。 The church has no right to withhold the sacraments from offenders.教会无权扣压圣礼从罪犯。
In practice, the term "Erastianism" is somewhat what elastic.在实践中，术语“ erastianism ”是有点什么弹性。 Figgis calls it "the theory that religion is the creature of the state." figgis称之为“理论认为，宗教是造物的国家” 。 Generally it signifies that the state is supreme in ecclesiastical causes, but Erastus dealt only with the disciplinary powers of the church.一般它标志着该国最高法院在教会的原因，但erastus只处理与纪律处分的权力的教会。 When the Roman emperors became Christian, the relations of civil and ecclesiastical rulers became a real problem.当罗马帝王成为基督徒，关系民间和教会统治者成为一个真正的问题。 It became universally accepted until modern times that the state could punish heretics or put them to death.它已成为普遍接受的，直到近代以来，该国可以惩罚异端或把他们死刑。
The name Erastian emerged in England in the Westminister Assembly (1643) when outstanding men like Selden and Whitelocke advocated the supremacy of the state over the church.伊拉斯特派的名称出现在英格兰，在westminister大会（ 1643年）时，优秀的男性喜欢塞尔登和whitelocke主张至高无上的国家超过教会。 The assembly rejected this view and decided that church and state have their separate but coordinate spheres, each supreme in its own province but bound to cooperate with one another for the glory of God.大会否决了这个看法，并决定教会和国家有其独立的，但协调的领域，每个最高人民法院在自己的省，但约束，互相合作，为神的荣耀。
AM
Renwick时任威克
(Elwell Evangelical Dictionary)
（ elwell福音事工促进会，字典）
Bibliography
参考书目
W Cunningham,
Historical Theology; JN Figgis, "Erastus and Erastianism," JTS
2.瓦特坎宁安，历史神学;若望figgis ， “ erastus和erastianism ， ” jts 2 。
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